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ANAT 200 - AXIAL SKELETON > AXIAL SKELETON > Flashcards

AXIAL SKELETON Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four functional roles of axial skeleton?

A
  1. Support and protective framework for internal organs
  2. Skull houses special sensory organs (ear, tongue, eyeball)
  3. Vertebral column and ribs provide extensive attachment for muscles moving the head, neck, trunk, and limbs
  4. Thoracic cage performs movements during respiration
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2
Q

What are the two parts that make up the skull?

A
  1. Neurocranium (flat bone)
  2. Viscerocranium (mandible)
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3
Q

Where are tears produced?

A

In the lacrimal gland located in the lacrimal bone

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4
Q

What is the upper teeth?

A

Maxilla

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5
Q

What is the lower teeth?

A

Mandible

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6
Q

Which suture crosses the frontal and parietal?

A

Coronal

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7
Q

Which suture crosses the parietal and occipital?

A

Lambdoid

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8
Q

Which suture crosses the parietal and temporal?

A

Squamous

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9
Q

Where is cranial nerve II located?

A

In the optic canal

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10
Q

Which part of the skull helps with mastication (chewing)?

A

Zygomatic arch

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11
Q

What is the foramen magnum?

A

Where the brain (medulla) and spinal cord connect

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12
Q

What is the jugular foramen?

A

Where the internal jugular vein exists from

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13
Q

What are the three characteristics of the temporal bone?

A
  1. Neumatized bone
  2. Highly complex
  3. Contain the three smallest bones in the body (ear ossicles)
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14
Q

What is the mastoid process?

A

Air cells

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15
Q

What is the mandibular fossa?

A

Concave space right above zygomatic arch

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16
Q

What is the external acoustic meatus?

A

Entrance from external ear to middle ear

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17
Q

What is the biggest synovial joint in the body?

A

Temporomandibular joint

18
Q

What is the mandibular condyle?

A

Connects to mandibular fossa with synovial joint

19
Q

What is the fontanelle?

A

Allow skull to deform during birth canal delivery

20
Q

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

A

7

21
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

A

12

22
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

A

5

23
Q

How many sacral vertebrae are there?

A

5

24
Q

How many coccygeal vertebrae are there?

A

4

25
Q

What is primary curvatures?

A

Posterior curvatures (thoracic and sacral)

26
Q

What is secondary curvatures?

A

Anterior curvatures (cervical and lumbar)

27
Q

What are curvatures?

A

Predict compressive stress

28
Q

What is articular processes?

A

Interact with synovial joint and actually move

29
Q

What is vertebral foramen?

A

Need many to form vertrebral canal

30
Q

What is intervertebral joint?

A

Intervertebral disc attached between two adjacent vertebrae (secondary cartilaginous joint)

31
Q

What is zygapophyseal joint?

A

Joint between two adjacent articular processes (synovial joint)

32
Q

What is vertebral canal?

A

Houses the spinal cord and meninges

33
Q

What is the transverse foramen?

A

Allows passage of vertebral artery going up to supply the brain

34
Q

What is atlanto-occipital joint?

A

Synovial joint between occipital condyles and C1 (allows flexion of head up and down)

35
Q

What is atlanto-axial joint?

A

Synovial joint between C1 and C2 (allows head to turn side-to-side)

36
Q

What is costovertebral joint?

A

Two synovial joint between thoracic vertebra and associated rib (allow the rib to move slightly during respiration)

37
Q

Where is the transverse foramen located?

A

In the cervical vertebrae

38
Q

Where is atlas (C1) and axis (C2) found?

A

In the cervical vertebrae

39
Q

What is included in the cervical vertebrae?

A

The transverse foramen

40
Q

What are the two joints of the vertebrae?

A
  1. Annulus fibrosus
  2. Nucleus pulposus
41
Q

Which two joints are found in the cervical vertebrae?

A
  1. Atlanto-occipital joint
  2. Atlanto-axial joint
42
Q

Which joint is found in the thoracic vertebrae?

A

Costovertebral joint

ANAT 200 - AXIAL SKELETON (1 decks)

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