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Aviation Weather > Aviation Weather 1 > Flashcards

Aviation Weather 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Standard pressure at sea level?

A

29.92 Hg, 1013.2 mb

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2
Q

Sky condition. SKC or CLR meaning and layer amount?

A

Clear - 0

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3
Q

Sky condition. FEW meaning and layer amount?

A

Few - 1/8-2/8

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4
Q

Sky condition. SCT meaning and layer amount?

A

Scattered - 3/8-4/8

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5
Q

Sky condition. BKN meaning and layer amount?

A

Broken - 5/8-7/8

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6
Q

Sky condition. OVC meaning and layer amount?

A

Overcast - 8/8

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7
Q

What is a ceiling?

A

Lowest layer aloft reported as broken or overcast.

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8
Q

Definition. AIRMET (WA)

A

Inflight weather advisory issued as an amendment to the area forecast, concerning weather phenomena of operational interest to all aircraft and that is potentially hazardous to aircraft with limited capability due to lack of equipment, instrumentation, or pilot qualifications.

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9
Q

Definition. SIGMET (WS)

A

Significant Meteorological Information. A weather advisory issued concerning weather significant (potentially hazardous) to the safety of all aircraft.

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10
Q

Definition. Convective SIGMET (WST)

A

Weather advisories concerning convective weather (unstable, rising air found in cumiliform clouds) significant to the safety of all aircraft, including thunderstorms, hail, and tornadoes.

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11
Q

When are AIRMETs issued?

A

Every 6 hours with intermediate updates issued as needed for a particular area forecast region. Issued 4 times per day and valid for 6 hrs.

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12
Q

AIRMETs include what?

A

Moderate icing, moderate turbulence, sustained surface winds of 30 knots or greater, widespread areas of ceilings less that 1000 FT and/or visibilities less than 3 miles, and extensive mountain obscurement.

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13
Q

SIGMETs include what?

A

Severe icing not associated with thunderstorms, severe or extreme turbulence or clear air turbulence (CAT) not associated with thunderstorms, dust storms or sandstorm that lower inflight or surface visibility to below 3 miles, and volcanic ash.

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14
Q

Convective SIGMETs include what?

A

Severe thunderstorms with surface winds greater than 50 knots, hail at the surface greater than or equal to 3/4 inch in diameter, or tornadoes. They are also issued to advise pilots of embedded thunderstorms, lines of thunderstorms, or thunderstorms with heavy or greater precipitation that affect 40% or more of a 3000 square foot or greater region.

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15
Q

Surface aviation weather observations are what?

A

METARs

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16
Q

Aviation weather services?

A

AWOS automated weather observing systems, ASOS automated surface observing systems, ARTCC air route traffic control center.

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17
Q

AWOS

A

automated weather observing systems

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18
Q

ASOS

A

automated surface observing systems

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19
Q

ARTCC

A

air route traffic control center

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20
Q

What is the responsibility of ARTCC?

A

To maintain separation between IFR flights in the en route structure.

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21
Q

AFSS

A

Automated Flight Service Station

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22
Q

What is AFSS?

A

The primary source of preflight weather info. 24/7 service. 1-800-WX-BRIEF.

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23
Q

TIBS

A

Transcribed Information Briefing Service.

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24
Q

What is TIBS?

A

Prepared by selected AFSS. Provides continuous telephone recordings of meteorological and aeronautical info. Specifically it provides area and route briefings, airspace procedures, and special announcements. Available 24/7.

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25
Q

DUATS

A

Direct User Access Terminal Service

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26
Q

What is the purpose of DUATS?

A

Allows any pilot with a current medical certificate to access weather info and file a flight plan via computer.

27
Q

EFAS

A

En Route Flight Advisory Service

28
Q

Purpose of EFAS?

A

Designed to provide timely en route weather info upon pilot request. Provides pilot with weather advisories tailored to type of flight, route, and cruising altitude.

29
Q

HIWAS

A

Hazardous Inflight Weather Advisory

30
Q

Purpose of HIWAS?

A

Broadcasts hazardous weather info continuously over selected navigation aids such as AIRMETS, SIGMETS, convective SIGMETS, and urgent PIREPS. (stations are depicted on a sectional chart “H”)

31
Q

What information does a standard briefing provide?

