AWS Technology Flashcards
Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
Allows you to rent and manage virtual servers in the cloud
What are EC2 Instances
virtual servers running on physical servers
how can you launch an EC2 instance
by using a preconfigured template called an Amazon Machine Image (AMI)
How many compute hours can you receive on the free tier plan
750
What two things would you use EC2 to deploy
Deploy a database and web application
What is the AWS management console
you’re able to manage and configure instances via a web browser
secure shell (ssh)
allows to establish a secure connection to your instance from a local laptop
What is EC2 instance connect
control ssh access to your instances, removing the need to manage SSH keys
What does AWS systems manager allow you to do?
allows you to manage your EC2 instances via a web browser or the AWS CLI
What is the most common way to connect to Linux EC2 instances
SSH
Which EC2 pricing option in which you pay for only what you use and is a fixed price
On-demand
When would you use on-demand pricing?
you care about low cost w/o any upfront payment or long term commitment, unpredictable workloads that can’t be interrupted, applications under development or your workloads won’t run longer than a year
what does SPOT pricing allow you to take advantage of
lets you take advantage of unused EC2 capacity. your request is fulfilled only if capacity is available
When would you use SPOT instances
you’re not worried about the start or stop time of your applications, your workloads can be interrupted
what does the reserved instances (RI) pricing option allow
allows you to commit to a specific instance type in a particular region for 1 to 3 years
When would you use reserved instances
Your application has a steady state usage, you can pay up front and you can commit 1 to 3 years
what does dedicated host pricing allow you to pay for
allows you to pay for a physical server that is fully dedicated to running your instances
when would you use dedicated host pricing
you want to bring your own server bound software license from vendors like Microsoft or oracle
What is savings plan
allows you to commit to compute usage measured per hour for 1 to 3 years
when would you use savings plan
you want to lower your bill across multiple compute services
What is Elastic load balancing
auto distributes your incoming application traffic across multiple EC2 instances
What are the 4 types of elastic load balancing
classic, application, gateway, network
what is ec2 auto scaling
adds or replaces ec2 instances automatically across availability zones based on need or changing demand
horizontal scaling
scaling out and adding or replacing instances
vertical scaling
upgrading
What is AWS Lambda
is a serverless compute service that lets you run code without managing servers
does was lambda scale automatically
yes
why would you use lambda
for file processing, email notifications and backend business logic
what is the timeout for lambda functions
15 minute timeout
how does lambda pricing model work
charged based on duration and number of requests
what is compute time pricing
pay only for compute time used, there is no charge if your code isn’t running
when is a request counted in lambda
a request is counted each time it starts execution
how much does lambda cost
its always free
what is AWS fargate
serverless compute engine for containers
what does Amazon Lightsail allow you to do
allows you to quickly launch all the resources needed for small projects
what can amazon lightsail deploy?
preconfigured applications
what is the pricing for amazon lightsail
provides a low, predictable monthly fee
what does AWS outposts allow
allows you to run cloud services in your internal data center
what kind of workloads does AWS outposts support
workloads that need to remain on premises due to latency or data processing needs
what kind of experience is AWS outposts used for
hybrid experiences
what does AWS batch allow
allows you to process larger workloads in smaller chunks
what is Amazon s3
is an object storage service for the cloud that is highly available
where are objects stored in amazon s3
buckets
how would you upload objects in amazon s3
AWS console, cli or programmatically with code
how would you set security in amazon s3
you can set it at the bucket level or individual object level using ACLs, bucket policies or access point policies
why would you enable versioning in amazon s3
to create multiple versions of your file to protect against accidental deletion or to use a previous version
what is amazon s3 access logs for
to track the access to your buckets and objects
what is durability
objects are never lost or compromised
what is amazon’s s3 durability percent
11 9’s
what is availability
you can access your data quickly
what is the S3 standard storage class used for
general purpose storage and recommended for frequently accessed date
what is the S3 intelligent tiering storage class used for
automatically moves your data to the most cost effective storage class
what is the S3 standard-infrquent access storage class
data accessed less frequently but requires rapid access, cheaper than S3 standard
what is the S3 one zone-infrequent access(IA) storage class
similar to S3 standard-IA but data is stored in a single AZ, costs less than S3 standard IA
what is the S3 Glacier storage class
used for long term storage and archival for lower costs
what is the S3 Glacier deep archive
similar to S3 glacier but with longer access times, two retrieval options 12 or 48 hrs, cheapest of all S3 options . recommended for long term data accessed once or twice a year
what is the S3 outposts storage class
provides object storage on premises
What is Amazon Elastic Block Storage (EBS)
is a storage device (called a volume) that can be attached to or removed from your instance
when does data persist on the EBS
when the instance isn’t running
what is EBS tied to
can only be attached to one instance in the same az
What is an EC2 Instance store
