(AZ-900 topic) Understand Cloud Concepts

Question 1

You are migrating your on-premises Microsoft Exchange email system to Office 365. What kind of cloud service would this be considered?

Answer 1

Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

Software as a service (SaaS) allows users to connect to and use cloud-based apps over the Internet. Common examples are email, calendaring, and office tools (such as Microsoft Office 365).

Question 2

You are looking to build and host your website on Azure without needing to manage the underlying infrastructure. Which type of Cloud service should you choose?

Answer 2

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Platform as a service (PaaS) is a complete development and deployment environment in the cloud, with resources that enable you to deliver everything from simple cloud-based apps to sophisticated, cloud-enabled enterprise applications, all without you having to manage any of the underlying infrastructure or services.

Question 3

Your company is migrating an internal web application to the cloud. The application requires specific configuration changes within the Operating System. Which cloud deployment solution would be most suitable?

Answer 3

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).

Only Infrastructure as a Service provides the required level of access to the Operating System. Platform as a Service (PaaS) is a complete development and deployment environment in the cloud, but does not provide the same level of Operating System access as an IaaS solution. Software as a service (SaaS) allows users to connect to and use cloud-based apps over the Internet but provides no access to the Operating System. Function as a Service (FaaS) such as Azure Functions are small single-purpose applications which do not provide Operating System access.

Question 4

Which of the following services would be considered Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)?
choose 2

Virtual Machines
Office 365
Kubernetes
Azure Active Directory

Answer 4

Office 365
Azure Active Directory

Office 365 is considered as SaaS due to the level of provider responsibility. Azure Active Directory is considered as SaaS due to the level of provider responsibility.

Question 5

Microsoft Office 365 is an example of which cloud deployment model?

Answer 5

SaaS

Software as a service (SaaS) allows users to connect to and use cloud-based apps over the internet. Common examples are email, calendar, and office tools, such as Microsoft Office 365.

Question 6

Which of the following are viewed as benefits of Public Cloud computing?
choose 2

• You no longer require an IT department.
• Capex pricing model
• On demand capacity
• Globally scalable
• Higher costs

Answer 6

On demand capacity
Globally scalable

The ability to gain capacity on demand is a huge benefit to using Public Cloud computing, this has huge advantages over the limitations of on-premise infrastructure.

There are many benefits to utilizing the Cloud - such as having access to globally scalable on-demand capacity, and through the shared security model taking advantage of the knowledge and investment that Cloud providers have built into their product offerings.

Question 7

Define the concept of “dynamic elasticity.”

Answer 7

A cloud service that responds quickly when demand increases and scales down when demand decreases.

Dynamic elasticity is defined as a cloud service that both quickly scales up and also back down in order to serve your changing workload patterns for the lowest cost.

Question 8

You are the system administrator for T-Bones Restaurant Group, Inc. You currently have an on-premises data center that consists of 50 Windows servers running IIS and SQL Server. IT management has dictated that all systems should be moved to Azure in the coming year. They also state that only platform-as-a-service (PaaS) solutions should be implemented. Which of the following meet these requirements?

choose 2

• Azure Virtual Network
• Azure Virtual Machines
• Azure SQL Database
• Azure App Service

Answer 8

• Azure SQL Database
• Azure App Service

Azure SQL Database is a platform-as-a-service (PaaS) offering for relational database management and is a common solution for the migration of SQL.

Azure App Service is a platform-as-a-service (PaaS) offering for web services and is a common solution for the migration of IIS.

Question 9

Which type of cloud service gives you the most flexibility and control over the solutions you implement?

Answer 9

IaaS

IaaS, or Infrastructure as a Service, is the most flexible of cloud services, allowing you the most control over the solutions you implement in Azure, where you can run your own virtual machines, and design your own storage. Platform as a Service (PaaS) manages the OS, Middleware, and Runtimes. Function as a Service (FaaS) is similar to PaaS in this respect. Software as a Service (SaaS) manages the Applications and Data.

Question 10

Which of the following are characteristic of private clouds?
(choose 2)

• Improved security
• Lower costs
• Limited flexibility
• High scalability [Limited]

Answer 10

• Improved security
• High scalability [Limited]

Improved security - Because resources are not shared with others, private clouds provide higher levels of control and security.

High scalability - Private clouds still afford the [Limited] scalability and efficiency of a public cloud.

Question 11

Which of the following statements are true for IaaS cloud services?
(choose 2)

• The client is responsible for purchasing all Operating System (OS) host licensing.
• The client is responsible for all guest VM OS and application updates.
• The client has complete control over the hardware hosting the VM.
• Services can be scaled automatically to support system load.

Answer 11

• The client is responsible for all guest VM OS and application updates.
• Services can be scaled automatically to support system load.

