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AWS - Solution Architect > AWS - Infraestructura Global > Flashcards

AWS - Infraestructura Global Flashcards

1
Q

Zonas de disponibilidad y regiones de AWS

A
  • AWS está compuesta de regiones y zonas de disponibilidad.
  • Una región es una zona geográfica.
  • Una Zona de disponibilidad es un data center

AWS opera 49 zonas de disponibilidad en 18 regiones geográficas de todo el mundo

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2
Q

Región y número de zonas de disponibilidad

A

EE.UU. Este
Norte de Virginia (6), Ohio (3)

EE.UU. Oeste
Norte de California (3), Oregón (3)

Asia Pacífico
Bombay (2), Seúl (2), Singapur (2), Sídney (3), Tokio (3)

Canadá
Central (2)

China
Pekín (2), Ningxia (2)

Europa
Fráncfort (3), Irlanda (3), Londres (2), París (3)

América del Sur
São Paulo (3)

AWS GovCloud (US-West) (2)

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3
Q

Alta disponibilidad a través de varias zonas de disponibilidad

A

Las zonas de disponibilidad están conectadas entre sí con redes de fibra óptica rápidas y privadas

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4
Q

Edge Location

A

Edge locations are endpoints from AWS wich are used for caching. Tipically consist of CloudFront, Aws’s Content Delivery Network (CDN)

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5
Q

Ubicaciones de borde de red de AWS

A

América del Norte
Ubicaciones de borde: Ashburn, VA (3); Atlanta GA (3); Boston, MA; Chicago, IL (2); Dallas/Fort Worth, TX (4); Denver, CO; Hayward, CA; Jacksonville, FL; Los Angeles, CA (2); Miami, FL (2); Minneapolis, MN; Montreal, QC; Nueva York, NY (3); Newark, NJ (2); Palo Alto, CA; Phoenix, AZ; Filadelfia, PA; San Jose, CA; Seattle, WA (3); South Bend, IN; St. Louis, MO; Toronto, ON

Cachés de borde regionales: Norte de Virginia, Ohio, Oregón

América del Sur
Ubicaciones de borde: Río de Janeiro, Brasil; São Paulo, Brasil (2)

Europa/Oriente Medio/África
Ubicaciones de borde: Ámsterdam, Países Bajos (2); Berlín, Alemania; Dublín, Irlanda; Fráncfort, Alemania (6); Helsinki, Finlandia; Londres, Inglaterra (5); Madrid, España (2); Mánchester, Inglaterra; Marsella, Francia; Milán, Italia; Múnich, Alemania; Palermo, Italia; París, Francia (3); Praga, República Checa; Estocolmo, Suecia (3); Viena, Austria; Varsovia, Polonia; y Zúrich, Suiza.

Asia Pacífico
Ubicaciones de borde: Chennai, India; Hong Kong, China (3); Kuala Lumpur, Malasia; Manila, Filipinas; Melbourne, Australia; Mumbai, India (2); Nueva Delhi, India; Osaka, Japón; Seúl, Corea del Sur (3); Singapur (2); Sídney, Australia; Taipei, Taiwán; Tokio, Japón (5)

Cachés de borde regional: Mumbai, India; Seúl, Corea del Sur; Singapur; Sídney, Australia; Tokio, Japón

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6
Q

Exam Tips:

Understand difference between a Region, Availability Zone (AZ) and Edge Location

A
  • A Region is a physical location in the World which consist of two or more AZ an Edge Locations.
  • Availability Zone (AZ) is one or more discrete data centes, each with redundant power, networking and connectivity, housed in separate facilities.
  • Edge Location are endpoints from AWS wich are used for caching. Tipically consist of CloudFront, Aws’s Content Delivery Network (CDN)
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7
Q

Which of the following does Amazon S3 provide?

A - A highly encrypted virtual disk in the cloud
B - A highly-scalable cloud storage
C - A virtual server in the cloud
D - A transient storage in the cloud

A

Amazon S3 provides Scalable Storage in the Cloud. Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) is object storage with a simple web service interface to store and retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the web. It is designed to deliver 99.999999999% durability, and scale past trillions of objects worldwide.

