Autumn Test

Question 1

What is the difference between a parameter and an argument?

Answer 1

Parameter = A parameter represents a value that the procedure expects you to pass when you call it.
Argument = An argument represents the value that you pass to a procedure parameter when you call the procedure.

Question 2

What is binary?

Answer 2

Base 2 number system which represents on/off or voltage/no voltage

Question 3

What is a bit?

Answer 3

A binary digit, either 1 or 0

Question 4

What is a byte?

Answer 4

A byte is 8 bits

Question 5

What is hexadecimal or hex?

Answer 5

A number system based on 16s

Question 6

How do you convert Denary to Hex?

Answer 6

Divide denary number by 16 until it can not be divided anymore

Question 7

Why is hexadecimal used?

Answer 7

Hexadecimal is used to simplify binary number. It easier fro the human brain to remember ACE than 1010 1100 1110
Also it is easier to to convert binary to hexadecimal than decimal to hexadecimal

Question 8

What is ASCII?

Answer 8

ASCII is code that gives each letter of the alphabet a deanery digit so that it can be understood by computers
It can go up to 128 characters
Most computers use ASCII to transfer data from one computer to another

Question 9

What is a high level language?

Answer 9

A coding language that allow the user not to communicate with computers using binary instead the user uses a language which is similar to english

Question 10

What is an example of a high level language?

Answer 10

Python

Question 11

What is an example of machine code?

Answer 11

Binary

Question 12

What is logic?

Answer 12

The study of the principles of reasoning. In computer science those principles relate to how you communicate with computers

Question 13

What are the three basic logic structures in all programming languages?

Answer 13

Sequence
Selection
Iteration

Question 14

What is the definition of sequence?

Answer 14

Running code top to bottom without skipping anything

Question 15

What is the definition of selection?

Answer 15

A question is asked which produces a Boolean value (either true or false) and the action that follows depends on the answer

Question 16

What is the definition of iteration?

Answer 16

This means looping or executing the same set of instruction a given number of times or until a specified result is obtained

Question 17

What is a variable?

Answer 17

A variable points to a memory location containing a value (some data)

Question 18

What is a constant?

Answer 18

Constants are special types of variable whose values stay the same, or only rarely change throughout the program.
If a constant changes it will not be in the normal running of the program but as some sort of configuration

Question 19

What is the definition of an integer?

Answer 19

A whole number

Question 20

What is the definition of a string?

Answer 20

Any characters including none

Question 21

What is the definition of a boolean value?

Answer 21

True or false

Question 22

What is the definition of a float/real?

Answer 22

A decimal number

Question 23

What is the definition of Char/single character?

Answer 23

A single character, letter, number, punctuation mark

Question 24

Why does a computer need to know what the data type is?

Answer 24

Because then the computer knows:
What process can be applied, e.g you can’t divide a string
How much memory space to be put aside, e.g a Boolean only takes up 1 bit of memory, whereas a String will take up much more

Question 25

What is an assignment?

Answer 25

Giving a variable a value e.g name=’Harry’

Question 26

What is the definition of a syntax error?

Answer 26

When the computer does not understand what is written because the code does not follow the rules of the language.

Question 27

What is the definition of a runtime error?

Answer 27

When the syntax is correct but the computer does not understand the instruction.

Question 28

What is the definition of a logic error?

Answer 28

When the code runs but the result is not what was expected

Question 29

What is the definition of an algorithm?

Answer 29

A sequence of steps taken to solve a problem. The steps use the three basic logic structures; sequence, selection and iteration

Question 30

What is the definition of abstraction?

Answer 30

Breaking a problem down into small parts and hiding how the code works

Question 31

In pseudocode what symbol represents less than?

Question 32

In pseudocode what symbol represents greater than?

Answer 32

>

Question 33

In pseudocode what symbol represents less than or equal to

Question 34

In pseudocode what symbol represents greater than or equal to?

Answer 34

> =

Question 35

In pseudocode what symbol represents equal to?

Answer 35

=

Question 36

In pseudocode what symbol represents not equal to?

Answer 36

≠

Question 37

What is the definition of a boolean expression?

Answer 37

A expression that produces a boolean value

Question 38

What are the three logic operators?

Answer 38

AND
OR
NOT

Question 39

What are the requirements for a AND operator?

Answer 39

Both sides of the operator must be TRUE for it to be considered TRUE

Question 40

What are the requirements for a OR operator?

Answer 40

Only one or more statement needs to be TRUE for it to be considered TRUE

Question 41

What are the requirements for a NOT operator?

Answer 41

NOT turns a TRUE value to a FALSE and a FALSE value to a TRUE

Question 42

What is the definition of validation?

Answer 42

Validation is the process of ensuring that the data is sensible not correct

Question 43

What is the definition of an array?

Answer 43

A group of data items of the SAME DATA TYPE, which is stored under one identifier (name) in contiguous (one after the other) memory locations
Can be 1 or 2 dimensional

Question 44

What is the difference between a function and a procedure?

Answer 44

A function returns a value while a procedure does something but does not return a value