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SAA-C02 - AWS Architect Associate > AWS S3 > Flashcards

AWS S3 Flashcards

1
Q

________ provides secure, durable, highly scalable object storage.

A

S3

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2
Q

What are three key points about S3?

A
  1. Object Storage
    S3 provides secure, durable, highly scalable object storage.
  2. Scalable
    S3 allows you to store and retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the web at a very low cost.
  3. Simple
    Amazon S3 is easy to use, with a simple web service interface.
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3
Q

S3 is _________ storage.

A

S3 is object-based storage.

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4
Q

S3 manages data as _________.

A

S3 manages data as objects rather than in file systems or data blocks.

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5
Q

True or False: You can upload any file type you can think of in S3.

A

True.

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6
Q

Can you upload photos, videos, code, documents and text files into S3?

A

Yes.

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7
Q

Can you run an operating system from S3?

A

No.

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8
Q

Does S3 allow unlimited storage?

A

Yes.

The total volume of data and the number of objects you can store is unlimited.

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9
Q

What’s the smallest and largest permitted size of objects stored in S3?

A

S3 objects can range in size from a minimum of 0 bytes to a maximum of 5 terabytes.

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10
Q

In S3, files are stored in ________.

A

Buckets. In S3 files are stored in buckets (which is similar to folders).

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11
Q

Define S3 “Universal Namespace” requirement.

A

Universal Namespace

All AWS accounts share the S3 namespace. Each S3 bucket name must be globally unique.

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12
Q

In S3, the URL structure is:

https://_________.s3.Region.amazonaws.com/____

A

https: //bucket-name.s3.Region.amazonaws.com/key-name
https: //yourcompany.s3.Region.amazonaws.com/afilename.csv

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13
Q

What HTTP code do you receive when you successfully upload a file to an S3 bucket?

A

200

You received HTTP 200 code when you successfully upload a file to an S3 bucket.

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14
Q

What are the 4 aspects of S3 “Key-Value Store”?

A
  1. Key - the name of the object (ralphie.jpg)
  2. Value - the data itself, which is made up of a sequence of bytes
  3. Version ID - important for storing multiple versions of the same object
  4. Metadata - data about the data you are storing (e.g., content-type, last-modified, etc.)
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15
Q

How does S3 make it a safe place to store your files?

A

S3 is a safe place to store your files because the data is spread across multiple devices and facilities to ensure availability and durability.

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16
Q

What’s the details on S3’s availability and durability?

A
  1. S3 is built for availability
    Built for 99.95% - 99.99% service availability, depending on the S3 tier.
  2. S3 is designed for durability
    Designed for 99.99999999% (9 decimal places) durability for data stored in S3.
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17
Q

True or False: S3 storage is designed for frequently accessed data.

A

True

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18
Q

What kind of workloads is S3 suitable for?

A

S3 is suitable for most workloads.
It’s the default storage class.
Use cases include websites, content distribution, mobile and gaming applications, and big data analytics/

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19
Q

Give some use cases for S3.

A 
Use cases include:
. websites
. content distribution
. mobile and gaming applications
. big data analytics/
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20
Q

There are 3 characteristics of S3: storage, lifecycle and versioning. Describe these.

A
  1. Tiered Storage
    S3 offers a range of storage classes designed for different use cases.
  2. Lifecycle Management
    Define rules to automatically transition objects to a cheaper storage tier or delete objects that are no longer required after a set period of time.
  3. Versioning
    With versioning, all versions of an object are stored and can be retrieved, including deleted objects.
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21
Q

True or False: You can’t recover a deleted object in S3.

A

False. If you have versioning turned on, you can remove the delete marker on the object to undelete it.

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22
Q

True or False: You can setup up S3 to move unused objects to a different storage tier.

A

True.

With Lifecycle Management, you can define rules to automatically transition objects to a cheaper storage tier or delete objects that are no longer required after a set period of time.

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23
Q

How do you secure S3 data?

