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Software Development > Authoring a Website > Flashcards

Authoring a Website Flashcards

1
Q

Name 6 common web browsers.

A

Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Internet Explorer, Safari, Opera, Firefox.

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2
Q

How does a web browser affect the performance/design of a website?

A

Older web browsers, such as Internet Explorer, don’t support newer languages like HTML5 and CSS3. Older web browsers will ignore any code it doesn’t understand, so the website is displayed incorrectly.

Web browsers also have different features and user interfaces. These features include bookmarks, find in page, plugins/extensions, etc.

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3
Q

Name 3 common operating systems.

A

Windows 10, macOS, Linux.

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4
Q

How does an operating system affect the performance/design of a website?

A 
All operating systems have different user interfaces, fonts and designs for websites. For example, a drop down menu will look different depending on your operating system.
Apple computers (and other Apple devices) use Retina Display in their screens. Retina Display uses a greater range of colours and a higher pixel density than most other screens, making smaller text and images look less pixelated. Digital designers often use Apple computers for this reason.
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5
Q

What is an operating system?

A

An Operating System is the interface between the user and the hardware of a computer.

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6
Q

What does CLI and GUI stand for?

A

CLI - Command Line Interface. (e.g. Linux)

GUI - Graphical User Interface. (e.g. Windows 10)

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7
Q

How does a device affect the performance/design of a website?

A

Devices have different screen sizes. Smaller screen sizes can push content off the sides of the screen, forcing users to scroll horizontally. Instead, websites should be designed with responsive website design, so that all of the content is displayed correctly (no horizontal scrolling)

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8
Q

What is responsive website design?

A

Responsive website design allows webpages to be displayed correctly across many different devices. This usually involves elements being resized based on the screen/window size. Media tags can also be used to change the layout of the webpage based on the screen/window size.

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9
Q

What is bandwidth, and how does it affect the performance/design of a website?

A

Bandwidth is the amount of information that can be sent/received over a given timeframe. Bandwidth can affect how fast websites are loaded.

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10
Q

What is the main difference between HTTP and HTTPS?

A

Webpages that use the HTTPS scheme encrypt data on the webpage and data that is entered by the user. You should never enter your credit card details on a website that doesn’t start with HTTPS.

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11
Q

What are the different parts of a URL called? What do they mean?

A

scheme://sitelocation:port/documentlocation?fragment

Scheme - The way a webpage is accessed (usually HTTP or HTTPS)
Site Location - Where a server is located on the internet
Port Number (optional) - Usually port 80 for HTTP or port 443 for HTTPS.
Document Location - Where the document/webpage is located on the server. Slashes are used to represent folders.
Fragment Identifier - Provides additional information about the page. e.g. Google query

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12
Q

What affects the speed at which a website is loaded?

A

The bandwidth of the access point (larger bandwidth = faster), the distance from the device to the access point (closer = faster), the amount of devices connected to the access point (less devices = faster), the amount of access points nearby (more access points = more traffic = slower), the file sizes of the webpage and any images on the webpage (larger file sizes = slower) and if the connection is wired or wireless (wired = faster).

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13
Q

What is the difference between HTML and HTML5?

A

HTML5 added additional functionality and support for file types, such as SVG.

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14
Q

What does HTML stand for? What is it used for?

A

HTML stands for Hyper-Text Markup Language. It is used to structure the webpage.

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15
Q

What is the difference between CSS and CSS3?

A

CSS3 added more support for responsive website design (such as media tags)

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16
Q

What does CSS stand for? What is it used for?

A

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. It is used to style the elements on a webpage.

17
Q

What is JavaScript used for?

A

JavaScript is a client-side scripting language that adds interactivity to webpages.

18
Q

What does XML stand for? What is it used for?

A

XML stands for Extensible Markup Language. Similarly to HTML, it is used to structure the webpage, but it has additional functionality. For example, you can use special tags for phone numbers or address which can be interacted with.

19
Q

What are web development tools?

A

Web development tools are used to help design a website. These can be image editing software, video editing software, audio editing software, code editing software, web authoring tools (can view the design of the website) or WYSIWYG editors.

20
Q

Give examples of different types of web development tools.

A

Photoshop (image editing tool), Premier Pro (video editing tool), Audacity (audio editing tool), Atom (code editing tool/web authoring tool), Dreamweaver (WYSIWYG editor).

21
Q

Name 3 different URL protocols.

A

HTTP (Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol), HTTPS (Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol Secured) and FTP (File Transfer Protocol).

22
Q

What’s the difference between lossy and lossless compression?

A

Lossy compression greatly reduces the size of a file, but loses some of the quality. Lossless compression slightly reduces the size of a file, but doesn’t lose any quality.

23
Q

What is the purpose of compression?

A

To reduce the size of files, so that you can save space on your hard drive, reduce the time taken for websites to load and so you can send files as emails.

24
Q

Name 3 different image file types and discuss their properties.

A

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group), has lossy compression, lower file size than PNG. Built for website design.
PNG (Portable Network Graphics), has lossless compression, good balance between quality and file size.
GIF (Graphics Interchange Format), used as 2D animation, lower quality than other image types.
SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics), drawn using lines instead of pixels. Quality stays the same regardless of size of image. Very high quality and file size, used for logos.
BMP (Bitmap) Lossy compression

25
Q

Name 3 different video file types and discuss their properties.

A

MP4 / MPEG4 Part 14 (Moving Pictures Experts Group), small file size but high quality. Can hold captions/subtitles. Uses lossy compression.
AVI (Audio Video Interleave), supports lossless compression. Higher file size than MP4.
WMV (Windows Media Video), uses lossless compression. Very high quality but must be stored in a lower file size.

26
Q

Name 3 different audio file types and discuss their properties.

A

MP3 / MPEG Audio Layer 3 (Moving Pictures Experts Group), uses lossy compression. Low file size and lower quality than other file types.
WAV (Waveform Audio File Format), supports lossless compression. Higher quality and file size than MP3. Large dynamic ranges.
FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec), very high quality but large file sizes.

27
Q

Name 2 different compression file types.

A

ZIP and RAR (Roshal Archive)

28
Q

What does W3C stand for and what do they do?

A

W3C stands for World Wide Web Consortium. They set standard practices for many things on the internet.

29
Q

Name 4 different areas in which web standards have been set by the W3C.

A

HTML & HTML5, CSS & CSS3, XML, JavaScript.

30
Q

Why should developers follow web standards?

A

If web developers follow web standards, it is easier for others to understand the code, and it helps the browsers display the website properly.

31
Q

The W3C is a vendor neutral organisation. What does this mean?

A

Vendor neutrality means they don’t prefer a specific operating system, platform or programming language. This is so they don’t put limits on the web.

32
Q

Name 3 different principles of the W3C.

A

Web for All, Web on Everything and Web for Rich Interaction.

33
Q

What does Web for All mean?

A

The W3C believes that the web and its benefits should be available to all people, regardless of location, hardware, software, language or physical / mental ability.

34
Q

What does Web on Everything mean?

A

More and more devices are using the Web now – phones, PDAs, TVs, voice
response devices and even some domestic applications can access the web. The web should not be limited to certain devices.

35
Q

What does Web for Rich Interaction mean?

A

The Web was invented as a communications tool intended to allow anyone, anywhere to share information. For many years, the Web was a “read-only” tool for many. Blogs and wikis brought more authors to the Web, and social networking emerged to allow more interaction on the web.

36
Q

What is a browser?

A

A browser is an application that displays websites and other resources on the internet.

Software Development (1 decks)

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