Axial Muscles

Question 1

Quadratics Lumborum (QL)

Answer 1

O: iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament
A: - lateral flexion of trunk
- extend trunk
I: 12th thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves

Question 2

Transversus Abdominis

Answer 2

O: iliac crest, inguinal ligament, thoracolumbar fascia, and deep surface of lower ribs
A; compress abdomen
I: lower thoracic spinal nerves, iliohypogastric, and ilioinguinal nerves

Question 3

Internal Oblique

Answer 3

O: iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and thoracolumbar ligament
A: -lateral flexion of trunk
-ipsilateral rotation of trunk
-compress abdomen
-flexes trunk
I: lower thoracic spinal nerves, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves

Question 4

Rectus Abdominis

Answer 4

O: pubic crest and pubic symphysis
A: compresses abdomen and flexes trunk
I: lower thoracic spinal nerves

Question 5

External Oblique

Answer 5

O: superficial surfaces of lower ribs
A: - lateral flexion
     - contralateral rotation of trunk
     - compress abdomen
     - flexes trunk 
I: lower thoracic spinal nerves and iliohypogastric nerve

Question 6

Internal intercostals

Answer 6

O: superior border of each rib
A: decrease size of thoracic cavity
I: thoracic spinal nerves

Question 7

External intercostals

Answer 7

O: inferior border of ribs
A: increase size of thoracic cavity
I: thoracic spinal nerves

Question 8

Diaphragm

Answer 8

O: xiohoid process and ribs 7-12
A: increase size of thoracic cavity
I: phrenic nerve

Question 9

Semispinalis capitis
Semispinalis cervicis
Semispinalis thoracis

Answer 9

A: -lateral flexion and contralateral rotation of head neck and trunk
-extends head neck and trunk
I: regional spinal nerves