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AWS S3 > AWS S3 101 > Flashcards

AWS S3 101 Flashcards

1
Q

S3 Description

A

Secure, durable, highly-scalable object storage.

Web service interface to store & retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the web

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2
Q

Is S3 Object-Based?

A

Yes

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3
Q

Object-Based storage

A

S3 Storage
Not for file systems, booting
videos, flat-files, pictures, etc.
Flat files

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4
Q

Block-Based storage

A

EC2 storage

For file systems, booting

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5
Q

S3 File Size limits

A

0 bytes to 5 Terabytes

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6
Q

Is there unlimited storage?

A

yes

Amazon keeps adding storage

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7
Q

S3 is a universal namespace

A

names must be globally unique

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8
Q

Bucket Name Format

A

https: //s3-REGION.amazonaws.com/BUCKETNAME
https: //s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/stevesbucket

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9
Q

HTTP response code for successful upload

A

HTTP 200

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10
Q

Data Consistency Model for S3 PUTS

A

Read after Write consistency for PUTS of new objects

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11
Q

S3 has atomic updates

A

You get new data or old data.

Don’t get partial or corrupted data

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12
Q

S3 is a key-value store

object based and objects consist of what?

A

Key - filename of object (salt if many files w/similar names)
Value - data of file
Version ID
Metadata
Subresources (2 types ACL’s and Torrent (bit torrent)

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13
Q

S3 Availability, as-built

A

Built for 99.99%

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14
Q

S3 Availability, guaranteed by Amazon (SLA)

A

99.9%

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15
Q

S3 Durability

A

eleven nines

99.999999999%

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16
Q

Lifecycle Management

A

Move data based on age to cheaper/slower/archival storage

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17
Q

Does S3 support versioning?

A

Yes

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18
Q

Does S3 support Encryption?

A

Yes

Multiple methods

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19
Q

Two ways to secure data in S3

A

Access Control Lists

Bucket Policies

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20
Q

S3 Storage Tier / Class: S3 Standard

A

99.99% Availability
eleven nines durability
stored redundantly across multiple devices in multiple facilities and can sustain loss of 2 facilities concurrently

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21
Q

S3 Storage Tier / Class: IA (infrequently accessed)

A 
99.9% Availability
eleven nines durability
For data accessed infrequently but requires rapid access
Cheaper than S3
Charged retrieval fee
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22
Q

S3 Storage Tier / Class: RRS (Reduced Redundancy Storage)

A

99.99% Availability
99.99% Durability
Use for data that can be regenerated (thumbnails)

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23
Q

S3 Storage Tier / Class: Glacier

A 
99.9% Availability (after restore)
eleven nines durability
Archival only
Takes 3-5 hours to restore
Very cheap, has retrieval fee
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24
Q

What are you charged for with S3?

A 
storage
requests
storage management pricing (tags)
data transfer pricing (moving data within S3, inter-region)
transfer acceleration
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25
Q

S3 Transfer Acceleration

A

enables fast, easy, secure transfer of files over long distances between users and an S3 bucket.

Utilizes global CLOUDFRONT edge locations, then gets routed to S3 over optimized path

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26
Q

Data consistency model for S3 overwrite puts and deletes

A

Eventual Consistency for OVERWRITE PUTS and DELETES

can take some time because changes propagate across the redundant storage

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27
Q

S3 Version, do you pay for each stored version?

A

Yes

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28
Q

What happens when you delete an object that has versioning enabled

A

It puts a delete marker on the object, but doesn’t remove it

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29
Q

Can versioning be disabled?

A

No. Only suspended. Have to delete bucket to fully remove versioning

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30
Q

Does versioning integrate with lifecycle rules?

A

yes

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31
Q

Does versioning integrate with lifecycle management?

A

yes

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32
Q

Does cross-region replication require versioning?

A

yes

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33
Q

Does cross-region replication require versioning?

A

yes

34
Q

Rules for transitioning to IA storage class

A

128Kb and 30 days after creation date

35
Q

Rules for archiving to Glacier storage class

A

30 days after going to IA.

If not using IA, can go immediately after going into S3

36
Q

Cloudfront edge location

A

where content is cached

37
Q

Cloudfront origin

A 
origin of all files the CDN will distribute
Route 53
S3 bucket
EC2 instance
ELB
38
Q

Cloudfront Distribution

A

Name of the CDN, consists of collection of edge locations

39
Q

Web distribution

A

for websites

40
Q

RTMP distributions

A

media streaming

41
Q

Are edge locations read-only

A

no.

can write to them

42
Q

How long are objects cached on Edge location

A

depends on the TTL

default is 24 hours

43
Q

Are you charged for clearing cached objects at edge locations?

