Autonomic Drugs Flashcards
Bethanechol
Cholinergic Agonist that stimulates the smooth muscle in the GI tract and bladder.
Use: non obstructive urinary retention
Carbachol
Cholinergic Agonist that is used to decrease IOP, not used too much
Methacholine
Cholinergic Agonist
Use: Diagnostic test for pre-asthmatics
Pilocarpine/Cevimeline
Use: Sjogrens
Pilocarpine sometimes used to reduce IOP
Physostigmine
tertiary amine that reversibly inactivates Ach-ase
SE: can cause convulsions
Pyridostigmine/Neostigmine
quaternary amine that inactivates the enzyme Ach-ase
Use: myasthenia gravis
Use: reverses non-depolarizing relaxants
Overdose: treat with atropine and pralidoximine
Edrophonium
Use: diagnostic test for myasthenia gravis
Ambenonium
Use: alternative tx for myasthenia graves for those sensitive
Donepezil/Rivastigmine
Use: tx for mild-moderate Alzheimer’s (for the low cholinergic neurons)
Parathion/Malathion
Irreversible Ach-ase inhibitor that can cause toxicity in humans via insecticides
Tx for overdose: Pralidoxime
Atropine
Anticholinergic that acts as a competitive antagonist at receptor in both CNS and PNS
Tropicamide
Anticholinergic that dilates the eye and paralyzes accommodation
Much shorter half-life than atropine
Scopalamine
Anticholinergic used for motion sickness
Benztropine
Anticholinergic for Parkinson’s under the theory that dopamine is low and Ach is too high
Tolteridine/Oxybutynin
reduce urgency in cystitis to reduce bladder spasms