AZ 900 Flashcards
Azure DevOps Services
Azure DevOps Services is a suite of services that address every stage of the software development lifecycle. Azure Repos, Azure Boards, Azure Pipelines, Azure Artifacts, Azure Test Plans.
GitHub works on a simple model of read/write permissions to every feature. Meanwhile, Azure DevOps has a much more granular set of permissions.
GitHub vs DevOps vs GitHub Actions
GitHub is a lighter-weight tool than Azure DevOps, with a focus on individual developers contributing to the open-source code.
Azure DevOps, is more focused on enterprise development, with heavier project-management and planning tools, and finer-grained access control.
GitHub Actions enables workflow automation with triggers for many lifecycle events. One such example would be automating a CI/CD toolchain.
Although both Azure DevOps and GitHub allow public and private code repositories, GitHub has a long history with public repositories and is trusted by tens of thousands of open-source project owners.
Are you building open-source software?
Azure DevTest Labs
Azure DevTest Labs provides an automated means of managing the process of building, setting up, and tearing down virtual machines (VMs) that contain builds of your software projects.
This way, developers and testers can perform tests across a variety of environments and builds. And this capability isn’t limited to VMs. Anything you can deploy in Azure via an ARM template can be provisioned through DevTest Labs.
Provisioning pre-created lab environments with their required configurations and tools already installed is a huge time saver for quality assurance professionals and developers.
Do you need to automate and manage test-lab creation?
Azure Advisor
Azure Advisor evaluates your Azure resources and makes recommendations to help improve reliability, security, and performance, achieve operational excellence, and reduce costs. Advisor is designed to help you save time on cloud optimization. The recommendation service includes suggested actions you can take right away, postpone, or dismiss.
The recommendations are available via the Azure portal and the API, and you can set up notifications to alert you to new recommendations.
Reliability: Used to ensure and improve the continuity of your business-critical applications. Security: Used to detect threats and vulnerabilities that might lead to security breaches. Performance: Used to improve the speed of your applications. Cost: Used to optimize and reduce your overall Azure spending. Operational Excellence: Used to help you achieve process and workflow efficiency, resource manageability, and deployment best practices.
Azure Monitor
if you want to keep track of the performance or issues related to your specific VM or container instances, databases, your applications, and so on, you want to visit Azure Monitor and create reports and notifications to help you understand how your services are performing or diagnose issues related to your Azure usage.
is a platform for collecting, analyzing, visualizing, and potentially taking action based on the metric and logging data from your entire Azure and on-premises environment.
Choose Azure Monitor when you want to measure custom events alongside other collected telemetry data.
Azure Service Health
provides a personalized view of the health of the Azure services, regions, and resources you rely on.
Service issues are problems in Azure, such as outages, that affect you right now. You can drill down to the affected services, regions, updates from your engineering teams, and find ways to share and track the latest information.
Planned maintenance events can affect your availability. You can drill down to the affected services, regions, and details to show how an event will affect you and what you need to do. Most of these events occur without any impact to you and aren't shown here. In the rare case that a reboot is required, Service Health allows you to choose when to perform the maintenance to minimize the downtime. Health advisories are issues that require you to act to avoid service interruption, including service retirements and breaking changes. Health advisories are announced far in advance to allow you to plan.
Azure PowerShell
The routine setup, teardown, and maintenance of a single resource or multiple connected resources.
The deployment of an entire infrastructure, which might contain dozens or hundreds of resources, from imperative code.
Azure PowerShell is available for Windows, Linux, and Mac, and you can access it in a web browser via Azure Cloud Shell.
Azure CLI
The Azure CLI command-line interface is an executable program with which a developer, DevOps professional, or IT professional can execute commands in Bash.
In many respects, the Azure CLI is almost identical to Azure PowerShell in what you can do with it. Both run on Windows, Linux, and Mac, and can be accessed in a web browser via Cloud Shell. The primary difference is the syntax you use. If you’re already proficient in PowerShell or Bash, you can use the tool you prefer.
ARM templates
Azure Resource Manager templates (ARM templates) define the infrastructure requirements in your application for repeatable deployments by contrast to the Azure CLI and PowerShell,
The benefit is that the entire ARM template is verified before any code is executed to ensure that the resources will be created and connected correctly.