A

yes

44
Q

What are the access controls on new buckets?

A

private

45
Q

2 methods to secure buckets

A

Bucket Policies

Access Control Lists

46
Q

Can you configure S3 buckets to create access logs?

A

yes. Send them to another bucket

47
Q

Server side encryption (SSE) options

A

S3 managed keys: SSE-S3. Amazon managed keys. Uses AES 256

AWS KMS: SSE-KMS
Like SSE-S3 but more options, more expensive
Provides audit trail of key usage

Customer Provided keys: SSE-C

48
Q

File Gateway

A

Uses NFS

For storing flat files on S3

49
Q

Volume Gateway - Stored Volumes

A

iSCSI storage. Block based storage
Presents your apps with disk volumes using iSCSI
1GB - 16TB volume size
Entire dataset stored on-site and asynchronously backed up to S3
Data can be stored as EBS snapshots

50
Q

Volume Gateway - Cached Volumes

A

iSCSI storage. Block based storage.
1GB - 32TB volume size
Entire dataset stored on S3.
most frequently accessed data cached on site.

51
Q

Gateway Virtual Tape Library (VTL)

A

Used for backups

iSCSI presentation to backup programs

52
Q

Snowball Standard

A

Storage
Starts at 50TB
AES-256

53
Q

Snowball Edge

A

Storage and compute (can run Lambda)

mini version of AWS data center

54
Q

Snowmobile

A

100 Petabytes, in 40 foot trailer

55
Q

S3 transfer acceleration

A

people upload to edge location, then it goes to S3

56
Q

S3 transfer acceleration

A

people upload to edge location, then it goes to S3
Uses unique URL
like bucketname.s3-accelerate.amazonaws.com

57
Q

How to speed uploads to S3

A

use multipart upload

58
Q

How to speed uploads to S3. Allows larger files.

A

use multipart upload

59
Q

Default amount of buckets per account

A

100

60
Q

Do individual objects inherit the bucket’s tags?

A

No

61
Q

What can you use MFA delete for in S3 versioning?

A

changing version state of your bucket

permanently deleting an object version

62
Q

Are existing files in a bucket replicated automatically?

A

No.

All subsequent files replicate automatically

63
Q

Are delete markers replicated?

A

yes

64
Q

Can you replicate to multiple buckets?

A

No

65
Q

Are individual versions or delete markers replicated?

A

No

66
Q

Can you use Use Signed URLs or

Signed Cookies to restrict access to cloud front or S3?

A

Yes

67
Q

Can ACL’s apply to individual objects as well as buckets?

A

yes

68
Q

Client Side encryption options

A

encrypt data yourself and upload to S3

69
Q

AWS Storage Gateway

A

local software appliance that connects local IT environment to AWS storage

70
Q

General Info on Volumes Gateway

A

Uses iSCSI
Block Based Storage
Could use for running Operating systems, databases, etc.

71
Q

URL Format for static website in S3

A

yourbucketname.s3-website-yourregion.amazonaws.com

72
Q

S3 Rate “limits”

A

100 PUT / LIST / DELETE requests per second

300 GETS per second

S3 will autoscale but if you expect more than 300 and 800, contact support to prepare for workload

73
Q

When to use S3 performance recommendations?

A

(for routinely > 100 requests per second)

74
Q

What workloads do you use appropriate key names for, to ensure better performance?

A

mixed GET, PUT, DELETE or Get Bucket requests

75
Q

What workloads do you use Cloudront CDN for, to improve perfomance?

A

when workload is mostly GET requests

76
Q

What do you do with file names (key names) to improve performance?

A

Give files random names to avoid sequential key names

ie salt them with a hex hash prefix

77
Q

Why do sequential file names cause performance problems?

A

They can all get stored in the same index, and rapid operations can overwhelm that particular disk IO

Randomizing them spreads out the workload

78
Q

IAM Policies

Type of Access Control for accounts and users

A

AWS Account-Level Control - NO

User-Level Control - YES

79
Q

ACL’s

Type of Access Control for accounts and users

A

AWS Account-Level Control - YES

User-Level Control - NO

80
Q

Bucket Policies

Type of Access Control for accounts and users

A

AWS Account-Level Control - YES

User-Level Control - YES

AWS S3 (1 decks)

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