Azure Data Fundamentals

Question 1

Data Classification Types

Answer 1

structured, semi-structured, or unstructured

Question 2

Structured data

Answer 2

1) typically tabular data that is represented by rows and columns in a database.
2) Databases that hold tables in this form are called relational databases
3)

Question 3

Semi-structured data

Answer 3

1) information that doesn’t reside in a relational database but still has some structure to it.
2) Examples include documents held in JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format
3) Other forms: key-value stores (similar to a relational table, except that each row can have any number of columns) and graph databases (store and query information about complex relationships. A graph contains nodes (information about objects), and edges (information about the relationships between objects))

Question 4

unstructured data

Answer 4

audio and video files, and binary data files might not have a specific structure

Question 5

Storage of structured data

Answer 5

typically stored in a relational database such as SQL Server or Azure SQL Database.

Question 6

Storage of unstructured data

Answer 6

use Azure Blob storage (Blob is an acronym for Binary Large Object)

Question 7

Storage of semi-structured data

Answer 7

Azure Cosmos DB

Question 8

Data processing solutions categories

Answer 8

analytical systems, and transaction processing systems

Question 9

analytical system

Answer 9

1) designed to support business users who need to query data and gain a big picture view of the information held in a database
2) capturing raw data, and using it to generate insights
3) data ingestion, data transformation, data querying, and data visualization

Question 10

transactional system

Answer 10

1) records transactions
2) often high-volume, sometimes handling many millions of transactions in a single day. The data being processed has to be accessible very quickly. The work performed by transactional systems is often referred to as Online Transactional Processing (OLTP)

Question 11

Normalization

Answer 11

1) process of organizing data in a database

end result of the normalization process is that your data is split into a large number of narrow, well-defined tables

Question 12

Non-relational database

Answer 12

One to many relationships in tables with duplicates

Question 13

Relational database

Answer 13

Model for holding data. A primary use of relational databases is to handle transaction processing

Question 14

Transactional database

Answer 14

A transactional database must adhere to the ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties to ensure that the database remains consistent while processing transactions.

Question 15

ACID

Answer 15

1) Atomicity guarantees that each transaction is treated as a single unit, which either succeeds completely, or fails completely.
2) Consistency ensures that a transaction can only take the data in the database from one valid state to another.
3) Isolation ensures that concurrent execution of transactions leaves the database in the same state that would have been obtained if the transactions were executed sequentially.
4) Durability guarantees that once a transaction has been committed, it will remain committed even if there’s a system failure such as a power outage or crash.

Question 16

Distributed database

Answer 16

is a database in which data is stored across different physical locations

Question 17

Analytical workloads

Answer 17

1) typically read-only systems that store vast volumes of historical data or business metrics, such as sales performance and inventory levels
2) used for data analysis and decision making