Azure Container Instances
Fastest and simplest way to run a container in Azure without having to manage any virtual machines or adopt any additional services.
It’s a platform as a service (PaaS) offering that allows you to upload your containers, which it runs for you.
Unlike vms you can spin up containers quickly, because you’re just waiting for the app to run, rather than the OS and app.
VMs= Virtualize Hardware Containers= Virutalize Software
Azure Kubernetes
A complete orchestration service for containers with distributed architectures and large volumes of containers.
what is the consumption-based model of cloud computing?
End users only pay for the resources that they use. Whatever they use is what they pay for.
Scalability?
Apps in the cloud can scale vertically and horizontally:
- Scale vertically to increase compute capacity by adding RAM or CPUs to a virtual machine. - Scaling horizontally increases compute capacity by adding instances of resources, such as adding VMs to the configuration.
Elasticity
The ability to automatically and quickly scale up, and then back down. Autoscaling in Azure. Setting a min num of vms, rules to add resources as load comes in, rules to remove resources that are sitting idle. All the instances don’t keep running after a scale up. Tech that strikes the balance between not enough resources and too much resources.
Moves costs from CapEx to OpEx
Allowing costs to be accounted for under OpEx which may have a direct impact on net profit, taxable income, and the amount of expenses on the organization’s balance sheet.
IaaS
a cloud provider will keep the hardware up-to-date, but operating system maintenance and network configuration is up to you as the cloud tenan
PaaS
cloud provider manages the virtual machines and networking resources, and the cloud tenant deploys their applications into the managed hosting environment
Serverless computing?
cloud service provider automatically provisions, scales, and manages the infrastructure required to run the code. Serverless architectures are highly scalable and event-driven, only using resources when a specific function or trigger occurs.
Public, Private, Hybrid Cloud
public cloud
Services are offered over the public internet and available to anyone who wants to purchase them. Cloud resources, such as servers and storage, are owned and operated by a third-party cloud service provider, and delivered over the internet.
private cloud
A private cloud consists of computing resources used exclusively by users from one business or organization. A private cloud can be physically located at your organization’s on-site (on-premises) datacenter, or it can be hosted by a third-party service provider.
hybrid cloud
A hybrid cloud is a computing environment that combines a public cloud and a private cloud by allowing data and applications to be shared between them.
Azure region
a geographical area on the planet that contains at least one but potentially multiple datacenters that are nearby and networked together with a low-latency network.
Azure has more global regions than any other cloud provider. These regions give you the flexibility to bring applications closer to your users no matter where they are.
Azure availability zones
Availability zones are physically separate datacenters within an Azure region.
- Each availability zone is made up of one or more datacenters equipped with independent power, cooling, and networking.
- An availability zone is set up to be an isolation boundary. If one zone goes down, the other continues working.
- Availability zones are connected through high-speed, private fiber-optic networks.
Resource group
A container that holds related resources for an Azure solution. The resource group includes resources that you want to manage as a group. You decide which resources belong in a resource group based on what makes the most sense for your organization.
Subscriptions
Using Azure requires an Azure subscription. A subscription provides you with authenticated and authorized access to Azure products and services. It also allows you to provision resources.
An Azure subscription is a logical unit of Azure services that links to an Azure account, which is an identity in Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) or in a directory that Azure AD trusts.
An account can have one subscription or multiple subscriptions that have different billing models and to which you apply different access-management policies. You can use Azure subscriptions to define boundaries around Azure products, services, and resources.
Groups together user accounts and the resources that have been created by those user accounts. For each subscription, there are limits or quotas on the amount of resources that you can create and use. Organizations can use subscriptions to manage costs and the resources that are created by users, teams, or projects.
Management groups
groups help you manage access, policy, and compliance for multiple subscriptions. All subscriptions in a management group automatically inherit the conditions applied to the management group.
Resource group
Act as a logical container into which Azure resources like web apps, databases, and storage accounts are deployed and managed.
Azure App Service
HTTP-based service that enables you to build and host many types of web-based solutions without managing infrastructure.
What is Orchestration.
The task of automating, managing, and interacting with a large number of containers.
Azure Kubernetes Service
Complete orchestration service for containers with distributed architectures and large volumes of containers.
Kubernets is smart. It can manage groups of containers (pods) handling fail over, redunedancy, and provides admins with tools to manage alll the diff container activities.
