Autonomic Nervous System Pt2

Question 1

How is the sympathetic nervous system characterised with regards to energy?

Answer 1

Sympathetic NS is energy expanding and dominates body systems when energy expenditure is required

Question 2

How is the parasympathetic nervous system characterised with regards to energy?

Answer 2

Parasympathetic NS is energy conserving and dominates body systems while at rest.

Question 3

What controls the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions?

Answer 3

Hypothalamus

Question 4

Neurotransmitters work on different types of neuro receptors. This allows for…

Answer 4

The same transmitter to have a different action on a different tissue

Question 5

What are the two types of Noradrenaline receptor?

Answer 5

Alpha and Beta. There are different effects when noradrenaline binds to each

Question 6

What two receptors can Acetylcholine bind to?

Answer 6

Nicotine receptors - found within autonomic ganglia and also respond to nicotine.
Muscarine receptors - which also respond to muscarine

Question 7

How to drugs work with regards to ANS receptors?

Answer 7

Drugs can work to block receptors thus manipulating/negating the bodies response to certain stimuli.

Question 8

Describe the function of the drug propranolol in relation to the ANS system?

Answer 8

Propranolol which is a beta blocker. Blocks Noradrenaline from binding to beta receptors thus inhibiting the fight or flight response.

Question 9

Describe the function of the drug Atropine in relation to the ANS system?

Answer 9

Atropine is a muscarinic ACh receptor blocker thus inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system response.

Question 10

Discuss the pupil response to sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation?

Answer 10

Sympathetic - dilation

Parasympathetic - constriction

Question 11

Discuss the airway response to sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation?

Answer 11

Sympathetic - dilation

Parasympathetic - constriction

Question 12

Discuss the blood vessel response to sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation?

Answer 12

Sympathetic - constriction (excepting muscles, heart,lungs)

Parasympathetic - no effect

Question 13

What activities does the parasympathetic nervous system govern?

Answer 13

Rest and Digest

Question 14

Explain SLUDD in relation to the activities governed by the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 14

S - Salviation
L-Lacrimation
U-Urination
D-Digestion
D-Defaecation

Question 15

What three items are decreased by parasympathetic activity?

Answer 15

Heart Rate
Airway Diametre
Pupil Size

Question 16

What inbuilt response does the sympathetic nervous system govern?

Answer 16

The Fight or Flight Response

Question 17

What is the Fight or Flight Response?

Answer 17

Increased Sympathetic system output coordinated by the Hypothalamus in response to threat or danger

Question 18

What does the Fight or Flight response result in?

Answer 18

Pupillary Dilation
Increased heart rate
increased heart contractibility
constriction of blood vessels in skin and gut
Dilation of blood vessels in muscles, heart and lungs
breakdown of Glycogen in Liver thus increasing blood glucose in circulation
Stiumlates release of adrenaline from the renal medulla
Decrease saliva and GI secretion

Question 19

What stimuli active the Fight or Flight response?

Answer 19

Exercise
Emergency
Embarrassment
Excitement