Client is responsible for all guest VM OS and application updates - Client must perform all guest OS and application updates. Operating System (OS) licensing is included in the per-use cost of the service.

Services can be scaled automatically to support system load. - IaaS host services often feature the ability to scale automatically to combat increased system load and scaled back during periods of inactivity.

Question 12

What Cloud model allows you to have complete control over the operating system?

Answer 12

Infrastructure as a Service

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) allows you to have complete control over the virtual machine operating system and any applications that you install onto the virtual machine.

Question 13

You are beginning to extend your on-premises data center into Azure. You have created a new Azure subscription and resource group called RG-One. You deploy two virtual machines into RG-One with the intent of promoting these to Active Directory domain controllers. What kind of cloud service would this be considered?

Answer 13

Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)

Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) - Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) is the use of on-demand computing infrastructure which is provisioned and managed over the internet. Deploying virtual machines into an Azure subscription would be considered an IaaS service.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about SaaS cloud services is correct?

• Applications must be accessed from a secure network (aka VPN)
• The client is responsible for purchasing all client software.
• The client has complete control over the application.
• The cloud service provider is responsible for all application upgrades.

Answer 14

-The cloud service provider is responsible for all application upgrades.

The cloud service provider performs all underlying hardware, OS, and middleware updates. With data stored in the cloud, users can access their information from any internet-connected computer or mobile device. And when app data is stored in the cloud, no data is lost if a user’s computer or device fails.

Question 15

A cloud architecture consisting of both on-premise and public cloud networks is joined to allow applications to operate across the two. What is this known as?

• Private Cloud
• Public Cloud
• Stretched Cloud
• Hybrid Cloud

Answer 15

-Hybrid Cloud

A Hybrid Cloud is created when on-premise and public cloud environments are joined. This is a method many companies with existing on-premise infrastructure transition through in their journey to cloud, as it gives flexibility between the two environments and enables a phased migration approach.

Question 16

Define “economy of scale”.

Answer 16

The ability to do things more efficiently or at a lower cost per unit when operating at a larger scale.

Cloud providers such as Microsoft, Google, and Amazon are large businesses that leverage the benefits of economies of scale and then pass the savings on to their customers.

Question 17

You have been tasked to investigate types of models for the cloud. Which cloud model is totally owned by the cloud service provider?

• None of these options
• Private cloud
• Hybrid cloud
• Public cloud

Answer 17

-Public cloud

Question 18

Your company has a cloud based application named MktTrends, which is used by the Marketing department. Which type of cloud computing
model would deliver exactly 3.76GB of memory to the MktTrends application to complete a query task?

• IaaS
• FaaS
• Serverless Computing
• PaaS

Answer 18

-Serverless Computing

Serverless computing is used to deliver exact units of resources when an application needs it, unlike other cloud computing models where
resources must be allocated ahead of time to be available when demanded. For example, if you use IaaS, you might add 4 GB of RAM so that
an application has enough memory for peak usage times. Serverless computing allocates the exact amount that application needs, such as
3.76 GB, to complete the task.

All other options do not deliver the exact amount of resources when the application needs it.

Question 19

Your company has a Microsoft 365 subscription. The company has over 100 users that will use Microsoft 365. This is an example of which of the following types of cloud services?

• IaaS
• SaaS
• FaaS
• PaaS

Answer 19

-SaaS

You would choose Software as a service (SaaS). SaaS is software that is hosted in the cloud and managed by the cloud provider for the customer. The customer can configure the software according to their needs. SaaS allows users to connect to and use cloud-based apps over the Internet. Common examples are email, calendars, and office tools. SaaS is typically licensed through a monthly or annual subscription. Microsoft Office 365 is an example of SaaS software.

Question 20

Which of the following is a Software as a Service (SaaS) solution? (choose 1)

• Azure App Service
• Azure Functions
• Azure SQL Databases
• Microsoft Office 365

Answer 20

-Microsoft Office 365

Software as a service (SaaS) allows users to connect to and use cloud-based apps over the Internet such as email or Microsoft Office 365. SaaS provides a complete software solution that you rent on a pay-as-you-go basis.

Question 21

Which of the following are considered capital expenditures (CapEx)? (choose 2)

• Office 365 licenses
• Cloud-based virtual machine
• Storage area network
• Hyper-V host server

Answer 21

• Storage area network
• Hyper-V host server

Storage costs are typically considered CapEx and include storage hardware components and the cost of supporting them. Depending on the application and level of fault tolerance, centralized storage can be expensive. Server costs are considered CapEx and include all server hardware components and the cost of supporting them.