A
  1. Server-Side Encryption
    You can set default encryption on a bucket to encrypt all new objects when they are stored in the bucket.
  2. Access Control Lists (ACLs)
    Define which AWS accounts or groups are granted access and the type of access. You can attach S3 ACLs to individual objects within a bucket.
  3. Bucket Policies
    S3 bucket policies specify what actions are allowed or denied. (e.g., allow user Alice to PUT but not DELETE objects in the bucket).
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24
Q

What are the two aspects of S3 read/write consistency?

A

Strong Read-After-Write Consistency

  1. After a successful write of a new object (PUT) or an overwrite of an existing object, any subsequent ready request immediately receives the latest version of the object.
  2. Strong consistency for list operations, so after a write, you can immediately perform a listing of the objects in a bucket with all changes reflected.
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25
Q

S3 is is _______ ________ that allows you to upload files.

A

S3 is is object-based storage that allows you to upload files.

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26
Q

Files can be up to ____ in size in S3.

A

Files can be up to 5TB. They can be from 0 bytes to 5TB.

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27
Q

Is S3 suitable for database storage?

A

No. S3 is not suitable for install of an operating system or run a database on.

28
Q

Is there a limit on S3 storage?

A

No. The total volume of data and the number of objects you can store is unlimited.

29
Q

What is used to store S3 data?

A

Buckets.

30
Q

S3 is a ___________ namespace.

A

S3 is a universal namespace.

31
Q

How do you secure your S3 bucket?

A
  1. Buckets are private by default. When you create an S3 bucket, it is private by default (including all objects within it). You have to allow public access on both the bucket and its objects in order to make the bucket public.
  2. Object ACLs: You can make individual objects public using object ACLs.
  3. Bucket policies: You can make entire buckets public using bucket policies.
  4. When you upload an object to S3 and it’s successful, you will receive an HTTP 200 code.
32
Q

Can you host a website on S3?

A

Yes, as long as it is static.

33
Q

What are the requirements for hosting a static website on S3?

A
  1. You can make entire buckets public using bucket policies.
  2. You can use S3 to host static content only (not dynamic).
  3. S3 scales automatically with demand.
34
Q

What are the 5 exam tips for Versioning S3 Object?

A
  1. All versions of an object are stored in S3. This includes writes and even if you delete an object.
  2. It can be a great backup tool.
  3. Once enabled, versioning cannot be disabled - only suspended.
  4. Versioning can be integrated with lifecycle rules.
  5. Versioning can support multi-factor authentication.
35
Q

This S3 storage class is suitable for most workloads (e.g., websites, content distribution, mobile and gaming applications, and big data analytics).

A

S3 Standard

Can be shared among >= 3 AZs.

36
Q

This storage class is for long-term, infrequently access critical data (e.g., backups, data store for disaster recovery files, etc.)

A

S3 Standard-Infrequent Access

Can be shared among >=3 AZs.

37
Q

This storage class is for long-term, infrequently accessed, non-critical data.

A

S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access

Only stored in a single (1) AZ.

38
Q

This storage class is for long-term data archiving that occasionally needs to be access within a few hours or minutes.

A

S3 Glacier

Can be shared among >=3 AZs.

39
Q

This storage class is for rarely accessed data archiving with a default retrieval time of 12 hours (e.g., financial records for regulatory purposes).

A

S3 Glacier Deep Dive

Can be shared among >=3 AZs.

40
Q

This storage class is for unknown or unpredictable access patterns.

A

S3 Intelligent-Tiering

Can be shared among >=3 AZs.

41
Q

This S3 storage class only uses a single AZ.

A

S3 One Zone - Infrequent Access

42
Q

List the 6 storage classes in S3.

A
  1. S3 Standard
  2. S3 Standard - Infrequent Access
  3. S3 One Zone - Infrequent Access
  4. S3 Glacier
  5. S3 Glacier Deep Archive
  6. S3 Intelligent-Tiering
43
Q

True or False: All storage classes except S3 Glacier provide 11 9’s (99.999999999%) of durability.

A

False. ALL storage classes provide 11 9’s durability.

44
Q

Which storage classes provide only 99.9% Availability?

A
  1. S3 Standard - Infrequent Access

2. S3 Intelligent-Tiering

45
Q

What storage class provides the lowest availability and what’s the percentage?

A

S3 One Zone - Infrequent Access

Provides 99.5% availability.

