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Equine Anatomy -2 > Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of muscle groups?

A

Expaxial - extensors
Hypaxial - flexors

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2
Q

What are the expaxial muscles?

A

Splenus
Semispinalis Muscles
Multifundus
Longissimus Dorsi
Ilicostalis
Sacrocaudalis Dorsalis

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3
Q

Splenius

A

F: elevates the neck and head, sidebends
O: T3-T5
I: Nuchal Crest, temporal bone, transverse process C2-C5
N: Cervical nerves & accessory nerve

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4
Q

Multifundus

A

F: stabilizes the spine, column rotation
O: articular process of c2-sacrum
I: spinous process of cranial vertebrae
N: local spinal nerves

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5
Q

3 muscles groups of the spine

A

Transversospinalis
Longissimus
Iliocostalis

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6
Q

Longissimus Dorsi

A

F: stabilizes the spine, extends vertebral column, side bends and elevates head and neck
O: spinous process of T6-sacrum and wings of ilium, transverse process of c2-t6
I: transverse process of vertebrae, tubercle of ribs
N: local spinal nerves

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7
Q

Iliocostalis

A

F: stabilizes the lumbar spine and ribs, extension or side bending
O: transverse processes of vertebrae from ilium from c4
I: angle of ribs 1-15
N: local spinal nerves

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8
Q

What are the hypaxial muscles?

A

Scalenus
Longus Capitus
Longus Coli
Rectus Capitus
Sacrocaudalis Ventralis
Psoas Major/Minor
Iliacus
Quadratus Lumborum

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9
Q

What are the abdominal muscles?

A

Rectus Abdominis
Obliques - external and internal
Transversus abdominals

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10
Q

Muscles of mastication

A

Temporal Muscle - close the mandible
Diagastris Muscle - open the mandible/jaw
Masseter Muscle - Close the jaw and move it sideways

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11
Q

What are the thoracic wall muscles?

A

Diaphragm
External/Internal Intercostal Muscles
Serratus Dorsalis Cranialis/ Caudalis Muscles

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12
Q

Diaphragm

A

F: Inspiration and expiration
O: Sternum and ventral ribs 7-9
I: T17-L4
N: Phrenic Nerve

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13
Q

External Intercostals

A

F: Assisting with Inhalation
O: Cranial Rib
I: Caudal Rib
N: Intercostal Nerves

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14
Q

Internal Intercostals

A

F: Assisting with Exhalation forcefully
O: Caudal Rib
I: Cranial Rib
N: Intercostal Nerves

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15
Q

Serratus Dorsalis Cranialis

A

F: inspiratory muscle
O: Thoracolumbar fascia
I: Cranial Rib 5-11
N: Intercostal Nerves

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16
Q

Serratus Dorsalis Caudalis

A

F: expiratory muscle
O: Thoracolumbar fascia
I: Caudal Ribs 11-18
N: Intercostal Nerves

Equine Anatomy -2 (3 decks)

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