Avio 202-Final Flashcards
HF uses two different radio waves. What are the two?
Sky and Ground Waves
Which radio wave uses the ionosphere?
Sky waves
Which wave follows the curvature of the earth?
Ground waves
Space waves can also be called ………….
Line of sight waves
What does FM stand for?
frequency modulation
What does AM stand for?
amplitude modulation
An aircraft must have an audio panel?
True/False
False
What type of modulation is this signal?
amplitude modulation
What type of modulation is this signal?
Frequency modulation
Greater distances is an advantage of FM.
True/False
False
Less noise is an advantage of FM.
True/False
True
Audio panel sometimes have a marker beacon receiver inside.
True/False
True
Satcom replaces HF.
True/False
True
VHF stands for…………
very high frequency
HF stands for ……………..
high frequency
Satcom stand for ………………..
satellite communications
ACARS stands for …………
aircraft communication addressing and reporting system
Blade antennas are only for VHF systems.
True/False
False
A proximity switch is a mechanical switch.
True/False
False
Does a proximity switch require adjusting?
Yes/No
Yes
What does WOW stand for?
Weight on Wheels
A proximity switch requires the surface to touch the target.
True/False
False
How does a squat switch work?
A squat switch is a mechanical switch located on an aircraft’s landing gear. When the aircraft is on the ground, the weight of the aircraft on the landing gear actuates the switch so the aircraft systems “know” that the aircraft is on the ground. When the aircraft takes off, the weight of the aircraft is removed from the landing gear and the position of the switch changes so the aircraft systems “know” that the aircraft is in flight.
What is not a signal that goes through an audio panel.
Radar
Selcal does not allows what to happen?
Allows airlines to contact all of their aircraft at one time, incase there is an emergency.
High frequency current flows to the outside on a transmission line, called skin effect. What is the name of the transmission line gives it more surface.
waveguide
Windshear gives an aural warning but no visual warning.
True/False
False
What is the difference between ADSB out and ADSB in?
ADS-B Out
Collects all data from the aircraft’s internal avionics systems along with GPS and Mode S transponder to give a complete picture of the flight’s identity and flight profile (airspeed, ground speed, heading, etc.). This summated data is transmitted via satellite from each individual aircraft to Air Traffic Control to give them a complete and detailed picture of all traffic in their air management zone.
ADS-B In
Aircraft that are separately equipped with ADS-B In are able receive and display the ADS-B Out systems installed on other aircraft in the vicinity. In effect, aircraft equipped with ADS-B In will be able to receive and display the same information about other aircraft in the vicinity as Air Traffic Control is able to.
The ADS-B system is the first system that allows pilots and Air Traffic Control to have access to the same view of traffic information.
The FAA has the requirement that most aircraft have ADSB In by 2020.
True/False
False
What is the backbone of NextGen.
ADS-B
ADS-B stands for ……………………..
automatic dependent surveillance broadcast
ADSB-Out allows aircraft to display other aircraft in their vicinity.
True/False
False
Radar basically sends a signal out and looks for an echo back. This system is used for weather radar and looking for precipitation reflected back.
True/False
True
Radar: As frequency increases, loss increases on transmission lines. To combat this, high frequency radar uses two different transmission lines. What are they?
waveguide and fiber optics
ADSB is only used on aircraft.
True/False
False
ADSB - In allows equipped aircraft to display aircraft in their vicinity.
True/False
True
The FAA requires ADS-B Out for most controlled airspace by January 1, 2021.
True/False
False
The FAA requirement for ADSB-Out is only for commercial aircraft and not for General Aviation.
True/False
False
Radars with cracked waveguides will cause ____________
spoking
When testing a weather radar, it is important to …………….
refer to the maintenance manual for restrictions and procedures
Stormscope supplies what information to the pilot.
lightning strikes
Windshear Detection compares at least three inputs, looking for excessive rate changes. What are these inputs?
