Autonomic reflexes Flashcards
Where are tender points usually located?
In tendinous attachements, muscle bellies, and ligaments
Where are Chapman’s points usually located?
Subcutaneous tissue, fascia, muscle, ligament, perichondrial/periosteal tissue.
Where are trigger points usually located?
Fibers in the mid-portion of the muscle and the myotendinous junction.
What do tender points feel like? (palpation)
Small, tense, and edematous. Usually the size of a fingertip.
What do Chapman’s points feel like? (palpation)
Granular, ropy, fibrospongy, edematous. Usually described as the size of a pea.
What do trigger points feel like?
Distinct nodules/knots in the muscle or taut bands at the tendon. Similar size to Chapman’s points.
What is the pain characteristic of tender points?
Very tender and localized without radiation.
What is the pain characteristic of Chapman’s points?
May or may not be tender and is localized without radiation.
What is the pain characteristic of trigger points?
Tender, localized, and radiates to distinct and reproducible areas (based on myofascial anatomy).
What are tender points associated with?
Somatic dysfunction.
What are Chapman’s points associated with?
Viscerosomatic reflexes.
What are trigger points associated with?
Local pathophysiology within the muscle.
What is the treatment for tender points?
Counterstrain
What is the classic treatment for Chapman’s points?
Rotary stimulation for 20-60 seconds.
What is the treatment for trigger points?
Injection, dry needling, post-isometric muscle energy, counterstrain.
