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Neurophysiology > Autonomic Physiology > Flashcards

Autonomic Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of parasympathetic nerves

A

Craniosacral
Cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, 10
S2-S4

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2
Q

Origin of sympathetic nerves

A

Thoracolumbar

T1-L3

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3
Q

Central autonomic network

A

Higher area that regulates function of autonomic nervous system

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4
Q

Parasympathetic nerves

A

Terminal ganglia located near to target organ
Long preganglion fibers, short postganglion fibers
Limited divergence of fibers
Ach is primary neurotransmitter
Predominates during quiet resting conditions

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5
Q

Sympathetic nerves

A

Ganglia located in a chain
Short preganglion fibers, long postganglion fibers
Divergence of fibers coordinates activity at various levels of spinal cord
Norepinephrine is primary neurotransmitter
Predominates during fight-or-flight response and exercise

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6
Q

Types of receptors

A

Cholinergenic

Adrenergenic

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7
Q

Cholinergenic

A

Receive Ach
Muscarinic
Nicotinic

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8
Q

Adrenergic

A

Receive adrenaline and noradrenaline
Alpha 1 and 2
Beta 1, 2 and 3

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9
Q

Short-term brainstem-spinal loops

A

Rapid short-term regulation of the autonomic nervous system

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10
Q

Limbic brain-hypothalamic-brainstem-spinal cord loops

A

Mediate anticipatory and stress responses

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11
Q

Intermediate length hypothalamic-brainstem-spinal cord loops

A

Mediate longer-term autonomic reflexes, metabolic and reproductive regulation

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12
Q

Amygdala

A

Main limbic region for emotions
Stimulates sympathetic activity, especially previously learned fear behaviour
Can be voluntary when recalling a frightful experience

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13
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Main integration center

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14
Q

Reticular formation

A

Most direct influence over autonomic function

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15
Q

Control centers of autonomic system

A

Amygdala
Hypothalamus
Reticular formation

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16
Q

Horner’s syndrome

A 
Sympathetic nerve fiber damage
Anhidrosis
Miosis
Ptosis
Loss of ciliospinal reflex
Endothalmos
17
Q

Autonomic dysreflexia

A

Injury above level T6
Stimulated by pressure of in bladder, prolonged pain or pressure below level of injury, kinked catheter
Symptoms: sweating, dizziness, headache, INCREASED BP
Treatment: raise head, remove blockage or unwanted stimulus

Neurophysiology (3 decks)

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