Airspeed, ground speed and inertial forces
Weather Radar and TCAS need to be separate displays.
True/False
False
When testing a stormscope with a hand drill, you notice that is shows lighting strikes far away, is this normal?
Yes/No
Yes
For an aircraft radar to give the pilot a full picture of the weather, does the antenna need to scan and tilt?
Yes/No
Yes
Which manual gives you information on how the box is hooked up in the aircraft, for a GA aircraft.
Installation manual
You can use a meggar on any aircraft wiring.
True/False
False
Give an example of something you learned or was reinforced in the hangar.
Reading and interpreting wiring diagrams is a skill that we learned in 103 on the Dynon avionics setup that was reinforced in the hanger while working on the Duke. To do our ring out on the Duke, we had to compile 4 different avionics installation manuals in order to determine what was actually installed on the aircraft and how it was wired. This was substantially more complicated than the continuity checks for the Dynon setup because that came with a set of wiring diagrams that showed exactly how it was wired. For the Duke, the 4 installation manuals we referenced showed how each system could be wired to an aircraft, but not what was specifically wired on our aircraft. We had to reconcile what we were seeing on the Duke with what we found in the manuals and find connections between them.
A meggar is used for troubleshooting opens.
True/False
False
What does FIM stand for?
fault isolation manual
You are troubleshooting a system that is “inop”. That means that the system has an open.
True/False
False
You drop a screw, you search for it and cannot find it. It is not in a critical area, and should not cause any damage. It is acceptable to go back and complete your job.
True/False
False
Which manual will give you operational troubleshooting information on a GA aircraft avionics.
Avionics installation manual
On larger aircraft, like a 737, the maintenance manual includes avionics.
True/False
True
What does BITE stand for…..?
built in test equipment
Which problem is likely to cause the least amount of damage.
open/short
open
If you make a mistake, in your logbook entry, cross it out twice, and place your initials next to it.
True/False
False
Documentation should be concise and clear, so no one can misinterpret anything.
True/False
True
A TDR is only used for shorts.
True/False
False
If you need to put power on an aircraft that has not been powered up for awhile, what would be your steps to get power on after you rang out the wires.
- Remove all the circuit breakers
- Replace the circuit breaker for each system one at a time and power up that system after its respective circuit breaker has been put back in place.
- Wait at least 6 seconds after putting the circuit breaker in and powering up each system before moving on to the next one.
- During this interval, use your senses (eyes, ears, nose) to sense if anything has gone wrong with the system you just powered up.
- For example, if a short has occurred, you may hear something or smell something (like burning), which would indicate something is wrong and the power up procedure needs to stop.
You find an unmarked wire that is disconnected. You determine that the wire is no longer used, what would you do with that wire?
I would cover the exposed end of the disconnected wire with insulating material, such as heat shrink. Even though the wire is not in use, any exposed wiring could potentially cause a short. The wire should also be secured so that it doesn’t move around and potentially damage other wiring or equipment. The end of the wire also needs to be properly labeled so that anyone working on it in the future will know that it’s not in use and has been isolated.
What is the one item that will give you a full picture of how a complex system works?
Schematic
What does LRU stand for?
line replaceable unit
You have a write-up that states that when the Flap Motor CB pops. The CB popping usually indicates a ___________.
short
What is the advantage of a TDR?
The key advantage of a TDR (time domain reflectometer) is that it provides a DTF (distance to fault) measurement. With the preset velocity factor selected for the specific type of cable getting testing, a pulse TDR sends out continuous DC electronic pulses. This signal reflects back to the TDR and is displayed as impedance over the length of the table. On the display, the line graph shows impedance (total effective resistance combining pure resistive components and reactive components) on the vertical y-axis and length on the x-axis. At any point on the x-axis, a fault (open, short) or some condition in the line (sharp bend, kink, connector), will displays as a spike or drop in impedance. For example, an open would show a spike to infinite impedance and a short would show a drop to near zero impedance. Using the x-axis, the distance from the TDR to that location where the fault is located is displayed. If you know how your aircraft wiring is laid out, knowing that distance from your test point to the fault can be helping in narrowing down the exact location of the fault. Naturally, aircraft wiring does not run in straight lines. A fault at 50’ distance doesn’t mean that you’d need to walk 50’ to find it as the wiring itself is wrapped and curved along its length. The distance figure, however, can be useful to isolate the fault location as one piece of contributing evidence in the troubleshooting framework.
