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A&P 1 > Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Does the Autonomic NS have only, afferent neuron, only efferent neurons, or both

A

Can have either afferent or sensory neurons

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2
Q

Preganglionic Neurons
1. Cell body location?
2. Axons?
3. Where in CNS are Sympathetic neurons located?
4. Where in CNS are the Parasympathetic Neurons located?

A
  1. In the CNS
  2. Myelinated
  3. Sympathetic - Thoracolumbar: T 1 - L2
  4. Parasympathetic - Craniosacral: Nuclei in brain stem; and S2-S4
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3
Q

Autonomic Ganglia:
1. Characteristics:
2. Function:

A
  1. Contain cell bodies of Post- ganglionic neurons
  2. Allows for divergence (to go in different directions) of post ganglionic fibers.

A single preganglionic neuron may synapse with 8 to 10 post ganglionic neurons within the ganglion so that signal from the CNS has an amplified effect on the target organ.

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4
Q

Where is gray matter found?

A

In the CNS: synapses, ganglia, cell bodies, axon terminals, dendrites

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5
Q

Where is white matter found?

A
  1. In the PNS: nerves, axons
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6
Q

Autonomic Ganglia (2 types)

A

Sympathetic Ganglia (2 sub types - Paravertebral & prevertebral)

Parasympathetic Ganglia

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7
Q

Sympathetic Ganglia ( 2 subtypes)

A
  1. Paravertebral Ganglion: (aka sympathetic, chain,
    lateral ganglia)
    a. lie in a vertical row in either side of spinal column
    b. only receive pregang fibers from sympathetic div.
  2. Prevertebral Ganglion (aka collateral ganglion)
    a. Lie anterior to the spinal column (in front of spinal
    cord) and are named according to their proximity to
    the large abdominal arteries
    b. They receive pregang fibers from sympathetic
    division
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8
Q

Parasympathetic Ganglion:

A

aka: intramural / terminal ganglia

Location: at end of visceral efferent pathways/very close to target organs.

They receive pregang fibers from parasympathetic division

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9
Q

Where do the fibers of the parasympathetic division arise from?

A

Craniosacral (nuclei of brain stem; S2-S4

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10
Q

What is a cholinergic neuron?

A

The primary neuron of the parasympathetic division that uses acetylcholine as the neurotransmitter

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11
Q

What is the primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic division?

A

Acetylcholine

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12
Q

Where are the cell bodies for the cranial nerves?

A

Contained within the brainstem

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13
Q

Cranial Outflow Nerves of the Parasympathetic
(OFGV)

A
  1. Oculomotor Nerve: pupillary constriction and accommodation for near vision
  2. Facial Nerve: stimulates secretions of submandibular & sublingual salivary glands
  3. Glossopharyngeal Nerves: stimulates parotid salivary glands
  4. Vagus Nerves: 80% of all parasymp pregang fibers in body (serves most organs of thoracic and abdominal cavities
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14
Q

Sacral outflow nerves of the Parasympathetic

A
  1. Arise from lateral horns of S2-S4
  2. travels thru ventral root>spinal nerve>ventral rami and forms pelvic splanchnic nerves
  3. serves distal half of lg intestine, reproductive organs, uterus and bladder
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15
Q

Sympathetic Division
1. What are the primary NT’s of this division?

  1. What are the neurons of this division called?

Location:

A
  1. Norepinephrine & noradrenaline
  2. Adrenergic Neurons
  3. Thoracolumbar
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16
Q

Anatomy of the parasympathetic

A
  1. Long preganglionic axons/ short post ganglionic fibers

2, Post ganglionic neurons close to target organs

  1. Contains the cranial nerves: Oculomotor, Facial nerves, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus
  2. Sacral Flow: ventral root> Spinal nerve, ventral ramus
  3. Serve distal half , lg intestine, repro organs, uterus, bladder
17
Q

Sympathetic Anatomy

A
  1. Short preganglionic axons/ long post ganglionic fibers
  2. cell bodies located in ganglia
  3. Nerve/Fiber flow: spinal cord>ventral root>spinal nerve>ventral rami
  4. white rami enter paravertebral ganglion & form sympathetic chain
18
Q

Cholinergic Receptor:

A

Acetylcholine/Parasympathetic

19
Q

Adrenergic Receptor

A

Norepinephrine & Epinephrine/Sympathetic

20
Q

Cholinergic Receptors

A

Nicotinic: post ganglionic neurons
Muscarinic: Heart

21
Q

Adrenergic Receptors

A

A&P 1 (4 decks)

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