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Avian Bowl > Avian Bowl 2024: Squab Production > Flashcards

Avian Bowl 2024: Squab Production Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of a squab?

A

A young immature pigeon about four weeks old (pg 171)

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2
Q

What is adobe?

A

A building material made from clay and manure or straw (pg 171)

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3
Q

A ___ is a young immature pigeon that is about four weeks old. Spell the missing word.

A

S-Q-U-A-B (pg 171)

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4
Q

In ancient times, what referred a free-standing circular or square structure in which doves would breed?

A

A dovecote (pg 171)

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5
Q

Today, a dovecote typically refers to what?

A

A wooden structure, elevated off the ground, with compartments for pigeons (pg 171)

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6
Q

Is the squab’s popularity a new, trendy, foodie item?

A

No (pg 171)

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7
Q

Do pigeons mate for life?

A

Yes (pg 171)

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8
Q

A good breeding pair of pigeons can last for up to how long?

A

10-12 years (pg 171)

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9
Q

How many eggs will a female pigeon lay before she starts incubating them?

A

Two (pg 171)

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10
Q

On what day of incubation will pigeon eggs normally hatch?

A

17 or 18 (pg 171)

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11
Q

How long after the squab hatches will the parents start feeding it?

A

3-4 hours (pg 171)

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12
Q

In commercial squab production, squab are taken from the nest by the staff before what?

A

The parents kick them out of the nest (pg 171)

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13
Q

What is crop milk?

A

A material made from cells sloughed off from the lining of the crop (pg 171)

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14
Q

What animal will produce crop milk for their young?

A

Pigeons (pg 171)

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15
Q

Which of the parents of the squab will produce crop milk?

A

They both will (pg 171)

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16
Q

Which parent will care for the squab?

A

Both of them (pg 171)

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17
Q

Will a squab ever eat on its own?

A

No (pg 171)

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18
Q

When will a young pigeon start pecking on grain?

A

When the parents push them out of the nest (pg 171)

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19
Q

Both parents will regurgitate crop milk for the squab. Spell regurgitate.

A

R-E-G-U-R-G-I-T-A-T-E (pg 171)

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20
Q

Crop milk is a material made from cells sloughed off from the lining of the crop. Spell sloughed.

A

S-L-O-U-G-H-E-D (pg 171)

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21
Q

Squab breeding stock should come from where

A

A reputable operation

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22
Q

When squab breeding houses are made, they should be made to exclude what?

A

Wild birds and rodents

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23
Q

If possible, establish a relationship with a poultry veterinarian, who is familiar with what?

A

Squab production

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24
Q

In the case of a disease situation, what should you obtain first

A

A diagnosis

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25
Q

After obtaining a disease diagnosis, what should you do?

A

Follow a veterinarians advice regarding treatment

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26
Q

What is the annual United States squab production?

A

2 million squab

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27
Q

Where are major commercial squab production sites located?

A

California and South Carolina

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28
Q

Who is listed in the acknowledgments of squab production?

A

Dr. Francine Bradley and UC Davis and Dalton Rasmussen President/CEO Squab producers of California 

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29
Q

UC Davis and Dalton Rasmussen are the president and CEO of what

A

 Squab producers of California

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30
Q

If only natural lighting is used, squab, breeding pairs will produce the most during what months

A

June to August

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31
Q

If only natural lighting is used, squab, breeding pairs will have their lowest production during what months?

A

December to February

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32
Q

In order to have good squab breeding production throughout the year, what can be utilized?

A

Artificial lighting

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33
Q

How many eggs will one squab breeding pair produce per year?

A

16+

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34
Q

What is the breeder mortality of one squab breeding pair?

A

Less than 2%

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35
Q

Who were the Hubbells developed by?

A

Dr. G. M. Hubbell
(pg. 171)

36
Q

At what age are squab harvested?

A

25 to 30 days.
(Pg. 171)

37
Q

How much water will a pair of pigeons used for squabbing consume in a year?

A

50 or more gallons.
Pg. 172

38
Q

When squabs hatch they are _____.

A

Altricial
Pg. 172

39
Q

The feed provided for a pair of pigeons used for squabing needs to have what percent of fat?

A

3.0
Pg. 172

40
Q

The feed provided for a pair of pigeons used for squabing needs to have what percent of Crude Fiber?

A

3.5
Pg. 172

41
Q

The feed provided for a pair of pigeons used for squabing needs to have what percent of Carbohydrates?

