B. Culture desrcibed

Question 1

3 features of culture

Answer 1

• Culture is shared
• Culture is learned
• Culture is systematic and organized

Question 2

Culture

Answer 2

A set of knowledge structures consisting of systems of values, norms, attitudes, believes and behavioural meanings that are shared by members of a social group and embedded in its institutions and that are learned from previous generations

Question 3

Three levels of culture by Schein

Answer 3

1. Artifacts (visible features)
2. Espoused values (conscious held by society)
3. Assumptions (unconcious level and taken for granted)

Question 4

Mental programming

Answer 4

Mental factors mainly developed by cultural beliefs that influence the way in which people interacte with their environment and each other and thereby influence the way a person thinks

Question 5

Convergence

Answer 5

The extent to which cultures between different nations become more similar

Question 6

Dilemma of the commons

Answer 6

The attractiveness for an individual to choose for a short term gain in stead of long-term group interests

Question 7

World mindedness

Answer 7

An interested attitude and behaviour towards people of different races, nations and cultures

Question 8

Path dependence

Answer 8

Current decisions are based on experiences and knowledge from the past, so history matters in decision making

Question 9

Crossvergence

Answer 9

New value systems - based on national cultures - could be developed by country integration

Question 10

Acculturation

Answer 10

The psychological and behavioural changes of people or groups because of contact with different cultures

Question 11

Bicultural individuals

Answer 11

Individuals with experience of living in multiple cultures that acculturate to the extent that they demonstrate the ability to function effectively in more than one culture

Question 12

In-group

Answer 12

Identifying ourselves with a particular social group and places boundaries around the group based on shared interests and identities (non-members are defined as out-group)

Question 13

Prejudice

Answer 13

An unfavourable opinion without proper arguments for this opinion which translates to discrimination

Question 14

Ethnocentrism

Answer 14

Attitude that reflects the categorisation of cultural groups; an attitude that your own cultural group is the center of everything and all other groups are evaluated with reference to it.

Question 15

Artifacts

Answer 15

Visible features of culture

Question 16

Espoused values

Answer 16

Values that determine standards for the future, those values are based on important group characteristics