B

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8
Q

Where is an object stored in Amazon S3?

A - in a Collector
B - in an Archive
C - in a Bucket
D - in a Vault

A

C - In a Bucket

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9
Q

____________ is a fast, flexible, fully managed pub/sub messaging service.

A - Amazon FPS
B - Amazon SES
C - Amazon SQS
D - Amazon SNS

A

Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) is a fast, flexible, fully managed push messaging service. Amazon SNS makes it simple and cost-effective to push to mobile devices such as iPhone, iPad, Android, Kindle Fire, and internet connected smart devices, as well as pushing to other distributed services.

D - Amazon SNS

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10
Q

What does RRS stand, in the context of S3 services?

A - Regional Rights Storage
B - Regional Rights Standard
C - Reduced Redundancy Storage
D - Redundancy Removal System

A

In Amazon S3, RRS stands for Reduced Redundancy Storage. Reduced redundancy storage stores objects on multiple devices across multiple facilities, providing 400 times the durability of a typical disk drive, but it does not replicate objects as many times as Amazon S3 standard storage. In addition, reduced redundancy storage is designed to sustain the loss of data in a single facility.

C - Reduced Redundancy Storage

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11
Q

Which AWS service offers cost optimization by launching instances automatically only when needed?

Relational Database Service
Elastic Load Balancing
Auto Scaling
Elastic Compute Cloud

A

AWS Auto Scaling can launch instances based on certain criteria. This provides cost optimization to the user as it will only launch the instance when required, thereby resulting in cost saving.
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AutoScaling/latest/DeveloperGuide/WhatIsAutoScaling.html

Auto Scaling

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12
Q

A user is launching an instance with EC2. Which options below should the user consider before launching an instance?

Select the instance type.
All choices are correct.
Select the OS of the AMI.
Select the region where the instance is being launched.

A

Regarding Amazon EC2, when launching an instance, the user needs to select the region the instance would be launched from. While launching, the user needs to plan for the instance type and the OS of the instance.

All choices are correct.

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13
Q

What is the maximum size of an object in Amazon S3?

A - 200 GB
B - 5 TB
C - 4 TB
D - 500 MB

A

5TB is the maximum size of an object in Amazon S3.

The total volume of data and number of objects you can store are unlimited. Individual Amazon S3 objects can range in size from a minimum of 0 bytes to a maximum of 5 terabytes. The largest object that can be uploaded in a single PUT is 5 gigabytes. For objects larger than 100 megabytes, customers should consider using the Multipart Upload capability.
http://aws.amazon.com/s3/faqs/#How_much_data_can_I_store

B

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14
Q

Which choice is a storage option supported by Amazon EC2?

A

Amazon EC2 supports the following storage options:

Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) 
Amazon EC2 Instance Store 
Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3)
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15
Q

Elastic Load Balancing automatically distributes incoming traffic across multiple _____ instances.

A - DB
B - RDS
C - EC2
D - M3

A

C - EC2

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16
Q

The Amazon Linux AMI is:

A - a supported and maintained Linux image provided by AWS.
B - an instance package provided by the AWS.
C - a simple OS installation media.
D - a refined, easy-to-use, up-to-date Linux desktop distribution.

A

The Amazon Linux AMI is a supported and maintained Linux image provided by AWS. It is updated on a regular basis to include the latest components, and these updates are also made available in the yum repositories for installation on running instances. The Amazon Linux AMI also Includes packages that enable easy integration with AWS services, such as the AWS CLI, Amazon EC2 API and AMI tools, the Boto library for Python, and the Elastic Load Balancing tools.

A - a supported and maintained Linux image provided by AWS.

17
Q

What does Amazon EC2 provide?

A - Domain Name System (DNS)
B - A platform to run code (Java, PHP, Python), paying on an hourly basis
C - A physical computing environment
D - Virtual Server Hosting

A

D - Virtual Server Hosting

18
Q

In EC2, what happens to the data in an instance store if an instance reboots (either intentionally or unintentionally)?

