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Pharmacology > Autocoid Drugs > Flashcards

Autocoid Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of omalizumab

A

Binds to IgE receptors on mast cells and basophils

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2
Q

MOA of diphenhydramine

A

Blocks the H-1 histamine receptor

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3
Q

MOA of cimetidine

A

Blocks the H-2 histamine receptors

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4
Q

MOA of the -lukasts

A

blocks the leukotriene receptor

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5
Q

MOA of cromolyn

A

inhibits mas cell degranulation

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6
Q

MOA of theophylline and roflumilast

A

inhibits phosphodiesterases

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7
Q

1st generation antihistamines

A

diphenhydramine
meclizine - less sedation
cyclizine - less sedation

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8
Q

2nd generation antihistamines

A

Certizine
Desloratadine
Fexofenadine
Terfenadine

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9
Q

1st generation antihistamines differ from 2nd generation

A

All 1st generation have anticholinergic effects whereas 2nd generation do not

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10
Q

Busprione

A

5-HT1A partial agonist
used an as anxiolytic (GAD)

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11
Q

5-HT agonists with serious adverse effect of Pulmonary HTN and valvular lesions

A

Fenfluramine
Dexfenfluramine
Phentermine

(Fen-Phen)

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12
Q

Cisapride

A

5-HT4 agonist

use: GERD/GI motility

enhances the release of ACh

cardia arrhythmias

prolongs QT

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13
Q

Tegaserod

A

partial 5-HT4 agonist used for IBS-C

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14
Q

-triptans

A

5-HT1D agonist

treatment for migraine headaches

Sumatriptan, naratriptan, rizatriptan, eletriptan, frova triptan, and zolmitriptan

can cause coronary vasospasm and angina

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15
Q

Lorcaserin

A

5-HT 2c agonist for treatment for of obesity

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16
Q

Lasmiditan

A

5-HT 1F receptor agonist for migraine headaches (new)

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17
Q

Ondansetron, ganisteron, dolasteron

A

The -setrons

5-HT3 antagonist used for treatment of nausea and vomiting during cancer chemotherapy

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18
Q

Aloserton

A

treats IBS-D

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19
Q

Morning sickness preferred treatment drugs

A

doxylamine/pyridoxine

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20
Q

ergot alkaloids

A

Erogtamine
Dihydroergotamine

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21
Q

Ergonovine/methylergonovine

A

treats post partum hemorrhage

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22
Q

Lysergic acid diethylamide

A

hallucinogen

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23
Q

Topiramate

A

anticonvulsant that prevents migraine

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24
Q

Valproic acid

A

anticonvulsant that prevents migraine

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25
Q

prolong and excessive treatment with dihydroergotamine

A

results in gangrene

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26
Q

Dry hacking cough

A

ACE inhibitors

Lisinopril

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27
Q

MOA of ACE Inhibitors

A

reduces angiotensin II formation and lowers BP & cardiovascular disease through 4 mechanisms
1. reduced AT vasoconstrictions = vasodilation lowers BP by reducing PVR w/o reflex tachycardia
2. reduce AT II will decrease aldosterone release from adrenal medulla, decrease fluid volume and decrease CO
3. reduced destruction of bradykinin = increase bradykinin levels - vasodilation to enhance BP lowering
4. decrease vascular and cardia hypertrophy & remodeling

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28
Q

Ramipril

A

does not negatively effect blood lipids or glucose
does not cause reflex tachycardia

29
Q

JNC 8 Recommendations

A

General non-black population: thiazides, CCB, ACEI, or ARB

General black population: thiazides or CCB initially

CKD: treatment should include ACEI or ARB

Do not use ACEI and ARB together for risk of hyperkalemia.

