AVS 101 - Exam 1

Question 1

Buck

Answer 1

Mature Male Goat

Question 2

Doe

Answer 2

Mature Female goat

Question 3

Kid

Answer 3

Offspring (goat)

Question 4

Doeling

Answer 4

young female goat (unbred)

Question 5

Buckling

Answer 5

young male goat

Question 6

Wether

Answer 6

castrated male goat

Question 7

Ram

Answer 7

mature male sheep

Question 8

Ewe

Answer 8

mature female sheep

Question 9

Lamb

Answer 9

young sheep (under 1 yrs old)

Question 10

Bull

Answer 10

Intact Male cattle

Question 11

Cow

Answer 11

Mature Female

Question 12

Steer

Answer 12

Castrated male cattle

Question 13

Heifer

Answer 13

Immature Female cattle (has not had a calf)

Question 14

Calf

Answer 14

offspring (cattle)

Question 15

Utilitarianism

Answer 15

an action concerning animals is right if and only if it produces the most overall happiness for all available action (happiness is the only consequence that matters)

Question 16

Kantianism

Answer 16

the moral work or actions involving animals depends only on your intentions

Question 17

Animal Rights

Answer 17

a philosophy of the standing of animals in relation to human society.
Some people who support this say that no animal use is right

Question 18

Animal Welfare

Answer 18

concerned with the care and well being of animals while providing for human needs.

Question 19

Genome

Answer 19

all of the genetic material in an organism

Question 20

Allele

Answer 20

various forms of a given gene

Question 21

An animal that has different alleles is ____________?

Answer 21

heterozygous (Aa)

Question 22

An animal that has matching alleles at a given point on the chromosome (locus) is __________?

Answer 22

homozygous (AA)

Question 23

Gene

Answer 23

the basic unit of inheritance

Question 24

What does Scrapie do?

Answer 24

causes neurological disorders in sheep

Question 25

What is the infective agent of Scrapie

Answer 25

prion

Question 26

How does scrapie transmit?

Answer 26

"birth fluids"

Question 27

estrous cycle length for sheep (Ovis Aries)

Answer 27

17 days

Question 28

estrous cycle length for goat (Capra Hircus)

Answer 28

21 days

Question 29

estrous cycle beef cattle

Answer 29

21 days

Question 30

gestation period of sheep and goats

Answer 30

150 days

Question 31

gestation period of cattle

Answer 31

283 days

Question 32

normal body temp of sheep

Answer 32

100.9 -103.8 degrees F

Question 33

normal body temp of goat

Answer 33

101.3 - 103.5 degrees f

Question 34

normal body temp of cattle

Answer 34

101.5 degrees F. but there are fairly diverse ranges (98-102.4)

Question 35

3 largest importers of lamb

Answer 35

1. china 2. india 3. australia

Question 36

#1 for exports of sheep meat as well as wool production

Answer 36

australia

Question 37

Top states for sheep production

Answer 37

texas and california

Question 38

Majority of cattle feeding is done in relatively what few states (80%)

Answer 38

Texas Kansas Nebraska Colorado

Question 39

products produced by sheep

Answer 39

dairy, meat, wool, fiber

Question 40

products produced by goat

Answer 40

dairy (milk, cheese), meat

Question 41

products produced by cattle

Answer 41

beef, dairy

Question 42

artificial selection

Answer 42

selective breeding where humans choose their reproductive lifestyle to benefit them

Question 43

natural selection

Answer 43

differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype

Question 44

Bloat

Answer 44

caused by excessive gas accumulation in the rumen

Question 45

list the 5 freedoms

Answer 45

Freedom from thirst, hunger, and malnutrition Freedom from discomfort and exposure Freedom from pain, injury, and disease Freedom from fear and distress Freedom to express natural behavior

Question 46

how can we use the 5 freedoms to improve animal care and management

Answer 46

if you make sure of the 5 freedoms, you can assure that the animal is meeting the requirements for animal welfare

Question 47

how can we measure stress in animals

Answer 47

cortisol, oxytocin, Heart rate variability, and psychological well being

Question 48

goats lactation period length

Answer 48

284 days Peak lactation: 4-6 weeks after kidding

Question 49

T or F: goats and sheep are naturally short day breeders and come into heat during the fall.

Answer 49

true

Question 50

T or F: Cattle come into heat year round

Answer 50

true

Question 51

Know that there are breeds of sheep that are used for wool (merinos having the finest wool) while other breeds are hair sheep and CAN NOT be used for wool production.

Question 52

how can we tell the age of sheep

Answer 52

their teeth

Question 53

What breed of goat produces the most milk?

Answer 53

the Saanen

Question 54

Which breed of goat has the most protein and fat in its milk?

Answer 54

the nigerian dwarf

Question 55

What is the most popular breed of beef cattle in the US?

Answer 55

red angus

Question 56

what is the difference between Bos taurus and Bos indicus

Answer 56

bos indicus has a fatty hump on their shoulders, drooping ears and a large dewlap. Bos Taurus are breeds that originated in Europe; Bos Indicus are breeds that originated from tropical countries, including Asia, Africa, and India.

Question 57

what types of operations make up the beef industry

Answer 57

seedstock production, commercial cow calf production, yearling or stocker operators, and feedlot operations

Question 58

what occurs during seedstock production

Answer 58

the goal is to produce breeding stock

Question 59

what occurs during commercial cow calf production

Answer 59

Produce calves that will be marketed Sold to stocker or feed lot at weaning 6-10 months old 300-700 lbs Goal: Produce the heaviest calves possible with the least cost

Question 60

what occurs during yearling or stocker operators

Answer 60

Grow calves to heavier weights on low-priced forage before the calves enter the feedlot Purchase calves from cow - calf producers and grow them during specific season

Question 61

what occurs during feedlot operations

Answer 61

Finishing phase 600-850 lb cattle are finished to market weight + condition May range from 900-1400 lbs at slaughter Average time cattle spend in a feedlot → approx 6 months

Question 62

what management practices are important for disease prevention in beef cattle

Answer 62

adequate nutrition, good sanitation, vaccination, and parasite control

Question 63

Scours

Answer 63

calf diarrhea caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and other noninfectious causes