46
Q

What are the 3 tips for Lifecycle Management?

A
  1. Lifecycle manage automates moving your objects between the different storage tiers.
  2. It can be used in conjunction with versioning.
  3. It can be applied to current versions and previous versions.
47
Q

What are the 3 highlights of “S3 Object Lock and Glacier Vault Lock”?

A
  1. Use S3 Object Lock to store objects using a write once, read many (WORM) model.
  2. Object Lock can be on individual objects or applied across the bucket as a whole.
  3. Object Lock comes in two modes: governance mode and compliance mode.
48
Q

What does S3’s ‘governance’ mode do?

A

With governance mode, users can’t overwrite or delete an object version or alter its lock settings unless they have special permissions.

49
Q

What does S3’s “compliance mode” do?

A

With compliance mode, a protected object version can’t be overwritten or deleted by any user, including the root user in your AWS account.

50
Q

What does S3 Glacier Vault Lock do?

A

S3 Glacier Vault Lock allows you to easily deploy and enforce compliance controls for individual S3 Glacier Vaults with a vault lock policy. You can specify controls, such as WORM, in a vault lock policy and lock the policy from future edits. Once locked, the policy can no longer be changed.

51
Q

What protocols are used to encrypt S3 files in transit?

A

SSL/TLS

HTTPS

52
Q

What types of encryption can be applied to files at rest in S3?

A

. Server-side encryption
. SSE-S3 (AES 256-bit)
. SSE-KMS
. SSE-C

53
Q

What server side encryption method is equivalent to AES 256-bit?

A

SSE-S3

54
Q

What is client-side encryption?

A

Client-side encryption is where you encrypt the files yourself before you upload them to S3.

55
Q

How do you enforce encryption with a Bucket Policy?

A

You enforce encryption with a bucket policy. The bucket policy would need to deny all PUT requests that don’t include the x-amz-server-side-encryption parameter in the request header.

56
Q

What is the purpose of putting x-amz-server-side-encryption parameter in a PUT request header?

A

You’d use the x-amz-server-side-encryption parameter in a PUT request header to ENFORCE ENCRYPTION via the BUCKET POLICY.

57
Q

What are the three high-level methods of optimizing performance within S3?

A
  1. Folder structure (structured folder method helps ‘index’ the data in a way)
    mybucketname/folder1/subfolder1/myfile.jpg > /folder/subfolder1
  2. You can also achieve a high number of requests using the proper folder structure. For example 3,500 PUT/COPY/POST/DELETE and 5,500 GET/HEAD requests per seconds, per prefix (bucket folder).
  3. You can get better performance by spreading your reads across different prefixes. For example, if you are using 2 prefixes, you can achieve 11,000 requests per second.
58
Q

When using SSE-KMS to encrypt your objects, what are the limits?

A
  1. Uploading/downloading will count towards the KMS quota.
  2. Region-specific, however, it’s either 5,500, 10,000 or 30,000 requests per second.
  3. (There used to be a limit where you can’t ask for a KMS quota increase, but it’s now available.)
59
Q

Multipart uploads in S3 require or help with these things:

A

Multipart Uploads:

  1. Increase performance when uploading files to S3.
  2. Should be used for any files over 100MB and must be used for any file over 5GB.
  3. Use S3 byte-range fetches to increase performance when downloading files to S3.
60
Q

You have files that are greater than 5GB to upload to S3. What must you do to upload the files?

A

Use multipart uploads.

Multipart uploads should be used for any files over 100MB and must be used for any file over 5GB.

61
Q

What is S3 Replication?

A

S3 Replication:

  1. Is where you replicate objects from one bucket to another.
  2. However, objects in an existing bucket are not replicated automatically.
  3. And delete markers are not replicated by default.
62
Q

Are delete markers replicated by default?

A

No.

63
Q

Are objects in an existing bucket replicated automatically?

A

No.

64
Q

If you want to persistently copy files from one bucket to another, you’d use this service.

A

S3 Replication

65
Q

Can you replicate within the same region?

A

Yes.

66
Q

Can you replicate across regions?

A

Yes.

SAA-C02 - AWS Architect Associate (10 decks)

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