Avc Hemorrágico Flashcards
What is an intraparenchymal cerebral hemorrhage?
An intracerebral hemorrhage, or intraparenchymal cerebral hemorrhage, is a subset of an intracranial hemorrhage and encompasses a number of entities that have in common the acute accumulation of blood within the parenchyma of the brain.
ICH are most often broadly divided according to whether they are ______________________or ________________________, and then further divided according to etiology and/or location.
primary hemorrhages (no underlying lesion)
secondary hemorrhages (some other lesion complicated by hemorrhage)
Say two etiologies of primary hemorrhages (no underlying lesion)….
lobar hemorrhages secondary to cerebral amyloid angiopathy
hypertensive hemorrhages
Say 3 secondary hemorrhages causes….
vascular malformation
cerebral venous thrombosis
tumor (primary or secondary)
The volume of an intracerebral hemorrhage can be measured using ________________ formula or 3D volumetric software
ABC/2
What is considered to be the most reliable independent predictor of ICH expansion?
hemorrhage size is considered to be the most reliable independent predictor of ICH expansion
Hematoma expansion is measured as an increased growth _________ mL or volume ____________% from the initial CT scan.
hematoma expansion is measured as an increased growth >12.5 mL or volume >33% from the initial CT scan
Hematomas with a volume of more than ________________ mL are more prone to expansion
Hematomas with a volume of more than 30 mL are more prone to expansion
Hemorrhages with _____________shapes are more prone to expansion
Hemorrhages with irregular shapes are more prone to expansion
Intracerebral hemorrhage irregularity is thought to be due to ________________________.
Intracerebral hemorrhage irregularity is thought to be due to multiple leaking vessels feeding the hematoma
The presence of hypodense or isodense regions within the hyperdense intracerebral hemorrhage represents ________________ and is called _____________.
The presence of hypodense or isodense regions within the hyperdense intracerebral hemorrhage represents active bleeding and is called swirl sign
What does represent the Swirl sign ?
It represents unclotted fresh blood which is of lower attenuation than the clotted blood which surrounds it.
What is the name of that sign? And what is the consequence of this finding ?
Extradural hematoma - swirl sign.
It represents unclotted fresh blood which is of lower attenuation than the clotted blood which surrounds it.
What is the Black hole Sign ?
when the swirl sign is encapsulated it is termed black hole sign.
What is parameter to say that we have a black hole sign ?
There should be at least a 28 Hounsfield unit (HU) difference between the black hole and the surrounding hemorrhage
heterogeneous hemorrhage with _________________foci is more prone to expansion
heterogeneous hemorrhage with hypodense foci is more prone to expansion
Active contrast extravasation within hematoma predicts future hemorrhage expansion, this can be observed on CT angiography (CTA) as ___________________and pooling of contrast within the hematoma
active contrast extravasation within hematoma predicts future hemorrhage expansion, this can be observed on CT angiography (CTA) as spot sign and pooling of contrast within the hematoma
What do i have to suspect in a patient witha a temporo-occipital haemorrhage?
Transverse-sigmoid sinus thrombosis
What is the tip that may indicate an underlying tumor in the presentation?
Presence/absence of substantial surrounding edema that may indicate an underlying tumor
What is the cause of this haemorrhage between gyrus rectus ?
Acom aneurysm
What is the probably cause of this haemorrhage in the occipitotemporal transition?
Venous thrombosis
What is the probably cause of a hamorrhage located in the sylvian fissure?
MCA anurysm
What is the morphology of a metastatic haemorrhage ?
spherical haemorrhage
