Aztecs/Spanish

Question 1

Define: aqueduct

Answer 1

A channel used to move water, usually supported on an bridge structure when crossing a valley.

Question 2

Define: Chinampa

Answer 2

Floating islands built in the water around Tenochtitlan to grow crops

Question 3

Define: Codices/Codex

Answer 3

Aztec books made of deerskin or paper made from bark or cactus fiber that contains images only and folded like an accordion.

Question 4

Define: Calpolli

Answer 4

A family clan; an organization of people based on bloodline or job.

Question 5

What is the difference between Calmecac and Telpochcalli?

Answer 5

Calmecac- School for nobles, they learned how to read and write.
Telpochcalli- School for commoners, they were instructed vocally. They did not learn how to read and write.

Question 6

Define: Caliphate

Answer 6

The area of Jurisdiction of Islamic Faith

Question 7

Define: Spanish Inquisition

Answer 7

A state run system of courts in Spain where non-Catholics were put on trial.

Question 8

Define: Polytheism

Answer 8

The belief in the existence of many Gods

Question 9

Define: Conquistadors

Answer 9

The word that the Spanish used to describe the leader of an expedition to colonize other lands.

Question 10

Define: Chivalry

Answer 10

The combination of traits like courage, honor, courtesy, and readiness to help.

Question 11

Define: Hidalgos

Answer 11

The sons of poor nobles

Question 12

What factors motivated a European society to venture into the unknown regions beyond its borders?

Answer 12

• Exploring to expand trade
• Exploring to expand gold supply
• Exploring to expand Christianity

Question 13

What does the stone calendar depict?

Answer 13

It depicts Huitzilopotchli and how the worlds in the past have ended, and how this one will.

Question 14

How did the Aztec merchants contribute to the state?

Answer 14

• They went on trading expeditions
• They knew lots about geography of other places; helpful for planning attacks
• The taxes they collected were beneficial to the state

Question 15

What were the clothing and housing laws?

Answer 15

Commoners were not allowed to wear cotton, and only chiefman and nobleman could have more than one floor on their house. Also, only nobles could wear feathers.

Question 16

What was the purpose of war for the Aztecs?

Answer 16

• Capturing people for human sacrifice
• Gaining Power
• Collecting tribute
• Moving up the hierarchy

Question 17

In what ways did the Aztecs alter their environment?

Answer 17

• Chinampas
• Aqueducts
• Causeways
• Dykes

Question 18

What was the purpose of education for the Aztecs?

Answer 18

To turn them into good citizens with a “Stone heart, stone face”

Question 19

How were children punished?

Answer 19

They were held over a chili pepper fire and forced to inhale the smoke.

Question 20

How could a slave earn freedom?

Answer 20

Run to the Emperor’s temple without being caught

Question 21

Who was an advocate for the Indigenous people of North and South America?

Answer 21

King Carlos l

I am NOT sure on this one so be aware this may not be correct

Question 22

Why did the Spanish settlers revolt against the Spanish crown? When did they become independent?

Answer 22

They were not happy with how the money was being handled in New Spain. They became independent in 1821.

Question 23

What three things about the Spanish scared the Aztecs?

Answer 23

Guns, Cannons, Horses

Question 24

What disease killed off many of the Aztec population?

Answer 24

Smallpox

Question 25

Who helped Cortes in his quest to overpower the Aztecs?

Answer 25

Cortes had help from a number of Indigenous groups including:

• The Totonacs
• The Tlaxcalans
• The Cholulans

He was also gifted an Indigenous interpreter and spy named Malinche.

Question 26

How did Moctezuma react to Cortes’ arrival?

Answer 26

He invited them to their capital city, Tenochtitlan. And also sat back to wait and see what Cortes would do.

Question 27

How did Moctezuma die?

Answer 27

He was either killed by the Aztec citizens or strangled by the Spanish.

Question 28

How did Cortes destroy the city?

Answer 28

He cut off all access to water and in less than 80 days, many, many citizens were killed.

Question 29

What were the key elements of the Aztec worldview prior to the contact with the Spanish?

Answer 29

They were very religious and that religion had a lot to do with the view of themselves, their environment and their destiny. They also strongly believed in placing the state before the individual.

Question 30

How did the Aztecs worldview influence their choices, decisions, and customs?

Answer 30

They made every choice based on their religion and beliefs. Religion was the basis of everything to them. They also believed in placing the state before the individual.

Question 31

What key elements of Spanish’s worldview led to the desire to expand the Spanish empire?

Answer 31

They wanted to spread their religion, and they wanted to conquer many places for resources, trade, etc.

Question 32

In what ways did technology and disease contribute to the Spanish taking over the Aztec empire?

Answer 32

Their technology made the Aztecs fearful of them and took them by surprise, and disease killed off much of the Aztec population, making it easier for the Spanish to defeat them.

Question 33

To what extent were the different worldviews of the Spanish and Aztecs similar in the dominance of one nation over the other?

Answer 33

They both had different ways of handling the situations and different strategies, plus they both wanted to take over other nations and become the most powerful.

(Also not sure about this one)

Question 34

What were the Aztec gods?

Answer 34

Huitzilopochtli (god of war), Ometeotl (god of the universe), Tlaloc (god of rain), Tezcatlipoca (god of smoky mirror, locked in eternal struggle with Huitzilopochtli), Quetzalcoatl (god of wind).