A

65.0
Pg.172

42
Q

When squab hatch they are altricial. Spell Altricial

A

A-L-T-R-I-C-I-A-L
Pg. 172

43
Q

When squab hatch they are altricial. What does that mean?

A

They can not move around on their own and are dependent on their parents for food.
Pg. 172

44
Q

Squabs will increase in weight dramatically in the first how many weeks of life?

A

3
Pg. 172

45
Q

What is a 16L:8D lighting schedule?

A

16 hours of light and 8 hours of dark
Pg. 172

46
Q

Use ____ that discourages perching and will keep the feed free from droppings?

A

Feeders
Pg. 172

47
Q

How much food will a pair of pigeons used for squabbing consume?

A

Up to 130 pounds.
Pg. 172

48
Q

How much grit will a pair of pigeons used for squabbing consume?

A

3-5 pounds
Pg. 172

49
Q

The feed provided for a pair of pigeons used for squabing needs to have what percent of Crude Proteins?

A

13.5
Pg. 172

50
Q

What are the main markets for squab?

A

Fine dining establishments, markets catering to high-end shoppers and certain ethnic populations, and on-line specialty meat sites (pg 173)

51
Q

Where does the majority of squab production in the US take place?

A

Large, integrated companies or through squab cooperatives (pg 173)

52
Q

What is the annual United States squab production?

A

About 2 million (pg 173)

53
Q

Where are major squab production sites located?

A

California and South Carolina (pg 173)

54
Q

How many main markets for squab are listed in the Avian Bowl Manual?

A

Three (pg 173)

55
Q

How much water will a pair of pigeons consume per year

A

50 gallons

56
Q

How much feed will a pair of pigeons consume in a year

A

Up to 130 pounds

57
Q

How much grit will a pair of pigeons consume per year?

A

3 to 5 pounds

58
Q

What percent of crude protein needs to be in feed for a pair of pigeons

A

13.5%

59
Q

What percent of carbohydrates need to be in feed for a pair of pigeons

A

65%

60
Q

What percent of crude fiber needs to be in feed for a pair of pigeons

A

3.5%

61
Q

What percent of fat needs to be in feed for a pair of pigeons

A

3%

62
Q

When squabs hatch they are _______

A

Altricial

63
Q

How many weeks before the squab are harvested will the hen start laying again?

A

Two (pg 172)

64
Q

What kind of nesting material can be used for squab production?

A

Chopped straw, pine needles, or wood shavings (pg 172)

65
Q

How many inches of feeder space is needed per pair of pigeons?

A

Two (pg 172)

66
Q

How many inches of waterer space is needed per pair of pigeons?

A

One (pg 172)

67
Q

One pair of pigeons require 2 inches of ___ space.

A

Feeder (pg 172)

68
Q

A pair of pigeons require 1 ___ of waterer space.

A

Inch (pg 172)

69
Q

Both feeders and waterers for pigeons should be located where they are shielded from as much ___ and ___ as possible.

A

Dust and feathers (pg 172)

70
Q

What must pigeons have access to because they are fed whole grains or whole grains and pellets?

A

Grit (pg 172)

71
Q

What kind of boxes can be used to contain grit?

A

Grit boxes (pg 172)

72
Q

___ boxes can be used to contain the ___.

A

Grit (for both blanks) (pg 172)

73
Q

What does altricial mean

A

Squabs cant move on their own

74
Q

When squabs are altricial they are dependent on their parents for what

A

Food

75
Q

Poultry chicks are mobile at hatching, which separates them from what

A

Young squab

76
Q

Sqaubs will dramatically increase in weight in the first _____ weeks of life

A

3 weeks

77
Q

Squabs can stand on their own by ______ weeks

A

4

78
Q

Processing takes place after ______ days

A

25-28

79
Q

When squabs are fully feathered under their wings they are ready for what

A

Processing

80
Q

Squab feeders and waterers should be shielded from what

A

Dust and feathers

81
Q

Squad feeders should discourage what

A

Perching

82
Q

For any unusual mortality, what should you make use of?

A

Resources at the state animal diagnostic laboratory system (pg 173)

83
Q

Pigeons mate for life, that is to say, they are _____.

A

Monogamous (pg 173)

84
Q

Consumed before it flies, the squab’s meat is very ____.

A

Tender (pg 173)

85
Q

The ___ of the squab makes it an attractive, whole bird portion for one diner.

A

Size (pg 173)

86
Q

Are incubators used for squab production?

A

No (pg 173)

Avian Bowl (8 decks)

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