How can you check the wiring to the antenna, if you do not want to remove the antenna. Give an example.
Use ramp test equipment such as IFR 4000 or TIC-T-30D
Why would looking at the aircraft logbook benefit you in troubleshooting?
Troubleshooting any problem on an aircraft is a bit like diagnosing illness in a patient. Just like a doctor will need to look into the patient’s medical history, an avionics tech needs to investigate the aircraft’s history and the history of the specific problem. A logbook could provide information on a range of factors that could narrow the focus of the search or help the tech to duplicate the conditions during which the fault occurs:
- What work has been done on the aircraft–specifically any work in this area or on the faulted equipment
- When did the problem occur and at what stage of flight
- What was the aircraft doing when the fault occurred
- Did something stop working (an open possible) or did a circuit breaker pop (a short)?
Please explain the ringing out process using the aircraft frame as the return path. You are also checking for shorts.
- At test point 1, use an alligator clip and jumper cable to attach a connector pin to aircraft ground. A ground connector can be found at the avionics rack.
- At test point 2 (presumably in another location separate from test point 1), the technician uses a multimeter to connect one test probe to a second pin in a separate avionics connector and the second test probe to an aircraft ground point (another avionics rack)
- If there is a wiring connection between test point 1 and test point 2, the circuit will be completed by their mutual aircraft ground connection and the multimeter will beep (continuity check) or the needle will jump toward 0 resistance (resistance check).
- Aircraft ground can also be used to check for shorts. If a particular connector’s pin/socket is NOT supposed to be grounded, the tech can make a connection from that pin/socket to aircraft ground through the multimeter. If the pin/socket is properly insulated (no short condition), then the meter will read infinite resistance. If there is a short connection somewhere on that wire to ground, then making a connection through aircraft ground and the multimeter will show 0 resistance, indicating a short.
How do you find a good ground on the aircraft, so you can do ground checks? Explain the steps.
A good ground connection on the aircraft should be any unpainted, metallic surface. Metallic avionics racks are grounded too. On commercial aircraft, specific grounding points may also be indicated, particularly near electronic equipment racks with circuit boards that are ESD sensitive. The tech can plug into a grounding point with and ESD wrist strap to avoid damaging the circuit boards when removing them.
To check ground on a GA aircraft, at two different locations, one can use a multimeter to test for continuity. You can also test between a wired ground connection and another point (unpainted fuselage) on the aircraft to see if they are connected.
Where is the most common location for a VOR antenna?
Vertical fin of the aircraft
Back Coarse is used for approach on the backside of the runway based on where the equipment is set up. Which system uses back course?
Localizer
ADF can tune in an AM radio station.
True/False
True
The transponder is constantly sending out a signal.
True/False
False
What does RA in TCAS stand for?
Resolution Advisory
What does TA in TCAS stand for?
Traffic Advisory
On TCAS, as the aircraft gets closer and becomes a threat only the color changes.
True/False
False
On TCAS, as the aircraft gets closer and is deemed a threat, the computer will send out an oral response.
True/False
True
TCAS stands for …………
Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System
ILS consists of all aircraft systems.
True/False
False
VOR stands for ……………
VHF Omnidirectional Range
ILS stands for ……………
Instrument Landing System
ADF stands for …………….
Automatic Direction Finder
DME stands for …………
Distance Measuring Equipment
What is not a part of the ILS system?
Transponder
Radio Altimeter and Radar Altimeter give the pilot different information.
