AVS 1113 Midterm Basic Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial

A

Towards the head

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2
Q

Caudal

A

Toward the rear end

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3
Q

Ventral

A

Relates to the underside of an animal (Chest and abdomen)

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4
Q

Sternal

A

The Sternum

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5
Q

What can be used interchangeably

A

Sternal and ventral

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6
Q

Dorsal

A

Relates to the back of an animal

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7
Q

Medial

A

Towards the Midline

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8
Q

Midline

A

A medial line, especially the medial line or plane of the body divides the body into equal half

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9
Q

Lateral

A

Toward the side (away from the midline)

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10
Q

Recumbency

A

Lying down

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11
Q

Proximal

A

Towards the torso

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12
Q

Distal

A

Away from the torso

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13
Q

What is Juglar vein

A

Neck

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14
Q

What is the Cephalic Vein

A

Thoracic (front) Limbs

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15
Q

What is Saphenous

A

Pelvic (back) Limbs

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16
Q

What’s the difference between Thoracic vs pelvic limb

A

Thoracic is the front legs
Pelvic is the back legs

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17
Q

Skeletal System (Axial Vs Appendicular)

A
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18
Q

Axial

A

Bones found on the midline or attached to it (ribs skull vertebral column and sternum)

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19
Q

Appendicular

A

Bones of the limbs (humerus femur)

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20
Q

What does this system Include

A

All bones and joints of the body

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21
Q

What is the function

A

-Support soft tissues of the body
-Protect vital organs (Heart)
- act as levers for muscle attachment
-store minerals
-produce blood cells

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22
Q

Muscular System - Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac

A
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23
Q

Skeletal

A

voluntary (attached to bones to cause movement), ie biceps triceps hamstrings
- Function is it produces movement of entire body or parts

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24
Q

Smooth

A

involuntary, ie arteries veins GIT reproductive system bladder
- Function is it maintains posture

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25
Cardiac
Involuntary, heart muscles Function is it produces heat
26
What does the Cardiovascular system include
Heart and blood vessels
27
What is an Artery
Carry blood away from the heart Function: heart pumps blood to all parts of the body
28
What are veins
carry blood back to the heart, Deoxygenated Function: heart made of 4 chambers right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle
29
Nostrils
external opening for air to enter/exit
30
Nasal cavity
warms, moistens, filters air
31
Larynx
passageway, vocal folds, covers trachea when swallowing
32
Trachea
passageway, connects larynx to lungs
33
Lungs
gas exchange
34
Mouth
chewing (mastication)
35
Esophagus
moves food from mouth to stomach
36
Stomach
mixes food with digestive enzymes
37
Small intestines
digestion, absorption
38
Large intestines
absorbs water
39
Rectum/Anus
exit route for eliminations
40
Ingestion (mouth)
taking in food, swallowing
41
Digestion (stomach)
breaking down food via mechanical and digestive enzymes
42
Peristalsis (intestines)
series of involuntary muscle contractions that move food
43
Absorption (intestines)
absorption of nutrients, minerals, and water
44
Defecation (rectum/large intestines)
pooping
45
Herbivore
plats ex rabbit, cattle, horse, sheep, goat
46
Carnivore
meat ex cat tiger +/- dog
47
Omnivore
plant and meat-eating animal ex rats pigs humans dogs
48
Integument system ( What does it include)
-skin -coat/hair -horns, claws, hooves, nails
49
Integument system (What is its fuctions)
-protective barrier -site for vitamin d synthesis -sense organ: touch pain temperature, itch, physical and chemical stimuli - contains many glands and nerve receptors: sweat glands, heat receptor, pressure receptor, melanocytes
50
Urinary system (What does it Include)
-kidney -Ureters -Bladder - Urethra
51
What is the function of kidney
Filters blood and removes wastes
52
Function of Ureters
Transports urine to bladder
53
Function of Bladder
Collects/stores urine
54
Urethra
transport urine from bladder for excretion (and semen in males)
55
Compare and contrast the different repro. organs and its functions between male and female
56
Males
Testicles: produces sperm, vas deferens (ductus deferens): connects testicles to urethra, accessory sex glands (prostate): produce semen (transport medium), penis: houses urethra organ used for copulation
57
Female
Ovaries: produces hormones and ovum (egg), uterus: houses and nourishes embryo/fetus, vagina: birth canal, vulva: external genital organ
58
What is CNS
Brain and spinal cord, function: controls most Functions of the body and mind
59
What is PNS
contains of all nerves (outside of brain/spinal cord) Function: connects CNS to organs skin limbs, carries sensory and motor information to and from CNS
60