Autonomic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Bethanechol

A

Cholinergic Agonist that stimulates the smooth muscle in the GI tract and bladder.

Use: non obstructive urinary retention

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2
Q

Carbachol

A

Cholinergic Agonist that is used to decrease IOP, not used too much

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3
Q

Methacholine

A

Cholinergic Agonist

Use: Diagnostic test for pre-asthmatics

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4
Q

Pilocarpine/Cevimeline

A

Use: Sjogrens

Pilocarpine sometimes used to reduce IOP

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5
Q

Physostigmine

A

tertiary amine that reversibly inactivates Ach-ase

SE: can cause convulsions

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6
Q

Pyridostigmine/Neostigmine

A

quaternary amine that inactivates the enzyme Ach-ase
Use: myasthenia gravis
Use: reverses non-depolarizing relaxants
Overdose: treat with atropine and pralidoximine

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7
Q

Edrophonium

A

Use: diagnostic test for myasthenia gravis

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8
Q

Ambenonium

A

Use: alternative tx for myasthenia graves for those sensitive

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9
Q

Donepezil/Rivastigmine

A

Use: tx for mild-moderate Alzheimer’s (for the low cholinergic neurons)

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10
Q

Parathion/Malathion

A

Irreversible Ach-ase inhibitor that can cause toxicity in humans via insecticides
Tx for overdose: Pralidoxime

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11
Q

Atropine

A

Anticholinergic that acts as a competitive antagonist at receptor in both CNS and PNS

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12
Q

Tropicamide

A

Anticholinergic that dilates the eye and paralyzes accommodation
Much shorter half-life than atropine

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13
Q

Scopalamine

A

Anticholinergic used for motion sickness

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14
Q

Benztropine

A

Anticholinergic for Parkinson’s under the theory that dopamine is low and Ach is too high

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15
Q

Tolteridine/Oxybutynin

A

reduce urgency in cystitis to reduce bladder spasms

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16
Q

Amphetamine

A

Adrenergic that indirectly enhances catecholamine release from adrenergic nerve terminals with A1/B1 effects
Uses: narcolepsy, ADHD, weight loss

17
Q

Tyramine

A

adrenergic found in red wine and cheese, enhances release of NE from adrenergic nerve terminals like amphetamines
Normally metabolized by MAO, so if pt is taking MAOI then can result in hypertensive crisis

18
Q

Cocaine

A

adrenergic that blocks the reuptake of NE

19
Q

Ephedrine

A

mixed-adrenergic that enhances effects of NE but also has A and B effects like Epi

20
Q

Phenylephrine

A

A1 agonist that causes mydriasis WITHOUT paralysis of accommodation

21
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

Irreversible (non-selective) anti adrenergic that causes alpha mediated response to sympathetic discharge
SHIFTS DOSE RESPONSE CURVE DOWN
Uses: pheochromocytoma

22
Q

Phentolamine

A

Reversible (Non-Selective) anti-adrenergic

Uses: pheochromocytoma

23
Q

Prazosin/Tamsulosin

A

Reversible A1 Selective
Uses: Zosin’s used for hypertension
Tamsulosin used for BPH to block A1a receptors in the urinary tract

24
Q

A-M olol’s

A

B1 specific blockers = decrease in HR, SV, CO, Renin release

mask tachycardia associated with hypoglycemia in diabetics

25
Q

N-Z olol’s

A

Non-specific adrenergic antagonists
Decrease in HR, renin release, bronchospasm, decrease in aqueous humor production, increase in LDLs, block glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, mask tachycardia associated with hypoglycemia in diabetics

26
Q

Labetalol/Carvidilol

A

A1 and Beta Blockers

Use: CHF (carvidilol) and in hypertensive emergencies (labetalol)

27
Q

Pindolol/Acebutolol

A

B1 and B1/B2 PARTIAL agonist respectively but competes with NE so acts as an antagonist
lowers risks of increased LDLs