True/False
False
Mode C on the transponder does what?
Gives Altitude
Mode S “selective Addressing” on the transponder does what?
Allows ATC to specifically call individual aircraft
DME gives _______distance from ground station.
slant
ILS: A pilot flies in the direction of the needle to the horizon/centerline. For example, if it is above the centerline on the indicator, the pilot flies up until needle moves to down.
True/False
True
A marker beacon gives left/right coordinates to the centerline of runway.
True/False
False
Localizer gives up/down information for the correct decent to runway.
True/False
False
Which two avionics share a single antenna?
VOR & LOC
GPS antennas are on the bottom of the aircraft.
True/False
False
The marker beacon gives you three visual colors, depending on how close you are to the runway. Which is not one of the colors?
Red
FOD Bags are used to store tools so they do not become FOD.
True/False
False
Kitted Hardware has the right amount of hardware to do the job, plus one in case you loose a piece of hardware.
True/False
False
Hazardous Materials should be handled per the FOE company manual.
True/False
False
What does MSDS stand for?
Material Safety Data Sheet
The covers for the pitot tubes are an example of what type of protection?
FOD Barrier
What is not part of Tool Identification.
FOD Markings
Give an example on how you could produce FOD if you do not follow the Clean As You Go program.
In the process of working of any assembly or piece of equipment, it’s very possible to produce a steadily accumulating amount of potential FOD. One example of this is our wiring project. Through the course of work, we are stripping wirings, trimming conductors and cutting wire shields. All of this debris gradually accumulates in the process of the project. Cleaning off the work space regularly during the course of work reduces the amount of debris that could potentially damage the assembly when it’s put into operation–such as a wire or shield trimming causing a short, for example.
A FOD POC is the program that keeps FOD to a minimum.
True/False
False
What does POC stand for in the term FOD POC?
FOD Point of Contact
What does FO stand for?
Foreign Object
What does FOD stand for in the NCATT FOE Standards.
Foreign Object Damage
When people go out on the ramp and look for FO, this is called __________?
FOD Walk
What is the difference between Critical FO and FO?
Both FO and Critical FO are potentially hazardous to an assembly. Critical FO is any material that is inadvertently left inside an assembly after close out or test and any foreign objects in areas from which migration is possible. FO may still be seen and can potentially be found.
FOE stands for Foreign Object in Engine.
True/False
False
Housekeeping is the sole responsibility of the company.
True/False
False
What is not a part of the Tool Accountability?
None of the Above
What is not a part of Hardware Accountability?
Tether
What is not a part of the 5S?
Secure
The 6S adds what to the 5S?
Safety
Wildlife is not considered as FOD but an environmental hazard.
True/False
False
According to the NCATT FOE document, FOD costs approximately $4 Billion annually.
True/False
True
A connector cap is designed to be an example of what?
FOD Barrier
ESD has the potential of being FOD.
True/False
True
If you were to shadow box you tool box, what does that mean?
A toolbox or storage board with specifically, marked locations (e.g. foam cutouts) for each tool in the tool box or storage board so that a missing tool is readily noticeable. A tool box or storage board can be inventoried in 60 seconds or less. Shadow boxing with foam cutouts is very popular and is often used in conjunction with other methods
How can the condition of the tool be a possible FOD?
Assuring that a tool’s condition is clean, undamaged and free of Foreign Objects prior to use is a professional FOD prevention method. It is very important to visually inspect tools for all the conditions described herein. Tool condition inspections should be accomplished prior to and immediately after job completion.
- Broken or Worn Tools—Visually inspect tools for broken or worn areas that can become FOD.
- Damaged—Any damaged tools should be repaired or replaced to prevent the damaged tool from becoming FOD.
- Dirty—Ensure the tools are clean and ready for use prior to each use. o Flaking— (Chrome flaking) Flaking is a hidden foreign object and can become a serious problem if undetected.