Physical server costs are considered CapEx and include all server hardware components and the cost of supporting them. When purchasing servers, make sure to design for fault tolerance and redundancy (e.g., server clustering, redundant power supplies, and uninterruptible power supplies). When a server needs to be replaced or added to a data center, you need to pay for the computer. This can affect your immediate cash flow because you must pay for the server upfront.

Question 22

You have an on-premises application that processes incoming Simple Message Submission Service (SMSS) queue messages and records the data to a log file. You migrate this application to an Azure function app. What kind of cloud service would this be considered?

• Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)
• Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
• Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
• Serverless

Answer 22

-Serverless

Serverless computing is the abstraction of servers, infrastructure, and operating systems. When you build serverless apps, you don’t need to provision and manage any servers, so you don’t have to worry about infrastructure. Serverless computing is driven by the reaction to events and triggers happening in near-real time in the cloud.

Question 23

Which cloud concept describes the ability of a cloud service to be accessed quickly from any location via the internet?

• Low latency
• Dynamic scalability
• Disaster recovery
• Dynamic elasticity

Answer 23

-Low latency

Low latency is the ability of a cloud service to be accessed quickly from any location via the internet.

Question 24

Your company plans to deploy a web application but does not want to install an operating system or web server, nor manage system updates
for the web server. Which type of cloud service should the company implement?

• PaaS
• SaaS
• FaaS
• IaaS

Answer 24

-PaaS

You would choose Platform as a service (PaaS). PaaS provides a company with an environment for developing, running, debugging, testing, patching, and deploying software applications. PaaS allows you to quickly create an application without having to worry about managing the underlying infrastructure. PaaS eliminates the need to install an operating system, web server, server patches, or other infrastructure to create applications. PaaS creates a complete deployment environment in the cloud that has tools to deliver simple cloud-based apps or sophisticated cloud-enabled enterprise applications. The tools and resources are purchased from the service provider on a pay-as-you-go basis.

Question 25

Which of the following are characteristics of a public cloud? Choose all that apply.

• Virtually unlimited storage
• Provider manages the network and virtualization software
• Only one tenant is supported
• Services are always free
• Resource pooling

Answer 25

• Virtually unlimited storage
• Provider manages the network and virtualization
• Resource pooling

In a public cloud, you can pay for the storage level that you want. You can have almost unlimited storage.

In a public cloud, there is no dedicated hardware. The computing resources in the infrastructure provided by the provider are pooled together to server multiple customers.

In a public cloud, the provider manages the network and virtualization software. The customer pays for the virtual machines and virtual networks that are provisioned, but the underlying structure is managed by the provider.

In a public cloud, services are sometimes free, but generally have metered pricing. You pay for the services that you want when you want.

A public cloud may support multiple tenants.

Question 26

Your company hosts a website. Due to web traffic spikes that were caused by ads which typically ran for three days, the company has overpurchased capacity in advance of running ads for the next month.

Which benefit of Azure Cloud Services supports cost management for this type of usage pattern?

• load balancing
• high latency
• elasticity
• high availability

Answer 26

-elasticity

Elasticity in Azure could allow the website to scale rapidly, commensurate with demand, due to traffic spikes caused by ads. Microsoft Azure could allocate resources when the spike occurs and deallocate the resources when the traffic spike passes. The elasticity feature makes the capabilities of the cloud appear unlimited and can be allocated in any quantity for any time length.

High latency would not be a feature that would be used in this scenario. Network latency is the time it takes for a packet to traverse the network from the sender to the receiver. The issue in the scenario is a spike in traffic, not a delay in traffic traversing the network.

Load balancing would not be a feature that would be used in this scenario. Load balancing distributes incoming network traffic across a group of servers known as a server pool. Load balancing can increase performance by decreasing the burden that is placed on a server. Load balancing is designed to increase reliability over time, but it would not be as effective in this scenario as elasticity, which allocates resources on
demand.

High availability would not be a feature that would be used in this scenario. The high-availability feature allows groups of computers to support applications with little or no downtime. High-availability may not protect against spikes, but elasticity can.

Question 27

Which of the following would most likely use a private cloud? (Choose two.)

• Mid-sized beverage distributed
• Local municipal government
• Mid- to large-sized bank
• Large manufacturer of engines

Answer 27

• Local municipal government
• Mid- to large-sized bank

Of the choices listed, a municipal government or mid- to large-sized bank would be the most likely candidates for using a private cloud. A private cloud has computing resources exclusively used by a single organization. A private cloud has the following advantages:

• Private clouds provide scalability and efficiency.
• Private clouds are more secure than a public cloud because cloud resources are not shared with others.

Since both a financial institution and a municipal government would need more control over resources than a manufacturer or a distributor, a
private cloud would be a better choice than a public cloud.