B Flashcards
An organisms ability to manufacture __________ lets it carry on its life processes.
Protein
The basic nucleic acid for a few viruses that uses ribose as sugar and uracil replaces thymine.
RNA
Almost every cellular and extra cellular substance made by a cell is or contains a ___________ protein.
Structural
A twisted and looped polypeptide chain of a.a. that has a specific shape.
Proteins
Any change in the DNA of an organism.
Mutation
When 2 non-homologous chromosomes exchange genetic info
Translocation
Can happen when a broken piece of chromosome attaches to a chromosome from a different homo pair
Translocation
A _______ of chromosomes attaches to the end of a nonhomo chromosome that isn’t broken
Segment
When translocation causes genes from the 21st chromosome to translocation onto another chromosome
Down Syndrome
When a segment of the chromosome is left out after it breaks and the chromosome piece usually ends up outside the nucleus where it disintegrates.
Deletion
When part of chromosome 5 is deleted, baby is mentally retarded and cat screech.
Cri du chat
A segment of the chromosome breaks off and reattaches in the same position but in reverse order
Inversion
When only one nucleotide is changed
Point mutations
What are the three ways point mutations can occur?
1-nucleotide addition (frame shift)
2-nucleotide deletion (frame shift)
3-substitution
Most mutations that happen naturally and can be induced by mutagens (anything that causes a mutation to occur) is called…
Spontaneous mutations
Joining specific sections of DNA from 2 different sources
Recombinant DNA
An enzyme that can snip the DNA at specific base sequences leaving sticky ends
Restriction
Restriction enzymes are used in making ______ for diabetics.
Insulin
Organisms homozygous for various traits
Pure strains
Fingerprinting uses a process called RFLP analysis that (3 things)…
Isolates DNA
Cuts it
Sorts it
