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Head and Neck 1 > Axial Muscles > Flashcards

Axial Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin: Manubrium and clavicle

Insertion: Mastoid process of skull

Action:

  • Bilateral, flex the neck
  • Unilateral rotation
  • Face turns to contralateral side
  • Head tilts to ipsilateral side

Nerve: CNXI and C2-C3

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2
Q

Scalenes

A
  • Attach to Transverse process of C2-C7 and the first 2 ribs.
  • Elevate the Ribs and flex the neck
  • Innervated by C4-C6

*** Subclavian artery and brachial plexus pass between the anterior and middle scalene

*** Sublclavean vein and phrenic nerve pass anteriorly to the anterior scalene

Anterior Scalene:

Middle Scalene:

Posterior Scalene

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3
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Digastric

Stylohyoid

Mylohyoid

Geniohyoid

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4
Q

Digastric

A

Origin:
Anterior belly: Mandible (deep side of inferior border, digastric fossa)

Posterior belly: Mastoid notch

Insertion: Hyoid Bone

Action: Elevates hyoid and depress and retract mandible during swollowing

Nerve:
Anterior belly: CNV3 (mylohyoid branch)
Posterior belly: CNVII (Digastric branch)

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5
Q

Stylohyoid

A

Origin: Styloid process

Insertion: Hyoid

Action: Elevates Hyoid during swollowing

Nerve: CNVII

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6
Q

Mylohyoid

A

Origin: Mylohyoid line of mandible

Insertion: Hyoid bone, via fibrous raphe

Action:

  • Tightens and elevates oral floor during swollowing
  • Depress and retract mandible
  • assists in moving mandible side to side

Nerve: CNV3

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7
Q

Genohyoid

A

Origin: Inferior mental spine

Insertion: Hyoid bone

Action:

  • Draws hyoid forward during swollowing
  • Depress and retract madible

Nerve: C1 via CNII

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8
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Muscles of anterior neck

  • Omohyoid
  • Sternohyoid
  • Sternothyroid
  • Thyrohyoid
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9
Q

Infrahyoid

A

Origin: Superior border of scapula

Insertion: Hyoid bone

Action: Depress hyoid during the end of swollowing

Nerve: Ansa Cervicalis

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10
Q

Sternohyoid

A

Origin: Manubrium of Sternum

Insertion: Hyoid Bone

Action: Depress hyoid during end of swollowing

Nerve: Ansa cervicalis

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11
Q

Sternothyroid

A

Origin: Manubrium

Insertion: Thyroid Cartilage

Action: Depresses thyroid cartilage (larynx)

Nerve: Ansa Cervicalis

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12
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

Origin: Thyroid Cartilage

Insertion: Hyoid bone

Action: Depress hyoid

Nerve: C1, via CNXII

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13
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the Tongue

A
  • Genioglossus (CNXII)
  • Hyoglossus (CNXII)
  • Palatoglossus (CNX)
  • Styloglossus (CNXII)
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14
Q

Genioglossus

A

Origin: Superior mental spines (genial tubercle)

Insertion: Body of tongue, hyoid bone

Action:

  • Protracts/protrudes tongue
  • depresses center of tongue

Nerve: CNXII

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15
Q

Hyoglossus

A

Origin: Body and greater horn of hyoid

Insertion: Lateral tongue

Action: Depress tongue

Nerve: CNXII

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16
Q

Palatoglossus

A

Origin: Anterior surface of soft palate

Insertion: Lateral tongue

Action:

  • Elevates tongue
  • depresses soft palate
  • Moves palatoglossal fold toward midline

Nerve: CNX

17
Q

Styloglossus

A

Origin: Styloid process

Insertion: Lateral tongue

Action: Elevates and retracts tongue

Nerve: CNXII

18
Q

Constrictor muscles of Pharynx

A
  • Superior constrictor (X)
  • Middle constrictor (X)
  • Inferior constrictor (X)
19
Q

Longitudinal muscles of the Pharynx

A
  • Palatopharyngeus (X)
  • Salpingopharyngeus (X)
  • Stylopharyngeus (IX)
20
Q

Muscles of the Soft Palate

A
  • Tensor veli palatini (V3)
  • Levatator veli palatini (X)
  • Musculus uvulae (X)
  • Palatopharyngeus (X)
    - Longitudinal muscles of pharynx
  • Palatoglossus (X)
    - Extrinisic muscles of the tongue
21
Q

CN V3

A
  • Tensor veli palatini (Muscle of soft palate)
22
Q

CN IX

A
  • Stylopharyngeus (longitudinal pharyngeal muscle
23
Q

CN XII

A
  • Extrinsic muscles of the tongue
    - Genioglossus
    - Hyoglossus
    - Styloglossus
24
Q

CN X

A
  • Pharyngeal Constrictors
    - Superior constrictor
    - Middle constrictor
    - Inferior constrictor
  • Longitudinal pharyngeal muscles
    - Salpingopharyngeus
    - Palatopharyngeus
  • Muscles of the soft palate
    - Levator veli palatini
    - Musculus uvulae
    - Palatopharyngeus (longitudinal pharyngeal muscle)
    - Palatoglussus (extrinsic muscle of the tongue)

Head and Neck 1 (10 decks)

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