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Pharmacology > Autonomic Adrenergic Pharmacology > Flashcards

Autonomic Adrenergic Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Where are adrenergic alpha 1 receptors located?

A

in the vascular smooth muscle (skin, kidney, viscera, and skeletal muscle)

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2
Q

What are adrenergic alpha 1 receptors responsible for?

A

the constriction of vascular smooth muscle

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3
Q

Where are adrenergic alpha 2 receptors located?

A

present in pre-synaptic adrenergic neurons, various post synaptic locations, and extra-synaptic locations

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4
Q

What are adrenergic alpha 2 receptors responsible for?

A

the auto inhibition of norepinephrine release - they turn off the release

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5
Q

Where are adrenergic beta 1 receptors located?

A

SA node, atria, and ventricles of the heart

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6
Q

What is the role of adrenergic beta 1 receptors?

A

increased contractility, heart rate, and conduction velocity

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7
Q

Where are adrenergic beta 2 receptors located?

A

pulmonary airway muscle, vasculature of skeletal muscle (and other vasculature), and pre-synaptic adrenergic neurons

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8
Q

What is the role of adrenergic beta 2 receptors in the bronchioles?

A

dilation of airways

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9
Q

What is the role of adrenergic beta 2 receptors in vasculature of skeletal muscle?

A

the dilation of blood vessels

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10
Q

What is the role of adrenergic beta 2 pre-synaptic neurons?

A

auto stimulation of norepinephrine release

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11
Q

What are some general clinical uses for catecholamines?

A

Local anesthetics, hemostatic, cardiac arrest, AV block, anaphylactic shock and allergic reactions

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12
Q

What would be the point of having EPI in a local anesthetic?

A

it is hemostatic and it helps to keep the anesthetic at the desired site by alpha 1 adrenergic receptor constriction of the vasculature

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13
Q

When is EPI used as a hemostatic agent?

A

in surgery to stop bleeding

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14
Q

What is Isoproteronol (as in what does it target)?

A

it is a beta agonist

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15
Q

Why would you want catecholamines for anaphylactic shock and allergic reactions?

A

It is used to try to regulate the heart in these situations and for beta 2 regulation to open up the airways

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16
Q

If you accidentally inject your finger with EPI, what kind of drug would you want?

A

An alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist, the general alpha adrenergic antagonist Phentolamine is the most common choice

17
Q

What type of drug is ephedrine?

A

it is an alpha and beta agonist

18
Q

What does Ephedrine do?

A

stimulate beta 3 receptors to increase lipolysis

19
Q

What clinically can ephedrine be used for?

A

it can be used for urinary incontinence

20
Q

What type of drug is phenylephrine?

A

an alpha agonist

21
Q

What is veterinary use for phenylephrine?

A

hypotension and shock, ophthalmological (pupil dilation)

22
Q

What are some beta 2 agonists used in veterinary medicine?

A

albuterol, clenbuterol, and terbutaline

23
Q

What is the veterinary use for beta 2 agonists?

A

bronchodilation - sympathetic system drives the release of norepinephrine onto the bronchial system to drive bronchodilation and better oxygen exchange

24
Q

What beta 2 agonist is used in fast acting inhalers?

A

albuterol

25
Q

What is clenbuterol used for?

A

COPD in horses

26
Q

What is the veterinary use for beta blockers?

A

decreased blood pressure

27
Q

What beta blockers are used in veterinary medicine?

A

propanalol and atenolol

28
Q

What does propanalol block?

A

Beta 1, but does have beta 2 blocking capability

29
Q

Aside from decreasing blood pressure, what is atenolol used for?

A

anti-anxiety in dogs and cats

30
Q

What alpha blockers are used in veterinary medicine?

A

phenoxybenzamine and phentolamine

31
Q

What receptors does phenoxybenzamine target?

A

alpha 1 and 2

32
Q

What is the veterinary use for phenoxybenzamine?

A

it is used to decrease urethral sphincter tone

33
Q

Aside from saving your finger after you have accidentally stabbing yourself with some epi, what can phentolamine be used for?

A

to treat high blood pressure associated with epinephrine release due to a pheochromocytoma

Pharmacology (16 decks)

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