physically attached to the host computer and cannot be removed
when does data loss occur on an ec2 instance store
data loss occurs when an EC2 instance is stopped so storage is temporary
what is ec2 instance store recommended for
temporary storage needs and data replicated across multiple instances
what is amazon elastic file system (EFS)
Is a serverless network file system for sharing files
what file system does EFS support
only supports linux file system
what is storage gateway
hybrid storage service
what does storage gateway connect
connects on premises and cloud data
what is storage gateway recommended for
moving backups to the cloud, reducing costs for hybrid cloud storage, low latency access to data
what is a content delivery network
a mechanism to deliver content quickly and efficiently based on geographic location
what is Amazon CloudFront
is a CDN that delivers data and applications globally w/ low latency
what does Amazon cloud front use to cache content
edge locations
what is a distribution cache
collection of edge locations
what is cloud front often used with
S3 to deploy content globally
what types of attacks can cloud front stop
DDOS and web attacks
what is geo restriction
prevents users in certain countries from accessing content
what is amazon global accelerator
sends your users through AWS global network when accessing your content with speeds delivery
what percentage of performance boost does global accelerator give
60%
Amazon s3 transfer acceleration
improves content uploads and downloads from s3
What is amazon virtual private cloud (vpc)
allows you to create a secure private network in the AWS cloud
what is VPC peering
allows you to connect two VPCs together
What is route 53
is a DNS service that routers users to applications
what checks does route 53 perform
health checks on AWS resources
what is AWS direct connect
is a dedicated physical network connection from your on premises data center to AWS
how does data travel in AWS direct connect
Over a private network
what is direct connect used for in the real world
transfer large data sets to AWS, transfer internal data directly to AWS bypassing your internet service provider
what is a database
organized collection of various forms of data
how do you access data stored in a database
by querying it
what is amazon relational database service (RDS)
is a service that makes it easy to launch and manage relational databases
what is amazon aurora
is a relational database compatible with MYSQL and PostGRE SQL
what is amazon dynamodb
fully managed NoSQL key value and document database and serverless
what is amazon elasticache
is a fully managed datastore compatible with REDIS or memcached
what is amazon Neptune
fully managed graph database that supports highly connected data sets and serverless
what is a database migration service (dms)
helps you migrate databases to or within AWS
what is server migration service (sms)
allows you to migrate on premises servers to AWS
what Is snow family
allows you to transfer large amounts of data on premises to AWS using a physical device
what is snow cone
smallest member of data transport devices, 8 terabytes of usable storage, offline shipping, online with data sync
snowball and snowball edge
petabyte scale data transport solution, supports EC2 and lambda
what is snowmobile
multi petabyte or exabyte scale, data loaded to S3
What is data sync
allows for online data transfer from on premises to AWS storage services like S3 or EFS
what is data warehousing
a data storage solution that aggregates massive amounts of historical data from disparate sources
what is amazon redshift
is a scalable data warehouse solution, handles exabyte data, improves speed and efficient
what is a real world use for redshift
data consolidation and relational databases
what is analytics
the act of querying or processing your data
what is Athena
is a query service for Amazon S3, serverless and you pay per query, you can use to analyze S3 data using sql
what is Glue
preps your data for analytics, extract transform load (ETL) service
What is Kinesis
allows you to analyze data and video streams in real time
What is elastic map reduce (EMR)
helps you process large amounts of data
What is data pipeline
helps you move data between compute and storage services running either on premises or AWS
What is Rekognition
allows you to automate your image and video analysis
What is comprehend
a natural language processing (NLP) service that finds relationships in texts
What is Polly
turns text into speech
what is Sagemaker
helps you build, train, deploy machine learning models quickly
What is Lex
helps you build conversational interfaces like chatbots, recognizes speech and understands language
what is cloud 9
allows you to write code within and IDE from within your web browser
what is code commit
is a source control system for private GIT repositories
what is code build
allows you to build and test application source code
what is code deploy
manages the deployment of code to compute services in the cloud or on premises
what is code pipeline
automates software release process, integrates with code build, code commit, and code deploy
what is x ray
helps you debug production applications
infrastructure as code(IAC)
Allows you to write a script to provision AWS resources
what is cloud formation
allows you to provision AWS resources using IAC
what is elastic beanstalk
allows you to deploy your web applications and web services to AWS
what is ops work
allows you to use chef or puppet to automate the configuration of your servers and deploy code
what is simple queue service (SQS)
Is a message querying service that allows you to build loosely coupled systems, processed in fifo order
what is simple notification services (SNS)
allows you to send emails and text from your apps
what is simple email service (SES)
allows you to send richly formatted html emails from your apps
what is cloud watch
a collection of services that help you monitor and observe your cloud resources
what is cloud trail
tracks user activity and API calls in your account
