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AWS Developer Cheat Sheets > AWS: Compute > Flashcards

AWS: Compute Flashcards

1
Q

With ________ you launch virtual server instances on the AWS Cloud.

A

Amazon EC2

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2
Q

Key pairs are used to securely connect to EC2 instances. What do key pairs consist of?

A

a public key that AWS stores, and a private key that you store

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3
Q

________ is data that is supplied by the user at instance launch in the form of a script.

A

User data

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4
Q

_________ is data about your instance that you can use to configure or manage the running instance.

A

Instance metadata

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5
Q

True or False: User data and metadata are not encrypted.

A

True

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6
Q

Instance metadata and Instance user data are available at …?

A

Instance metadata: http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/

Instance user data: http://169.254.169.254/latest/user-data

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7
Q

The ____________ tool allows you to query the instance metadata without having to type out the full URI or category names.

A

Instance Metadata Query

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8
Q

_________ instances are ideal for short term needs or unpredictable workloads. They are charged by the hour or second, and there is no commitment.

A

On Demand

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9
Q

________ are available at up to 90% discount compared to In Demand prices. These instances are ideal for cost-sensitive, compute intensive use cases that can withstand interruption.

A

Spot Instances

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10
Q

________ instances offer significant discounts over On Demand pricing, but there is a commitment of 1 or 3 years. These instances are ideal for steady-state workloads and predictable usage.

A

Reserved

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11
Q

________ are dedicated just for your use. It is the most expensive option, and can only run one EC2 instance size and type.

A

Dedicated Hosts

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12
Q

________ are virtualized instances on hardware just for you. Uses physically dedicated EC2 servers.

A

Dedicated Instances

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13
Q

A1, T3, T3a, T2, M5, M5a, M4 instance sizes belong to the ________ instance type. _______ instances provide a balance of compute, memory, and networking resources, and can be used for a variety of diverse workloads.

A

General Purpose

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14
Q

C5, C5n, C4 instance sizes belong to the ________ instance type. These instances are ideal for compute bound applications that benefit from high performance processors.

A

Compute Optimized

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15
Q

R5, R5a, R4, X1e, X1, High Memory, z1d instance sizes belong to the __________ instance type. These instances are designed to deliver fast performance for workloads that process large data sets in memory.

A

Memory Optimized

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16
Q

P3, P2, G4, G3, F1 instance sizes belong to the _________ instance type. These instances use hardware accelerators to perform functions like floating-point number calculations, graphics processing, or data pattern matching.

A

Accelerated Computing

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17
Q

I3, I3en, D2, H1 instance sizes belong to the _______ instance type. These instances provide NVMe SSD-backed instance storage optimized for low latency, very high random I/O performance, high sequential read throughput, and provide high IOPS at a low cost.

A

Storage Optimized

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18
Q

An ______ provides the information required to launch an instance. You can only launch an ____ from the region it was stored.

A

AMI

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19
Q

Volumes attached to an AMI launched instance are either ____ or ________.

A

EBS

Instance Store

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20
Q

________ provides persistent storage. Snapshots which reside on Amazon S3 are used to create the volume.

A

Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)

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21
Q

_______ volumes are non-persistent. This means that data is lost if the instance is shut down. A template stored on Amazon S3 is used to create the volume.

A

Instance Store

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22
Q

There are three types of IP addressed that can be assigned to an EC2 instance:

A

Public: lost when instance is stopped
Private: retained when instance is stopped
Elastic IP: retained when instance is stopped

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23
Q

_______ are more secure than storing access keys and secret access keys on EC2 instances. They are easier to manage, and you can attach an ______ to an instance at launch time or by using the AWS CLI, SDK, or EC2 console.

A

IAM roles

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24
Q

True or False: EC2 status checks are performed every minute and each returns a pass or a fail status.

A

True

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25
Q

If all checks pass from an EC2 status check, the overall status is ____.
If one or more checks fail, the status is _______.

A

OK

impaired

26
Q

______________ detect problems with your instance that require AWS involvement to repair.

A

System status checks

27
Q

__________ detect problems that require your involvement to repair.

A

Instance status checks

28
Q

You can create _________ alarms that monitor EC2 instances and automatically perform an action if the status check fails.

A

CloudWatch

29
Q

A ____ is a label that you assign to an AWS resource, and is used to manage AWS assets.

A

Tag

30
Q

____________ is a highly scalable, high-performance container management service that supports Docker containers and allows you to easily run applications on a managed cluster of EC2 instances.

