Axial Skeleton Flashcards

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1
Q

How many types of bones are there?

A

There are 5 different
kinds of bones:

-Long bones
-Flat bones
-Short bones
-Irregular bones
-Sesamoid bone (only
one)

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2
Q

Ephiseal Plate

A

when the bone is still growing

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3
Q

Epiphyseal line

A

when the bone is mature

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4
Q

Why is Sinus important?

A

*Sinuses are important in voice resonance

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5
Q

How does Sinuses help with the skull?

A

*Sinuses lighten the weight of the skull

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6
Q

What does the cervical have?

A

C1-C7 have transverse
foramina

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7
Q

What makes C2-C6 special?

A

C2-C6 have bifid process

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8
Q

What is the atlas?

A

articulates
with the skull, with the
occipital condyles and does
not have a body, nor a
spinous process

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9
Q

C2 Axis

A

notice the dens
makes a pivot point on
which skull pivots. It
articulates with C1 to allow
the ‘no movement

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10
Q

Herniated Disc

A

when the softer nucleus
pulposus protrudes through the harder outer annulus fibrosis (fibrocartilage) because of (constant) excessive pressure

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11
Q

Ribs

A

Three kinds of ribs:
*Vertebral sternal - True Ribs (1-7)
*Vertebrochondral - False ribs (8-10)
Attach to each other and to rib 7 by cartilage
*Vertebral - Floating (11,12)

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12
Q

Long bones

A

longer than they are wide, with a thick compact bone exterior

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13
Q

Short bones

A

equal in length and width and contain a thick interior of spongy bone covered by a thin veneer of compact bone.

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14
Q

Flat bones

A

relatively flat, but may be curved, and contain a thin, spongy bone inte- rior covered by a thin veneer of compact bone.

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15
Q

Irregular bones

A

do not easily fit into any of these categories.

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16
Q

Sesamoid Bones

A

small bones that develop in tendons (e.g., patella) for pro- tection against wear and tear.

17
Q

What is Yellow Marrow

A

Yellow marrow is a fatty substance found within the medullary cavity.

18
Q

What is Red Marrow

A

Red marrow is found within the cavities of spongy bone and produces blood cells.

19
Q

Differences in Axial and Appendicular

A

Axial has 80 bones and protect the internal organs

Appendicular has 126 bones and helps with movement.

20
Q

Paranasal

A

sinuses are cavities lined with mucous mem- branes that are located near and have openings into the nasal cavities.

21
Q

Fontalnels

A

Ability to compress during labor.

Help with the growth of the cranium as they grow.

22
Q

body

A

located anteriorly; is the largest part of the vertebra

23
Q

pedicle

A

attached to and extends posteriorly on either side of the body

24
Q

transverse process

A

extends laterally from each pedicle

25
Q

lamina

A

connects transverse processes to the spinous process

26
Q

spinous process

A

projects posteriorly from fused lamina

27
Q

vertebral arch

A

formed by the fusion of pedicles and laminae

28
Q

Scoliosis

A

The vertebral column bends laterally

29
Q

Kyphosis

A

exaggerated thoracic curve that results in a hunched back

30
Q

Lordosis

A

is an exaggerated lum- bar curve that appears as a swayback with the abdomen protruding anteriorly.

31
Q

Tube-like passageway

A

Canal

32
Q

Rounded articular process

A

condyle

33
Q

Opening or hole through a bone (oval or round)

A

Foramen

34
Q

Shallow depression

A

Fossa

35
Q

Branch-like process

A

Ramus

36
Q

Narrow slit or cleft in bone

A

Fissure

37
Q

Pointed Projection

A

Sponous Process.