Axial and Forelimb Flashcards
2 parts of skull
cranium and mandible
where the eye is
orbit
where masseter attaches
zygomatic arch
nostrils are here
external nares
the infraorbital nerve branches off from the maxillary nerve and exits the infraorbital canal through this
infraorbital foramen
ear canal and ossicles are here and sound transmission occurs
external acoustic meatus
where ear structures and vestibular system for balance is
tympanic bulla
spinal cord goes through here
foramen magnum
neck muscles attach to this process that is caudal to the acoustic meatus
mastoid process
neck muscles attach to this surface of the head
occipital surface
articulates with the atlas and allows the nodding motion
occipital condyles
temporal muscle originates from the side of skull here
temporalis fossa
brain size is associated with
sagittal crest morphology
small dogs have larger brains and therefore have
2 temporal lines
large dogs create extra room for muscle in the skull by having
sagittal crest
large temporalis and sagittal crest is important for
bite force
fossa where temporalis attaches
temporalis fossa
this nerve gives vision to the orbit
optic nerve
the canal where the nerve that gives vision for the orbit goes through
optic canal
occulomotor, trochlear, abducents, and opthalmic nerve go through here
orbital fissure
the maxillary artery enters through ….. and out ….
caudal and rostral alar foramen
maxillary artery is a branch off of
internal carotid
the maxillary nerve goes in though the cranial cavity and out through
rostral alar foramen
where the mandible articulates with the skull
mandibular fossa
glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerve go through this (and the jugular vein)
timpano-occipital foramen
where the temporalis muscle attaches to mandible
coronoid process
the part of the TMJ that articulates with the mandibular fossa of skull
condyloid process
midline articulation between 2 mandibles
mandibular symphysis
bigger orbit for cat is for
superior vision
post-orbital closure
horse
why does a dog need a flexible orbit
when biting, the temporalis bulges so it needs to be open, not closed like a horse
large facial crest in horse
allows masseter to attach and extend forward
nasal cavity is divided by the
cribriform plate
olfactory nerve fibers run through here
cribriform plate
bone attached to the mastoid process where tongue muscles attach
hyoid apparatus
first cervical vertebra carrying the skull
atlas
where the atlas articulates with the skull
occipital condyles
articulation of atlas and axis allows what motion
no
where the vertebral artery runs through
transverse foramen
side of vertebral arch
pedicle
roof od the vertebral arch
lamina
pedicle and lamina form
vertebral arch
fan-like ligament runs from occipital region to the thoracic that allows the head to rebound during movement
nuchal ligament
ligaments between spines of vertebra
interpsinous ligament
ligament that runs on top of spine
supraspinous ligament
cartilage that goes between sternum and ribs
costal cartilage
component of costal arch
costal cartilage
nucleus pulposus is in
intervertebral disk
ridge on base of sacral bones
promontory
why don’t running animals have a clavicle
it would get in the way
structure that articulates scapula and humeral joint
glenoid cavity
bicep attaches here
spraglenoid tubercle
part of deltoid attaches to here in scapula
acromion
coracoid brachialis muscle attaches here
coracoid process
shoulder joint is what kind of joint
synovial, ball and socket
where the infraspinatus and supraspinatus muscle insert on the humerus
greater tubercle
where subscapularis attaches to humerus
lesser tubercle
tendons of biceps run through this groove on humerus
intertubercular groove
part of the humerus where it attaches to the scapula
head
where all the extensors of the forearm and digits originate in humerus
lateral epicondyle
where the flexors of the forearm and digits attach in humerus
medial epicondyle
olecranon process of the ulna sits in this fossa of the humerus
olecranon fossa
humerus part that attaches to radius and ulna and allows motion
trochlea
where deltoid attaches on humerus
deltoid tuberosity
where the tricep inserts on ulna
olecranon process
bigger the tricep, the bigger the ……
olecranon process for greater extension
where the humeral trochlea attaches to the ulna
trochlear notch
humerus and ulna create what joint
hinge joint
ligaments that stablaize hinge joints
collateral ligaments
ligaments that wrap around the joint
annular
ligament that connects radius and ulna longitudinally
interosseous ligament
joint between metacarpus and phalanges
metacarpophalangeal joints
third metacarpus of horse
cannon bone
remanent of digits 2 and 4 in horse
splint bones
joint between cannon bone and proximal phalanx
fetlock
where the cervical spinal nerves leave in the atlas
vertebral foramen
funicular versus laminar nuchal ligament
patellar ligament function and location
The patellar ligament extends from the patella to the tibial tuberosity. It is the tendon of
insertion of the quadriceps femoris
