Aviation terminology Flashcards
What is adverse yaw?
When the airplane yaws towards the raised wing during a turn due to the downward deflected aileron on the raised wing. Corrected by applying the rudder.
What are the 4 forces acting on an airplane in flight?
Thrust, weight, lift, and drag.
What is transverse flow effect?
The difference in lift between the front and rear portions of the rotor disk. There is a larger AOA and more lift produced in the front portion, and a smaller AOA and less lift produced in the rear portion. Usually occurs between 10 and 20 knots.
Angle of attack
The angle measured between the resultant relative airflow and the chord line of the airfoil.
What are the six types of special use airspace?
Prohibited areas, restricted areas, warning areas, military operation areas (MOAs), alert areas, and controlled firing areas (CFAs).
Dihedral
Refers to the angle formed when the wings are attached to the fuselage with an angle of 1 to 3 degrees above a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, thereby forming a shallow V.
Translating Tendency
At a hover, a helicopter with a single counterclockwise rotating rotor has a tendency to drift laterally to the right.
Fuselage
The central component of an aircraft and contains the crew, passengers, and cargo and provides a structural connection for the wings and tail assembly.
What was the date that the Wright brothers conducted their first powered flight?
December 17, 1903
What does the number of a runway mean?
The runway number refers to the direction in which the plane will be traveling at take off for that runway. They’re numbered 1 to 36, where 18 is magnetic north, 27 is east, 36 is south, and 9 is west.
Magnus Effect
Lifting force produced when a rotating cylinder placed in an airstream produces a lift differential due to the different local velocities at the top and bottom of the cylinder.
Vne
This is the speed that should never be exceeded by the aircraft. If flight is attempted above this speed, structural damage or failure may occur.
Attitude Indicator
A gyroscopic instrument that pictorially depicts the pitch and roll attitude of the aircraft by use of a symbolic aircraft against a horizon disk showing a background of sky and ground.
Spirit of St. Louis
The Spirit of St. Louis was a single-seat monoplane, loosely based on the Ryan M-2 mailplane, and custom built for Charles Lindbergh’s first solo nonstop transatlantic flight, which occurred on May 20 – 21, 1927.
The Federal Aviation Act of 1958
In response to a series of high-profile midair collisions, the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 consolidated and expanded the roles of the previous Civil Aeronautics Authority (CAA) and Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) into the new Federal Aviation Agency.
Class C Airspace
Airspace from the surface to 4,000 feet above the airport elevation (charted in mean sea level [MSL]) surrounding those airports that have an operational control tower, are serviced by a radar approach control, and have a certain number of instrument flight rules (IFR), operations, or passenger enplanements.
Juan de la Cierva
Juan de la Cierva was a Spanish engineer who began building and flying autogyros in the early 1920s. Some of his developments, such as the flapping hinge to compensate for dissymmetry of lift and leg-lag hinges to relieve in-plane Coriolis forces, are still used in modern helicopters.
Camber
The camber is the curvature of the airfoil. The mean camber line is drawn halfway between the upper and lower surfaces of an airfoil. The shape of this line and the point of maximum camber—maximum displacement of the mean camber line from the chord line—are characteristics that define the performance of an airfoil.
Landing Gear
Supports the aircraft when it is parked, taxiing, and during takeoff and landing.
Empennage
The entire tail group, including fixed surfaces, such as the vertical and horizontal stabilizers, and moveable surfaces, such as the rudder, elevator, and trim tabs.
Chord line
An imaginary straight line drawn through an airfoil from the leading edge to the trailing edge.
What are the two categories of airspace or airspace areas?
Regulatory: Class A, B, C, D, and E airspace areas, restricted and prohibited areas; nonregulatory: military operations areas (MOAs), warning areas, and controlled firing areas.
What is the difference between induced drag and parasite drag?
Induced drag is a direct result of an airfoil producing lift. Parasite drag is drag not associated with the production of lift, such as displacement of the air by the aircraft, turbulence, or interference with the air moving over the surface of the aircraft and airfoil.