Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
Neurotransmitter and receptors of somatic system?
- acetylcholine
- Nicotinic muscular receptors (Nm)
- one neuron system
Neurotransmitter and receptors of parasympathetic system?
- pre ganglionic (long) neurons release acetylcholine to Nicotinic neural (Nn)
- post ganglionic release acetylcholine
- Muscarinic receptors 1-5
Neurotransmitters and receptors of sympathetic system?
- pre ganglionic (short) release acetylcholine to Nicotinic neural (Nn)
- post ganglionic release Norepinephrine
- Adrenergic receptors (alpha, beta)
- sweat glands= acetylcholine release at M3, M5
- renal smooth muscle= NE to alpha, Dopamine to D1
Neurotransmitters and receptors of adrenal medulla?
- stimulated by acetylcholine at Nicotinic neural (Nn)
- release catecholamines (NE, epinephrine, dopamine)
Hemicholinemiums?
inhibits choline transporter from transporting choline into the presynaptic neuron for acetylcholine synthesis
Vesamicol?
- inhibits Ash vesicle transporter
- results in less ACh in vesicles
Botulinum toxin?
-inhibits fusion of ACh vesicles to neuron membrane
Neostigmine?
- inhibts acetylcholinesterase
- allows ACh to remain in synaptic cleft to continue stimulating
Monoamine oxidase (MAO)?
- located in mitochondria of nerve cells
- degrade NE
Catecholamine O-methyltransferase (COMT)?
metabolizes NE that diffuses out of the synaptic cleft
Metyrosine?
- inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase (rate limiting step)
- no Dopa is made from Tyrosine for Dopamine synthesis
Reserpine?
- inhibits Vesicular Monoamine Transporter (VMAT)
- limits the amount of Dopamine into the vesicles so limits amount of NE synthesized
Bretylium and Guanethidine?
-inhibit fusion of NE vesicles with cell membrane for NE release
Cocaine and tricyclic anti depressants?
- inhibit NET (NE transporter) and NE autoreceptor
- no NE is reuptaken into the cell, stays in synaptic cleft
Tyramine and Amphetamine?
- taken up by NET and deplete vesicle of NE
- causes NE to leak out in synaptic cleft to stimulate receptors