A

Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS)

31
Q

Using __________ you can launch and stop container-enabled applications, query the complete state of clusters, and access many familiar features like security groups, Elastic Load Balancing, EBS volumes, and IAM roles.

A

API calls

32
Q

It is possible to use _________ to handle the provisioning of an ECS cluster, balancing load, auto-scaling, monitoring, and placing your containers across your cluster.

A

Elastic Beanstalk

33
Q

An Amazon ECS launch type determines the type of infrastructure on which your tasks and services are hosted. There are two launch types:

A

Fargate

EC2

34
Q

The _______ ECS launch type allows you to run containerized applications without the need to provision and manage backend infrastructure.

A

Fargate

35
Q

The _____ ECS launch type allows you to run your containerized applicaitons on a cluster of EC2 instances that you manage.

A

EC2

36
Q

_______ are a logical grouping of container instances that you can place tasks on. A default is created, but you can then create multiple to separate resources.

A

ECS Clusters

37
Q

True or False: Clusters are region-specific.

A

True

38
Q

______ are created from a read-only template called an image which as the instructions for creating a Docker container.

A

Containers

39
Q

______ are built from a Dockerfile. They are stored in a registry such as DockerHub or AWS Elastic Container Registry (ECR).

A

Images

40
Q

True or False: Docker containers are not supported on ECS.

A

False.

Only Docker containers are supported on ECS.

41
Q

______ is a managed AWS Docker registry service that is secure, scalable, and reliable. It supports private Docker repositories with resource-based permissions using AWS IAM in order to access repositories and images.

A

ECR

42
Q

We can use the ______ to push, pull, and manage images.

A

Docker CLI

43
Q

A ________ is a text file in JSON format that describes one or more containers, and uses Docker images to launch containers.

A

Task Definition

44
Q

True or False: A task definition is required to run Docker containers in Amazon ECS.

A

True

45
Q

A ___________ is an algorithm for selecting instances for task placement or tasks for termination. They can be specified when either running a task or creating a new service.

A

task placement strategy

46
Q

Amazon ECS supports which task placement strategies?

A

binpack: place tasks based on the least available amount of CPU/memory
random: place tasks randomly
spread: place tasks evenly based on the specified value

47
Q

__________ are expressions that enable you to group objects.

A

Cluster queries

48
Q

Amazon ECS service can optionally be configured to use ___________ to adjust the desired task count up or down automatically.

A

Service Auto Scaling

49
Q

_____________ is a fully-managed Docker container registry that makes it easy for developers to store, manage, and deploy Docker container images.

A

Amazon Elastic Container Registry (ECR)

50
Q

___________ automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple targets, such as Amazon EC2 instances, containers, and IP addresses.

A

Elastic Load Balancing

51
Q

There are three types of Elastic Load Balancer (ELB) on AWS:

A

Classic Load Balancer (CLB) – this is the oldest of the three and provides basic load balancing at both layer 4 and layer 7 (TCP/SSL/HTTP/HTTPS).

Application Load Balancer (ALB) – layer 7 (HTTP/HTTPS) load balancer that routes connections based on the content of the request.

Network Load Balancer (NLB) – layer 4 (TCP) load balancer that routes connections based on IP protocol data.

52
Q

___________ control the ports and protocols that can reach the front end listener.

A

Security groups

53
Q

__________ monitors your applications and automatically adjusts capacity to maintain steady, predictable performance at the lowest possible cost.

A

AWS Auto Scaling

54
Q

The services within the AWS Auto Scaling family include:

A

Amazon EC2 (known as Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling)
Amazon ECS
Amazon DynamoDB
Amazon Aurora

55
Q

True or False: Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling helps you ensure that you have the correct number of Amazon EC2 instances available to handle the load for your application.

A

True

56
Q

Auto Scaling provides ______ scaling for your instances.

A

horizontal scaling (scale-out)

57
Q

__________ is a serverless compute service that runs your code in response to events and automatically manages the underlying compute resources for you.

A

AWS Lambda

58
Q

You can use ________ to extend other AWS services with custom logic, or create your own back-end services that operate at AWS scale, performance, and security.

A

AWS Lambda

59
Q

AWS Lambda can automatically run code in response to multiple events, such as …

A

HTTP requests via Amazon API Gateway

modifications to objects in Amazon S3 buckets

table updates in Amazon DynamoDB

and state transitions in AWS Step Functions

60
Q

With AWS Lambda, you are charged based on …

A

the number of requests for your functions and the time it takes for your code to execute.

AWS Developer Cheat Sheets (9 decks)

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