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Exotics > Avian > Flashcards

Avian Flashcards

1
Q

In the avian patient, what is the choana?

A

the opening at the roof of the mouth that connects the trachea to the sinuses and the nares

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2
Q

Which is the correct order in the avian gastrointestinal tract descending from the oral cavity downward?

A

crop, proventriculus, gizzard

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3
Q

The tracts in birds from which feathers originate are called:

A

pterylae

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4
Q

A disease that causes lesions on the face, around eyelids and mouth, and ocular discharge is:

A

Poxvirus

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5
Q

The vent of a bird is:

A

the outside opening of the cloaca

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6
Q

A Candida infection affects which body area in the bird?

A

the crop

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7
Q

Where is the uropygial gland located?

A

at the base of the tail

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8
Q

Which of the following bones is pneumatic in the avian patient?

A

humerus

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9
Q

Air enters the oral cavity through a slit in the mouth called the:

A

choana

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10
Q

For most companion birds, pellets should compromise approximately __________ of the diet and a variety of fresh fruits and veggies approximately ___________.

A

70%, 30%

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11
Q

Which part of the reproductive tract in birds develops fully?

A

the left side

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12
Q

The tail feathers of a bird are known as:

A

rectrices

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13
Q

Where is the stethoscope placed when listening to a bird’s lung?

A

on the dorsal midline

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14
Q

The turkey is in the following order.

A

Galliformes

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15
Q

If a bird is exhibiting dominance behavior, the owner should:

A

keep the bird below eye level

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16
Q

You have been asked to obtain a blood sample for a CBC and chemistry panel from a 100 gm cockatiel. Which of the following vessels is most commonly used in this species?

A

jugular

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17
Q

What part of the droppings are contained in the white portion?

A

urates

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18
Q

What birds belong in the order - Psittaciformis?

A

cockatiel, lorikeet, parakeet

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19
Q

What contributes directly to egg binding?

A

low calcium stores

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20
Q

low calcium stores

A

uncuffed endotracheal tubes should be used

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21
Q

What is not considered part of the integument of a bird?

A

all are considered part of the integument

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22
Q

Psittacines are known as hookbills and their feet are:

A

zygodactyl

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23
Q

A healthy bird can only lose less than 10% of its blood volume safely. You have been asked to draw a blood sample from a 1kg macaw. What is the maximum amount of blood that can be taken from this patient safely?

A

10 ml

24
Q

Which of the following feathers are trimmed as part of the avian wing trim?

A

primary feathers

25
Q

Most birds commonly molt how many times a year?

A

2

26
Q

What is a fungus that birds can contract?

A

aspergillosis

27
Q

Most non-infectious diseases in companion birds are due to:

A

poor husbandry practices, inadequate nutrition, trauma

28
Q

The avian RBC is:

A

oval and nucleated

29
Q

The function of a bird’s crop is to:

A

soften food

30
Q

Which of the following vessels is most commonly used for blood collection in medium to large birds?

A

medial metatarsal vein

31
Q

The __________________ gland secretes a lipoid sebaceous material that is spread over the bird’s feathers during preening.

A

uropygial

32
Q

Which of the following is the most common and largest space used for subcutaneous fluid administration in the avian patient?

A

inguinal area

33
Q

Which avian disease causes Psittacosis in humans?

A

Chlamydia

34
Q

A disease in birds that involves the lungs and CNS of birds that includes signs of pneumonia, green discharge, and dehydration is:

A

Chlamydiosis

35
Q

What is the function of the gizzard?

A

grinds food

36
Q

The gizzard of the bird is also known as the:

A

ventriculous

37
Q

Which species of bird can live up to 50 years?

A

Amazon Parrot

38
Q

Total blood volume in the avian patient is approximately what percentage of the body weight?

A

Amazon Parrot

39
Q

Total blood volume in the avian patient is approximately what percentage of the body weight?

A

10%

40
Q

Which viral disease is spread by dander and secretions, is resistant in the environment, and most commonly infects immunocompromised birds between 6 months and 3 years of age?

A

psittacine beak & feather disease

41
Q

What feathers are cut when performing an avian wing trim?

A

primary

42
Q

In the avian patient, into which of the following muscles are intramuscular injections generally administered?

A

pectoral

43
Q

What of the senses is the least acute in a bird?

A

smell

44
Q

Air from the choana is directed to the:

A

glottis

45
Q

Which of the below statements is TRUE?

A

the kidneys empty directly into the ureters

46
Q

What is true about air exchange in the bird?

A

air flow is unidirectional, air flow is from caudal to cranial

47
Q

Because of a lack of a diaphragm in the avian patient, which of the following organs surrounds the apex of the heart?

A

liver

48
Q

Which below is an average weight for a budgerigar?

A

30 gms

49
Q

The pectoral muscles in the bird attach to which of the following anatomical structures?

A

keel

50
Q

Which is responsible for sound generation in the bird?

A

syrinx

51
Q

Birds have a highly vascularized structure attached to the retina called the:

A

pectin

52
Q

How many air sacs does a bird possess?

A

9

53
Q

What is the concern when trimming a bird’s wing?

A

blood feathers, trimming the covert feathers, pin feathers

54
Q

Which air sac in the bird is singular (unpaired)?

A

intraclavicular

55
Q

Which of the following in birds is the final holding area for urine, urates, feces, and eggs before excretion from the body?

A

cloaca

Exotics (3 decks)

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