Autonomic drugs pharm

Question 1

What type of drug is Bethanechol? what is it used for

Answer 1

Cholinomimetic, direct agonist.

use = urinary retention, non obstructive illeus.

“Beth hits your bladder and your bowels”

Question 2

What type of drug Cabachol? what is it used for

Answer 2

Cholinomimetic, direct agonist.

use = open angle glaucoma.
constricts pupil

Question 3

what type of drug is Methacholine? what is it used for?

Answer 3

Cholinomimetic, direct agonist.

use = induce bronchoconstriction = asthma test.

Question 4

what type of drug is Pilocarpine? what is it used for?

Answer 4

Cholinomimetic, direct agonist.

use = open and closed angle glaucoma, sjogrens syndrome(induces salivary secretions)

Question 5

side effect of cholinomimetic agents?

Answer 5

COPD, asthma, peptic ulcers

Question 6

what type of drug are Donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine? what are they used for?

Answer 6

Cholinomimetics. inhibit acetylcholinesterase.

use = Alzheimers

“Dona Riva dances at the gala”

Question 7

what type of drug is edrophonium? what is it used for?

Answer 7

Cholinomimetics. inhibit acetylcholinesterase.

use = myastenia gravis diagnosis historically

Question 8

what type of drug is Neostigmine? what is it used for?

Answer 8

Cholinomimetics. inhibit acetylcholinesterase.

use = post operative and neurogenic ileus, myasthenia gravis

Question 9

what type of drug is Physostigmine? what is it used for?

Answer 9

Cholinomimetics. inhibit acetylcholinesterase.

use = antidote for anticholinergic toxicty, PHYsostigmine Phixes atropine overdose

Phreely crosses blood brain barrier - CNS penetration

Question 10

what type of drug is Pyridostigmine? what is it used for?

Answer 10

Cholinomimetics. inhibit acetylcholinesterase.

use = Myasthenia gravis
gets RID of MG

Question 11

over-inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase by organophosphates/anticholinesterases (insecticides) results in what symptoms? how can you fix this?

Answer 11

Muscarinic effects - dairrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, emesis, lacrimation, sweating, salivation = DUMBBELLS. Treatment = atropine

Nicotinic effects - neuromuscular blockade/twitching. Treatment = pralidoxime

Question 12

what type of drugs are atropine, homatropine, tropicamide? use?

Answer 12

muscarinic antagonists

use = cause Mydriasis
atropine also used to treat bradycardia and for anticholinesterase poisoning

Question 13

what type of drugs are benztropine, trihexyphenidyl? use?

Answer 13

muscarinic antagonists

use = parkinsons disease
Park my Benz.

Question 14

what type of drug is glycopyrrolate? what is it used for?

Answer 14

muscarinic antagonist

use = preoperative to reduce airway secretions.

Question 15

what type of drugs are ipratropium and titotropium? use?

Answer 15

muscarinic antagonists

use = asthma and COPD

i PRAy i can breathe on my own

Question 16

what type of drugs are oxybutynin, solifenacin and tolterodine? use?

Answer 16

muscarinic antagonist

use = urge urinary incontinence. reduces bladder spasms

Question 17

what type of drug is scopolamine? use?

Answer 17

muscarinic agonist
motion sickness

Question 18

adverse effects of atropine?

Answer 18

hot as a hare
fast as a fiddle - HR
dry as a bone
red as a beet
blind as a bat - paralysis of ciliary muscles
mad as a hatter
full as a flask - constipation

Question 19

M2 cholinergic receptor effect?

Answer 19

decrease in HR and contractility

Question 20

M3 Cholinergic receptor effect?

Answer 20

increase in gut peristalsis, bladder contraction, bronchoconstriction, miosis

Question 21

A1 adrenergic receptor effect

Answer 21

vasoconstriction = increase in BP

Question 22

B1 adrenergic receptor effect

Answer 22

increase heart rate and contractility, increase renin release

Question 23

B2 adrenergic receptor effects

Answer 23

vasodilation, bronchodilation, increase aqueous humour production, decrease uterine tone

Question 24

B3 adrenergic receptor effects

Answer 24

increase thermogenesis and increase bladder relaxation

Question 25

what type of drugs are albuterol, salmeterol and terbutaline? use?

Answer 25

B2 agonsists
Albuterol = acute asthma/copd
salmeterol = serial/long term

Question 26

What type of drug is dobutamine? what is it used for?

Answer 26

B1 agonist
Heart Failure and cardiogenic shock.

Question 27

isopretonol use?

Answer 27

evaluation of tachyarrhythmias
equal B1 and B2 activity

Question 28

what type of drug is norepinephrine? use?

Answer 28

Alpha 1 agonist
Hypotension, shock

Question 29

what type of drug is phenylephrine? use?

Answer 29

alpha 1 agonist
hypotension, rhinistis decongestant

Question 30

can dopamine be used to treat unstable bradycardia and HF?

Answer 30

yes

Question 31

amphetamine is used to treat?

Answer 31

narcolepsy, ADHD, obesity

Question 32

ephedrine is used as a?

Answer 32

nasal congestant

Question 33

look at notes in pharm section of textbook for alpha blockers and beta blockers

Answer 33

-

Question 34

name conditions in which beta blockers are used

Answer 34

angina, glaucoma, HF, HTN, hyperthyroidism, HCM, variceal bleeding, supraventricular tachycardia, mi

Question 35

Treatment for idiopathic intracranial hypertension? side effects?

Answer 35

Acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor = HCO3- secretion in urine, increased urine ph ,metabolic acidosis with compensatory respiratory alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia

Question 36

medications that cause long QT syndrome?

Answer 36

Macrolide antibiotics - erythromycin
fluroquinolone antibiotics - ciprofloxacin
antiarrhythmics - solatol, quinidine
antipsychotics - haloperidol
antiemetics - ondansetron, metoclopramide

Question 37

which drugs can trigger acute angle glaucoma?

signs of acute angle glaucoma?

Answer 37

those that cause pupillary dilation
- alpha agonists
- anticholinergics

• pain, conjuctival injection, corneal edema (haziness)