Autoimmune Diseases Flashcards
In most cases of autoimmunity there is thought to be a_____ factor that acts on a _____ susceptible individual
environmental, genetically
Name all the symptoms of lupus and how many of them are needed to make a diagnosis
Malar rash, discoid rash, photosensitivity, oral ulcers, arthritis, renal disorder, hematological disorder, immunological disorder (anti ds DNA, anti Smith , Antiphospholipid antibody), neurological disorder, antinuclear antibody/ 4 out of 11 needed
systemic lupus erythematosus has what two unique antibody systems in abundance
anti ds DNA, anti Smith
drug induced lupus erythematosus has what unique antibody system in abundance
anti histone
Describe the pathogenesis of lupus
genes involved include MHC II and complement–> apoptotic bodies fail to clear out–> nucleosmal proteins and self antigens present–> T-cells and B-cells specific for the self antigens activate–> IgG autoantibody production–> immune complexes (Type III) or autoantibody (Type II) mediated tissue injury
What is included in a full house granular deposition?
IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, C1q (C4)
What kind of effect does lupus have on the heart?
Can lead to fibrinous pericarditis/cardiac rub, can also leave libman-sacks deposits on mitral valve and cardiac wall
What are the class of lupus glomerulonephritis and which ones are dangerous?
Class I: Normal (not dangerous)
Class II: Mesangial (not dangerous)
Class III: Focal proliferative (dangerous)
Class IV: Diffuse proliferative (dangerous)
Class V: Membranous (protein in urine but not destruction)
Class VI: Diffuse sclerosing (RIP)
What is the difference between Class III and Class IV lupus glomerulnephritis
Class III is 50% glomeruli affected
For Class III and Class IV lupus glomerulnephritis, describe the location and process of degradation
The immune complexes are next to the endothelium lining–> fenestrae between the endothelial allow complement to enter–> immune complexes convert complement to C5a which recruits neutrophils–> decreased levels of complement in the serum due to this happening in the kidney
Where is membranous lupus located in kidney cells?
Subepithelium–> effect podocytes thus letting proteins enter urine
Whats the difference between lupus arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis?
Lupus arthritis does not have joint deformity
CNS lupus is usually caused by what?
Angioplsty associated with antiphospholipid antibodies
What time of day does Rheumatoid arthritis joint pain usually feel worse?
Morning
What two test are used to confrim Rheumatoid arthritis?
Rheumatoid factor, anti CCP
This disease usually involves the HLA-B27 genes, involves ligament attaching to bone, the sacroilliac joint, and is absent in RF and anti-CCP
Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies
What disease specifically leads to the loss of lumbar lordosis?
Ankylosing spondylitis
This autoimmune disease involves xerostomia and keritanoconjunctivitis sicca because it is thought that T-cells destroy salivary and lacrimal glands, has SS-A and SS-B antibodies, is associated with RA and RF, and increases the incidence of B-cell lymphoma by 40x
Sjogren Syndrome
This disease involves the Scl-70 antibody and has a nucleolar ANA
Diffuse scleroderma
This disease involvs the CREST symptoms and has anticentromere antibodies
Limited scleroderma
A marked sign of sceleroderma is diffuse____ in the tissue
fibrosis and intimal thickening (no immune deposits)
When the skin turns from white to blue to red after being exposed to cold
raynuad’s phenomenon
This autoimmune disease leads to difficulty in rising from a chair or climbing stairs, and involves the infiltration of lymphocytes into muscle, heliotrope eyes
Inflammatory myopathy
This disease is a combination of SLE, scleroderma, and inflammatory myopathy, involves antibodies to RNP, and causes little renal disease and responds well to steroids
Mixed connective tissue disease
