Autoimmunity and Allergies (Quiz 6)

Question 1

What are allergies

Answer 1

-Hypersensitive response to a harmless environmental antigen

Question 2

What is an allergen

Answer 2

antigen that triggers allergic response

Question 3

What Ab mediates allergies?

Answer 3

Most allergies are IgE-mediated

Question 4

Basophils and Mast Cells activate what

Answer 4

-can then activate the B cell
-B cell makes IgE
-binds to Basophil/mast cell
-activated can then activate B cells (through CD40L)
-more IgE made

Question 5

What is atopy

Answer 5

predisposition to become sensitized to allergen

Question 6

What is an atopic individual

Answer 6

generally becomes sensitized to multiple allergens

Question 7

Super clean environments appear to cause what

Answer 7

-atopy
-might want exposure
Theory: lack of helminths is causing an increase in allergies

Question 8

List two effector mechanisms of IgE allergic response

Answer 8

-Mast cell degranulation releases many signaling molecules
-Histamines being a big one (chemokines, cytokines, prostaglandins)

Question 9

What are the two allergic reactions

Answer 9

-immediate (more concentrated) and late phase (more general/ spread out)

Question 10

How are allergy symptoms determined

Answer 10

determined by which route the allergen is administered

Question 11

How do you treat allergies

Answer 11

by blocking effectors (antihistamines)

Question 12

If the allergic response is not IgE-mediated what is another cause

Answer 12

-cellular hypersensitivity (generally T cell-mediated)