Authorities

Question 1

The literal approach

Answer 1

Engineers Case 1920

Question 2

The golden rule

Answer 2

Grey v Pearson 1857

Question 3

The mischief rule

Answer 3

Heydons case 1584

Question 4

The literal rule of construction

Answer 4

Mills v Meeking 1990

Question 5

Courts cannot ignore a word in an act

Answer 5

R v L 1994

Question 6

Can courts correct errors in the act?

Answer 6

Taylor v Owners

Question 7

The purpose of legislation

Answer 7

Lacey v AG (qld) 2011

Question 8

Unreasonable consequences

Answer 8

Barton Case 1957

Question 9

The contextual approach

Answer 9

CIC Insurance Case 1997

Question 10

All words carry meaning

Answer 10

Project Blue Sky 1998

Question 11

Words are presumed to be used consistently throughout an act

Answer 11

Wilson Case 1986

Question 12

Words are presumed to carry their current meaning

Answer 12

Deputy commissioner of Taxation v Clark 2003

Question 13

Noscitur a sociis

Answer 13

R v Ann Harris 1836

Question 14

Expressio unius est exclusio alterius

Answer 14

Wiesengrund [1955]

Question 15

For the purpose of an act, ordinary words may be given specific meaning

Answer 15

Fisher v Bell [1961]

Question 16

Dictionaries may be used in a non-conclusive way to define words of an act

Answer 16

State chamber of commerce and industry v commonwealth 1987

Question 17

Terra nullius

Relationship with sovereignty over the settled land

Answer 17

Cooper v Stuart 1889

Question 18

Native title post

Answer 18

Mabo;

Wik peoples v Queensland 1996

Question 19

Noscitur a sociis (meaning - not authority)

Answer 19

A thing is known by its associates.

Use if there is no pattern in the words

Question 20

Ejusdem generis (meaning - not authority)

Answer 20

Of the same kind

Domestic pets example

Question 21

Expressio unius

{est exclusio alterius} (meaning - not authority)

Answer 21

The mention of one thing is the exclusion of another

Question 22

Procedural fairness

Answer 22

Kioa 1985

Question 23

Generalia specialibus

{non derogant}
meaning

Answer 23

General provisions do not override specific provisions

Question 24

The words of a minister must not be substituted for the text of the law

Answer 24

Bolton 1987

Question 25

Parliament does not interfere with fundamental rights

Answer 25

Coco 1994

Question 26

All criminal offences have some form of mens rea

Answer 26

He Kaw Teh 1985

Question 27

Penal provisions are strictly construed

Answer 27

Beckwith 1976

Question 28

Statutes do not operate restrospectively

Answer 28

Rodway 1990