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Matt AWS > AWS Developer > Flashcards

AWS Developer Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of IAM Roles?

A
  1. AWS Resources (Delegation)
  2. Cross Accounts (permissions to IAM users across AWS accounts)
  3. Federated Identity
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2
Q

What is an IAM Role Federation?

A

The use of and external IdP (Identity Provider) for authentication of the user.

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3
Q

What is an IdP?

A

Identity Provider - Can be used for authentication in applications.

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4
Q

What is a Policy?

A

A JSON document that states the permissions that can be applied to IAM users, groups, roles, or resources.

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5
Q

What are Inline Policies?

A

A policy created for a specific user, group, or role.

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6
Q

What are Managed Policies?

A

Policies that are either built-in AWS policies or customer created. Any update to an existing managed policy will create a new policy.

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7
Q

What is STS?

A

Security Token Service - An AWS web service that provides dynamic temporary security credentials from an IAM user or for a federated user like in Web Identity Federation (granted from IdPs).

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8
Q

What is a Private Cloud?

A

Infrastructure and application services provided from secured remote facilities for IT services on-demand that is controlled by a single organization. This requires manual upgrades by the staff and data center infrastructure.

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9
Q

What is a Public Cloud?

A

Infrastructure and application services provided from secured remote facilities for IT services on-demand that is accessible to the public for subscription. Services are provided in a “pay as you go” model and resources tend to be unlimited. This is what AWS is.

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10
Q

What is an ARN

A

Amazon Resource Name - A formatted string to identify resources in AWS.

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11
Q

What is MFA?

A

Multi-Factor Authentication - A User setting to require a 6 digit authentication code that is provided through security hardware, software, or SMS.

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12
Q

What is PaaS?

A

Platform as a Service - A development environment is provided by a third party.

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13
Q

What is IaaS?

A

Infrastructure as a Service - Hardware or computing services provided by a third party.

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14
Q

What is Elasticity?

A

The ability to add or remove resources based on demand.

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15
Q

What is Scalability?

A

The ability add resources to an existing instance (scale up) or in parallel to an existing instance (scale out).

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16
Q

What is IAM?

A

Identity and Access Management.

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17
Q

What is NACL?

A

Network Access Control List are inbound and outbound network traffic rules applied at the subnet level.

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18
Q

What is a Security Group?

A

Inbound and outbound network traffic rules applied to EC2 instances in a VPC.

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19
Q

What is VGW?

A

Virtual Private Gateway

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20
Q

What is CGW?

A

Customer Gateway

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21
Q

What is CIDR?

A

A set of IP standards used to create a unique identity for a network.

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22
Q

What is Egress Traffic?

A

Outbound network traffic.

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23
Q

What is IGW?

A

Internet Gateway - a virtual router in a VPC for EC2 instances to communicate to the internet.

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24
Q

What is MAC?

A

Media Access Control address.

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25
Q

What is a Route Table?

A

A set of rules for a VPC that determines how network traffic is routed within it.

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26
Q

What is an Egress-Only IGW?

A

A virtual router which only works with IPv6 for EC2 instances to have access to the internet, but the EC2 instances are not available from the internet.

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27
Q

What is NAT?

A

Network Access Translation - a virtual router or gateway in a VPC that enables an instance in a private subnet to interact with the internet.

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28
Q

What is an AZ?

A

Availability Zone - The location of the AWS servers within a regions. Each region has 2 or more Availability Zones.

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29
Q

What is DHCP?

A

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - dynamically assigns IP addresses to instances in a VPC

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30
Q

What is DNS?

A

Domain Name Server - used to translate domain names to an IP address and provide configuration information to instances within a network

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31
Q

What is VPC Peering?

A

Used to connect two different VPCs within the same region for routing traffic between them using IPv4 or IPv6 address, so that the VPCs can communicate with each other.

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32
Q

What is VPC Endpoint?

A

A service that sets up a private connection between different AWS services without going through communication gateways (IGW, NAT, VPN Connection,…)

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33
Q

What is Instance Store for an EC2?

A

Temporary storage, which uses ephemeral block storage, where the data gets wiped out if the EC2 is stopped or terminated.

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34
Q

What is EBS?

A

Elastic Block Storage - Used to persistent storage for EC2 instances.

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35
Q

What is an AMI?

A

An image or template to create EC2 instances from.

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36
Q

What is Lifecycle Management?

A

A tool in S3 that provides the ability to transition an object from one storage class to another

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37
Q

What is RDS?

A

Relational Database Services - A database service, which automatically handles the hardware and database patches for particular databases.

38
Q

What is ADFS?

A

Active Directory Federation Service - uses Active Directory to get temporary credentials (STS).

39
Q

What is the ADFS API call?

A

AssumeRoleWithSAML

40
Q

What is the Web Identity Federation call?

A

AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity

41
Q

What is a Global Secondary Index (GSI) in DynamoDB?

A

An Index that can contain a partition key and a sort key that are not in the primary key and can span across all table partitions.

42
Q

What is a Local Secondary Index (LSI) in DynamoDB?

A

An Index that contains the partition key of the base table, but can have a different sort key.