A - Data is deleted from the instance store for security reasons.
B - Data in the instance store will be lost.
C - Data is partially present in the instance store.
D - Data persists in the instance store.

A

The data in an instance store persists only during the lifetime of its associated instance. If an instance reboots (intentionally or unintentionally), data in the instance store persists. However, data on instance store volumes is lost under the following circumstances.

Failure of an underlying drive
The instance is stopped
Terminating an instance

D - Data persists in the instance store.

19
Q

A user has launched five instances and have registered them with an ELB. How can the user add the sixth EC2 instance to the ELB?

A - The user can add the sixth instance on the fly through API, CLI or the AWS Management Console.
B - The user must stop the ELB and add the sixth instance.
C - The user can add the instance and change the ELB config file.
D - The ELB can only have a maximum of five instances.

A

Elastic Load Balancing automatically distributes incoming traffic across multiple EC2 instances. You create a load balancer and register instances with the load balancer in one or more Availability Zones. The load balancer serves as a single point of contact for clients. This enables you to increase the availability of your application. You can add and remove EC2 instances from your load balancer as your needs change, without disrupting the overall flow of information.
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/ElasticLoadBalancing/latest/DeveloperGuide/SvcIntro.html

A - The user can add the sixth instance on the fly through API, CLI or the AWS Management Console.

20
Q

What is a “vault” in Amazon Glacier?

A - An on-demand delivery of IT resources and applications via the Internet with pay-as-you-go pricing
B - A free tier available for 12 months following your AWS sign-up date
C - A way to group archives together in Amazon Glacier
D - A container for storing S3 buckets

A

An Amazon Glacier vault is a container in which you can organize and manage your archives.
You store data in Amazon Glacier as an archive. Each archive is assigned a unique archive ID that can later be used to retrieve the data. An archive can represent a single file or you may choose to combine several files to be uploaded as a single archive. You upload archives into vaults. Vaults are collections of archives that you use to organize your data.

C - A way to group archives together in Amazon Glacier

21
Q 
Which of the following size ranges is true of Individual Amazon S3 objects?
A - 1 byte to 5 gigabytes
B - 100 megabytes to 5 gigabytes
C - 0 bytes to 5 terabytes
D - 5 gigabytes to 5 terabytes
A

The total volume of data and number of objects you can store are unlimited. Individual Amazon S3 objects can range in size from 0 bytes to 5 terabytes.

https://aws.amazon.com/s3/faqs/

C - 0 bytes to 5 terabytes

22
Q

What does Amazon RDS perform?

A - It blocks users from creating DB instances.
B - It manages the work involved in setting up a relational database.
C - It provides sensory feedback.
D - It tests the functionalities in websites.

A

Amazon RDS manages the work involved in setting up a relational database: from provisioning the infrastructure capacity you request to installing the database software.

B - It manages the work involved in setting up a relational database.

23
Q

A block device is a storage device that moves data in sequences. How many types of block devices does Amazon EC2 support?
A - 3 - SSD, HDD, and Magnetic
B - 2 - instance store volumes and EBS volumes
C - 1 - instance store volumes
D - 5 - General Purpose SSD, Provisioned IOPS SSD, Throughput Optimized HDD, Cold HDD, and Magnetic

A

A block device is a storage device that moves data in sequences of bytes or bits (blocks). These devices support random access and generally use buffered I/O. Examples include hard disks, CD-ROM drives, and flash drives. A block device can be physically attached to a computer or accessed remotely as if it were physically attached to the computer. Amazon EC2 supports two types of block devices:

Amazon EC2 supports two types of block devices.

    Instance store volumes (virtual devices whose underlying hardware is physically attached to the host computer for the instance)
    EBS volumes (remote storage devices)

The SSD, HDD and Magnetic choices are all options for the type of storage offered via EBS volumes. They are not types of block devices.
http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/block-device-mapping-concepts.html

B - 2 - instance store volumes and EBS volumes

24
Q

What was the recommended use case for S3 Reduced Redundancy storage before its deprecation was planned?
A - It was used to reduce storage costs for reproducible data at high levels of redundancy in a single facility .
B - It was used to reduce storage costs for noncritical data at lower levels of redundancy.
C - It was used to reduce storage costs by allowing you to destroy any copy of your files outside a specific jurisdiction.
D - It was used to reduce storage costs by providing 500 times the durability of a typical disk drive at lower levels of redundancy.