A

Adverse conditions, VFR flight not recommended if below VFR minimums, Synopsis (overview of larger weather picture. Fronts and major weather systems affecting general area provided.), current conditions, En route forecast, destination forecast, winds and temps aloft, NOTAM, ATC delays, other info upon request and radio frequencies.

32
Q

What should you use an abbreviated for?

A

When departure has been delayed, updated weather info from previous brief

33
Q

When should an outlook briefing be used?

A

When planned departure is 6 hrs or more away. Does not replace a standard briefing.

34
Q

METAR

A

Aviation routine weather report

35
Q

What is a METAR?

A

An observation of current surface weather reported in standard international format.

36
Q

When are METARs issued?

A

Issued hourly unless significant weather changes have occured. A special (SPECI) can be issued at any interval between routine METAR reports.

37
Q

PIREP

A

Pilot Weather Report

38
Q

Purpose of PIREP?

A

Provides valuable info regarding the conditions as they actually exist in the air, which cannot be gather from any other source.

39
Q

TAF

A

Terminal Aerodrome Forecast

40
Q

How much area does a TAF cover? What kinds of areas?

A

5 statute mile radius around an airport. Usually given for large airports.

41
Q

How long is a TAF good for? When is it updated?

A

Good for 30 hours. Updated 4 times per day at 0000Z, 0600Z, 1200Z, and 1800Z.

42
Q

What information does the TAF include?

A

Type (amended AMD), ICAO station identifier, date/time of origin, valid period, forecast wind, forecast visibility, forecast significant weather (METAR), forecast sky condition (CB), forecast change group (BECMG), probability forecast (% of thunderstorm and precipitation in coming hours)

43
Q

FA

A

Area Forecast

44
Q

What is a FA?

A

Gives a picture of clouds, general weather conditions, and visual meteorological conditions expected over a large area encompassing several states. 6 areas within 48 states.

45
Q

How long is an FA good for? When are they issued?

A

18 Hours issued 3 times per day

46
Q

What is the purpose of a FA?

A

Gives info vital to en route operations as well as forecast info for smaller airports that do not have terminal forecasts.

47
Q

Parts to a FA?

A

Header (location identifier, date/time, valid time, area of coverage), precautionary statement ( IFR conditions, Mountain obscurement…), synopsis (brief summary identifying locations and movement of pressure systems, fronts, and circulation patterns), and VFR clouds and weather (weather for next 12 hours and an outlook for the following 6)

48
Q

FD?

A

Winds and Temperature Aloft Forecast

49
Q

What is a FD?

A

Provide wind and temp forecasts for specific locations.

50
Q

When is a FD issued?

A

Twice a day at 0000Z and 1200Z

51
Q

Pertaining to FDs, 0-12,000 ft you use ______ altitude and and above 18,000 ft are ______ altitude.

A

0 - 12,000 = True altitude, 18,000 and above = pressure altitude.

52
Q

On FDs what does 9900 mean?

A

wind speed calm or less than 5 knots, 9900 means light and variable

53
Q

On FDs what does 731960 mean?

A

Winds = 230 at 119 knots with a temp of -60C. (subtract 50 from the 73 and add 100 to the 19)

54
Q

On FDs what does 265842 read if it is at 30,000 ft?

A

Heading = 260, wind speed = 58 knots, temp is -42C. (everything is the same except for the temp. above 24,000 ft the - is omitted when reading the temperature but everything “over” 24,000 ft MSL will be - C)

55
Q

What does a Surface Analysis Chart show?

A

depicts an analysis of the current surface weather

56
Q

On surface analysis charts, what does a station model include?

A

Type of observation, sky cover, clouds, sea level pressure, pressure change/tendency, precipitation, dew point, temperature (given in Fahrenheit), wind (true direction)

57
Q

Where does a weather depiction chart derive from?

A

METAR and other surface observations

58
Q

What are some things that a weather depiction chart displays?

A

Major fronts or areas of high and low pressure. Also provides a graphic display of IFR, VFR and MVFR (marginal VFR) weather. Areas of precipitation as well as info regarding the characteristics of precipitation.

59
Q

What does a radar summary chart depict?

A

a collection of radar weather reports (SDs)

60
Q

When is a radar summary chart published?

A

35 minutes past the hour

61
Q

When are surface analysis charts transmitted?

A

Every 3 hrs

62
Q

When are weather depiction charts published?

A

Every 3 hours beginning at 0100Z

63
Q

Describe stages of cumulus cloud.

A

Aviation Weather (1 decks)

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