Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
what are the differences between the somatic and autonomic nervous system?
somatic –> 1 motor neuron
autonomic –> 2 neuron system
what makes up cholinergic neurons?
-acetylcholine: synthesis and degradation
-all SNS and PNS preganglionic neurons
-all PNS postganglionic neurons
-SNS postganglionic neurons for sweat glands and some blood vessels
what makes up noradrenergic neruons?
-norepinephrine
-most SNS postganglionic neurons
-the adrenal medulla releases some NE into the blood stream
what are the general functions of the autonomic nervous system?
tonic activity
reflex activity
what is tonic activity
active under normal conditions
ability to increase or decrease activity
ratio of PNS/SNS determines net effect on organ
what is reflex activity
a response to a change in environment
many basal autonomic reflexes can be modulated by other inputs to CNS or by higher brain centers
what are cooperative effects?
both PNS and SNS promote the same physiological goal
what are reciprocal effects?
one system inhibits while the other stimulates activity of the target organ which allows for very fine control of organ function
what is an alpha 1 agonist?
norepinephrine
what is a beta 1 agonist?
norepinephrine
what is a beta 2 agonist?
epinephrine
what is a nicotinergic cholinoreceptor agonst?
ACh
what is a muscarinergic cholinoreceptor agonist? antagonist?
agonist: ACh
antagonist: atropine