30
Q

Angina pectoris

A

use:
beta blocker
diltiazem
verapamil

don’t use:
hydralazine
minoxidil

31
Q

Asthma & COPD

A

use:
CCB
ACEI

don’t use:
beta blocker

32
Q

BPH

A

use:
alpha blocker

don’t use: none listed

33
Q

Collagen disease (SLE)

A

use:
ACEI (but not captopril)

don’t use
hydralazine
methyldopa

34
Q

Depression

A

use:
ACEI or ARB
CCB

don’t use:
centrally acting alpha 2 agonists
beta blocker
reserpine

35
Q

DM

A

use:
ACEI or ARB
CCB
Angiotensin receptor antagonist

don’t use:
beta blocker
diuretic

36
Q

Gout

A

don’t use diuretic

37
Q

Heart failure

A

use:
ACEI inhibit or ARB
diuretic
hydralazine
beta blocker

don’t use:
CCB

38
Q

endoge3nous substances that is thought to produce dry hacking cough in a patient taking enalapril

A

bradykinin

39
Q

AT II properties

A

increase IP3, DAG via AT1 G-protein receptors.
constricts arterioles, increase aldosterone secretion

40
Q

Bradykinin properties

A

Increase IP3, DAG, NO, cGMP. Dilates arterioles, increases capillary permeability, stimulates sensory nerve endings

41
Q

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)

A

an extremely potent vasodilator; causes hypotension and reflex tachycardia

42
Q

Endothelin properties

A

increase IP3, DAG via G-protein-coupled ETa and ETb receptors. Synthesized in vascular endothelium. constrict most vessels, may play a pathophysiologic role in pulmonary hypertension

43
Q

Activation of which of the following receptors in an experimental subject would be responsible for the RELEASE of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from pituitary corticotropes?

44
Q

Vasopressin receptors

A

V1a - vascular smooth muscle causing vasoconstriction = Gq pathway
V1b - potentiate release of ACTH by pituitary corticotropes = Gq pathway
V2 - in renal cells produce antidiuresis by increasing water permeability and reabsorption in collecting tubules (insertion of water channels) = Gs pathway

45
Q

Which of the following prostaglandins is likely to cause bronchoconstriction in a asthmatic man?

A

TXA2; PGF2alpha, & PGD2

46
Q

prostaglandin preparations appropriate used as an ophthalmic solution to LOWER intraocular pressure (IOP) in open-angle glaucoma?

A

Latanoprost (PGF2alpha)

47
Q

Eicosanoids

A

Alprostadil
Carboprost tromethamine
Dinoprostone
Epoprostenol
Latanoprost
Misoprostol

48
Q

Inhibitor of eicosanoid synthesis

A

corticosteroids
NSAIDs

49
Q

Leukotriene receptor antagonist

A

Zafirlukast
Montelukast

50
Q

Ergot Alkaloids and related compounds

A

Bromocriptine
Dihydroergotamine
Ergonovine
Ergotamine
Lysergic Acid
diethylamide (LSD)

51
Q

AT II converting enzyme inhibitors

A

captopril
enalapril

52
Q

Serotonin agonists

A

Sumpatriptan (5-HT1d)
Ciapride, Tegaserod, (5-HT4)
Buspirone (5-HT1A)

53
Q

Peptides

A

Bradykinin
Vasopressin
DDAVP
Angiotensin II

54
Q

Oxytocic actions

A

PGE1
PGE2
PGF2a

55
Q

Dinoprostone

A

used for cervical ripening

PGE2

Misoprostol - abortion

56
Q

Oxytocin

A

posterior pituitary hormones use clinically to control postpartum bleeding after delivery of the placenta
Induce milk ejection

57
Q

Molecular target: terbutaline

A

Beta-2 recptors

58
Q

Molecular target: steriods

A

nuclear receptor driven gene expression

59
Q

Molecular target: -lukasts

A

leukotriene receptors

60
Q

molecular target: zileuton

A

leukotriene synthesis

61
Q

molecular target: ipratropium

A

muscarinic receptor

62
Q

molecular target: theophylline

A

phosphodiesterase

63
Q

Monoclonal antibodies for asthma

A

Omalizumab
Mepolizumab
Reslizumab
Benraliumab

64
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

alter nuclear receptor driven gene expression

beclomethasone
budesonide
flunisolide
fluticasone
mometasone
ciclesonide (prodrug)

65
Q

Drug critical to keep the plasma concentration within a narrow range

A

Theophylline

66
Q

Emergency treatment for severe asthmas or COPD when bronchodilators do not resolved the airway obstruction

A

Oral steroids - prednisone
Parenteral - methylprednisolone

67
Q

long acting beta 2 agonist risk

A

asthma-related deaths r/t down regulation of receptors

68
Q

Omalizumab

A

antibodies directed towards the IgE high affinity Fc receptor on mast cells

control moderate to severe asthma not controlled by inhaled steriods

Pharmacology (5 decks)

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