A

Reduced Redundancy Storage (RRS) was introduced In order to reduce storage costs. When first developed, you could use reduced redundancy storage for noncritical, reproducible data at lower levels of redundancy than Amazon S3 provides with standard storage.

Now Standard is a more affordable from a cost perspective, because Amazon is deprecating RRS and has changed the pricing structure.

B - It was used to reduce storage costs for noncritical data at lower levels of redundancy.

25
Q

Which of the following programming languages is not supported by Amazon’s Elastic Beanstalk?

A - Java
B - Perl
C - Ruby
D - Node.js

A

AWS Elastic Beanstalk web server environment tiers support applications developed in Java, PHP, .NET, Node.js, Python, and Ruby as well as different container types for each language. Worker environments are supported for all platforms except .NET.

B - Perl

26
Q

The billing process for Amazon EC2 instances was updated as of October 2, 2017. Which of the following statements is true regarding how you pay for Amazon EC2 instances? (Choose 2 answers)

A - You pay for compute capacity by the day; hours are billed in proportion.
B - You can pay per hour or per second, depending on the instance type.
C - You can pay for compute capacity by the hour only.
D - You can pay per hour or per second, depending on the instance AMI’s operating system.

A

Previously, if you launched an instance for 5 minutes, you would pay for 1 hour. If you launched an instance for 45 minutes, you would also pay for 1 hour. This means that partial hours cost as much as one full hour. Pricing is per instance-hour consumed for each instance, from the time an instance is launched until it is terminated or stopped. Each partial instance-hour consumed will be billed as a full hour.

With EC2 services now billed per-second in some cases, as well as per-hour in others as of October 2, 2017, there is more to consider. Amazon AWS is still based on the concept of pay-as-you-go. You pay Amazon EC2 instances by the second for all instance types except Dedicated Host, which is still billed per instance-hour. You are billed per second when using Linux operating systems with no separate hourly charge, and billed per hour when using Windows operating systems.

http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/pricing/

A - You pay for compute capacity by the day; hours are billed in proportion.
B - You can pay per hour or per second, depending on the instance type.

27
Q

Do Amazon EBS volumes persist independently from the running life of an Amazon EC2 instance?
A - No, you cannot attach EBS volumes to an instance.
B - No, they are dependent.
C - Yes, they do but only if they are detached from the instance.
D - Yes, they do, if the Delete on termination flag is unset.

A

An Amazon EBS volume behaves like a raw, unformatted, external block device that you can attach to a single instance. The volume persists independently from the running life of an Amazon EC2 instance.

http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/Storage.html

D - Yes, they do, if the Delete on termination flag is unset.

28
Q

In regard to AWS CloudFormation, to pass values to your template at runtime you should use ____________.

A - parameters
B - conditions
C - mapping
D - resources

A

Optional parameters are listed in the Parameters section. Parameters enable you to pass values to your template at runtime, and can be dereferenced in the Resources and Outputs sections of the template.

http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/concept-template.html

A - parameters

29
Q

Spot instances are ideally designed for which purpose below?
A - For building distributed fault tolerant databases under a tight deadline.
B - Running long duration and highly transactional applications.
C - Running database instances that can scale up and down based on a specific workload.
D - Taking advantage of excess EC2 capacity at prices below standard on-demand rates, for short duration jobs.

A

There are four general categories of time-flexible and interruption-tolerant tasks that work well with Spot Instances: Delayable tasks, Optional tasks, Tasks that can be sped up by adding additional computing power and at the end, Tasks that require a large number of compute instances that you can’t access any other way.

http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/spot-instances/

D - Taking advantage of excess EC2 capacity at prices below standard on-demand rates, for short duration jobs.

AWS - Solution Architect (3 decks)

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