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Y2C1 zafer > Autocoids > Flashcards

Autocoids Flashcards

1
Q

Eicosanoids are derived from which precursor?

A

Arachidonic acid

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2
Q

Name three main eicosanoids.

A

Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes, Leukotrienes

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3
Q

What enzyme is responsible for liberating arachidonic acid from cell membrane phospholipids?

A

Phospholipase A (PLA)

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4
Q

What are the isoforms of Cyclooxygenase (COX)?

A

COX-1, COX-2, COX-3

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5
Q

Which pathway is responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes?

A

Lipoxygenase pathway

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6
Q

What drug is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used in asthma?

A

Zafirkulast

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7
Q

What are the products of the Cyclooxygenase pathway?

A

Prostaglandins and Thromboxanes

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8
Q

Which prostaglandins are vasodilators?

A

PGI2 (prostacyclin), PGE2

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9
Q

Which prostaglandins are vasoconstrictors?

A

TXA2 (Thromboxane A2), PGF2α

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10
Q

What role does PGI2 play in platelet function?

A

Inhibits platelet aggregation

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11
Q

Which drug selectively inhibits COX-2?

A

Celecoxib

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12
Q

Lipoxins are derived from which fatty acid?

A

Arachidonic acid (ω-6 fatty acid)

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13
Q

What is the main role of lipoxins in inflammation?

A

Resolution of inflammation

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14
Q

Which leukotrienes are potent bronchoconstrictors involved in asthma?

A

LTC4, LTD4, LTE4

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15
Q

Which enzyme converts arachidonic acid to leukotrienes?

A

Lipoxygenase (5-LOASE)

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16
Q

Histamine is synthesized from which amino acid?

A

Histidine

17
Q

Which histamine receptor is involved in allergic responses and vasodilation?

A

H1 receptor

18
Q

Which histamine receptor is responsible for gastric acid secretion?

A

H2 receptor

19
Q

Which serotonin receptor is involved in emesis (vomiting)?

A

5-HT3 receptor

20
Q

What is the role of serotonin in the gastrointestinal tract?

A

Increases peristaltic movements

21
Q

Which enzyme converts prekallikrein to kallikrein in the kinin system?

A

Haegeman factor (Factor XII)

22
Q

Which two receptors mediate the effects of kinins?

A

B1 and B2 receptors

23
Q

Endothelin-1 is primarily secreted by which type of cells?

A

Vascular endothelium cells

24
Q

Which drug is a non-selective endothelin receptor antagonist used in pulmonary hypertension?

A

Bosentan

25
Q

Nitric Oxide (NO) is synthesized from which amino acid?

A

L-arginine

26
Q

What are the three isoforms of Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS)?

A

nNOS (neuronal), eNOS (endothelial), iNOS (inducible)

27
Q

What is the main effect of NO on vascular smooth muscles?

A

Vasodilation

28
Q

Which class of drugs acts as NO donors to induce vasodilation?

A

Organic nitrates (e.g., nitroprusside)

29
Q

Neurotensin acts as a neuromodulator and has therapeutic potential in which diseases?

A

Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia

30
Q

What is the primary role of Urotensin II in the body?

A

Acts as a potent vasoconstrictor

Y2C1 zafer (1 decks)

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