Autoantibodies

Question 1

ANA (anti-nuclear antibodies = non-specific antibodies against antigens within the nucleus)

Answer 1

SLE (systemic lupus erythematous); Sjögren’s syndrome; Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis)

Question 2

Anti-SS-A (anti-Ro) and anti-SS-B (anti-La)

Answer 2

associated with Sjogren’s syndrome

Question 3

Rheumatoid factor (anti-IgG antibodies = autoantibodies (mostly IgM) directed against the Fc portion of IgG)

Answer 3

Rheumatoid arthritis; Sjögren’s syndrome

Question 4

Anti-centromere (autoantibodies against centromeric proteins)

Answer 4

CREST syndrome (subset of limited scleroderma (systemic sclerosis))

Question 5

Anti-Jo-1 (antibody against histidyl-tRNA-synthetase antigen)

Answer 5

Polymyositis; Dermatomyositis

Question 6

Anti-U1 RNP (antibodies against a U1 ribonucleoprotein complex, especially the 70kD epitope)

Answer 6

Mixed connective tissue disease

Question 7

Anti-mitochondrial

Answer 7

Primary biliary cirrhosis

Question 8

Anti-smooth muscle

Answer 8

Autoimmune hepatitis

Question 9

Anti-transglutaminase, anti-gliadin and anti-endomysial

Answer 9

Celiac disease

Question 10

Anti-GBM (anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies = autoantibodies against the Goodpasture antigen — a peptide within the noncollagenous portion of the α3 chain of type IV collagen):

Answer 10

Goodpasture syndrome

Question 11

Anti-desmoglein (autoantibodies against desmoglein-1 and desmoglein-3 in the desmosomes that form intercellular junctions between keratinocytes in the epidermis)

Answer 11

Pemphigus vulgaris

Question 12

Anti-hemidesmosome (autoantibodies against bullous pemphigus antigens 1 and 2 in the type XVII collagen components of hemidesmosomes)

Answer 12

Bullous pemphigoid

Question 13

Anti-microsomal (anti-TPO (thyroid peroxidase)) and anti-thyroglobulin

Answer 13

associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis

Question 14

Anti-TSH receptor

Answer 14

Graves disease

Question 15

Anti-glutamate decarboxylase:

Answer 15

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Question 16

Anti-21-hydroxylase

Answer 16

Addison disease (primary chronic adrenocortical insufficiency)

Question 17

Anti-proteinase 3 (PR3-ANCA, formerly known as c-ANCA (cytoplasmic antineutrophil-cytoplasmic antibodies))

Answer 17

Wegener granulomatosis

Question 18

Anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO-ANCA, formerly known as p-ANCA (perinuclear antineutrophil-cytoplasmic antibodies))

Answer 18

Churg-Strauss syndrome and Microscopic polyangiitis;

Question 19

Anti-Histone

Answer 19

Drug induced Lupus

Question 20

ANA and anti-DNA topoisomerase I (Scl-70) antibody

Answer 20

Scleroderma

Question 20

Anti-dsDNA, Anti-Smith

Answer 20

SLE