43
Q

What is an SNS topic?

A

An access point between the publishing server and the subscribers to push messages to.

44
Q

What is CloudFormation?

A

The service provides the ability to script through code the creation of a cloud infrastructure.

45
Q

What is a CloudFormation Template (CFT)

A

The scripted program in JSON or YAML that is used to setup a new cloud infrastructure.

46
Q

What is Elastic Beanstalk?

A

A service for web applications that handles the creation of the appropriate infrastructure.

47
Q

What is Lambda?

A

A serverless compute service for running code or functions.

48
Q

What is the required section in a Template of Cloud Formation?

A

Resources

49
Q

How many days can an RDS instance be stopped.

A

7

50
Q

What is the maximum size of an item in a Dynamo DB table?

A

400 KB

51
Q

What is CORS?

A

Cross Origin Resource Sharing - Allows access from a client web application to resources hosted on a another domain, mainly to access S3 files. By default this access is prevented by web browsers, but this can be addressed through an XML document on the S3 bucket.

52
Q

What is an IAM Role?

A

An IAM entity that enforces one or more Policies.

53
Q

What is an ELB?

A

Elastic Load Balancer - An AWS Service to automatically distribute incoming network or application traffic to be processed accross multiple EC2 instances.

54
Q

What is a Sticky Session or Session Affinity in an ELB?

A

A setting to consistently route traffic from a particular user to the same target instance.

55
Q

What is the largest object size supported by S3?

A

5 TB

56
Q

What is the billing unit for running a Lambda function?

A

100 milliseconds

57
Q

What is AWS Storage Gateway?

A

A service to connect on-premise environments with cloud storage through software.

58
Q

What is CloudFront?

A

A content delivery network across the globe that caches data in different locations for speeding up transfer of data.

59
Q

What is EFS?

A

Elastic File System - A file storage service which can be used with multiple EC2 instances through NFS mounts, but it is not accessible through Windows based EC2 instances.

60
Q

How many S3 buckets can an AWS account have?

A

100, but Amazon can be contacted to increase the limit.

61
Q

What is the S3 Data Consistency policy.

A

For puts of new objects Read After Write Consistency. For overwrite puts and deletes, Eventual Consistency.

62
Q

What is Route 53?

A

An AWS DNS for routing user to AWS services or non-AWS infrastructure.

63
Q

What is SWF?

A

Simple Workflow Service - A workflow management service for building applications that can handle work through multiple resources.

64
Q

What Amazon Services are offered at no cost.

A

Auto Scaling, Amazon VPC

65
Q

How many DynamoDB tables are initially allowed for an account?

A

256

66
Q

What is the default Visibility Timeout set to in SQS?

A

30 seconds

67
Q

How large are the data chunks are SQS messages billed at?

A

64 KB

68
Q

How long can a SWF workflow task live?

A

1 year

69
Q

How long can a SQS message remain in the queue?

A

14 days

70
Q

How long can a message be made invisible to workers in SQS?

A

12 hours

71
Q

Name 4 supported languages by the AWS SDK.

A 
Java
.Net
Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
C++
72
Q

What is Server-Side Encryption?

A

Use the Amazon server to encrypt an object or data before saving it and then decrypting it when downloading.

73
Q

What is Client-Side Encryption?

A

Encrypting data or object client-side and uploading the encrypted data or object to AWS (S3). This requires manual management of the encryption process and encryption keys.

74
Q

What is the default timeout for a Lambda function?

A

3 seconds

75
Q

What is long polling in SQS?

A

Long polling is a setting through ReceiveMessageWaitTimeSeconds where a response returned when a message arrives in the SQS queue or it has timed out. This is done to save money over immediate return or short polling.

76
Q

How many SQS messages are available per month in the free tier?

A

1 million

77
Q

What is the general primary key strategy for Dynamo DB tables?

A

Many to few principle.

78
Q

How many secondary indexes are allowed on a Dynamo DB table?

A

10 - 5 local secondary and 5 global secondary

79
Q

What is the EC2 API call to retrieve a list of AMIs.

A

DescribeImages

80
Q

Can SWF Tasks be assigned more than once?

A

No

81
Q

What is the maximum number of Topics allowed per account for SNS?

A

100,000

82
Q

What is the maximum size limit for a EC2 Instance Store?

A

10 GB

83
Q

What is the AWS Direct Connect service?

A

Provides a dedicated private connection from a remote network to your PC.

84
Q

What is the maximum number of SWF activity types?

A

10,000

85
Q

What is SES?

A

Simple Email Service

86
Q

What is the max limit of parameters for a Cloud Formation Template?

A

60

87
Q

What is the maximum number of open SWF activity tasks?

A

1000

88
Q

What is the maximum number of subnets for a VPC?

A

200

89
Q

What is the maximum number parameters allowed in a CloudFormation Template?

A

60

90
Q

What is a Placement Group?

A

Determines how instances are deployed on the underlying hardware (hypervisor) as Cluster or Spread.

91
Q

What is Spot Pricing for instances?

A

Instances are deployed when the pricing for the instance type reaches an agreed pricing.

Matt AWS (2 decks)

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