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Pharmacology - FTCM 1 > Autacoids > Flashcards

Autacoids Flashcards

1
Q

Cromolyn

Nedocromil

A

Release inhibitors

Use:
- reduce immunologic mast cell degranulation

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2
Q 
Chlorpheniramine
Cyclizine
Diphenhydramine
Dimenhydrinate
Hydroxyzine
Meclizine
Promethazine
A

H1 receptor antagonists
1st generation

Mechanism of Action:
- block cholinergic, a-adrenergic, serotonin & Na-channels

Use:

  • allergic rhinitis
  • uticaria
  • motion sickness (H1)
  • nausea (H1)
  • insominia

Adverse:

  • sedation (H1 > H2)
  • dry mouth (anticholinergic)
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3
Q

Fexofenadine
Loratadine
Cetirizine

A

H1 receptor antagonist
2nd generation

Mechanism of Action:
- block cholinergic, a-adrenergic, serotonin & Na-channels

Use:

  • allergic rhinitis
  • uticaria
  • motion sickness (H1)
  • nausea (H1)
  • insomnia

Adverse:

  • sedation (H1 > H2)
  • dry mouth (anticholinergic)
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4
Q

Cimetidine
Famotidine
Nizatidine
Ranitidine

A

H2 competitive antagonist

Mechanism of Action:

  • inhibit gastric acid secretion
  • Cimetidine
    • inhibit cytochrome P450
      • slows warfarin metabolism

Uses:

  • peptic ulceers
  • acute stress ulcers
  • GERD

Adverse:

  • dizziness
  • muscular pain
  • constipation
  • diarrhea
  • confusion (IV)
  • hallucinations (IV)
  • agitation (IV)
  • gynecomastia (cimetidine)
  • dec. sperm count (cimetidine)
  • galactorrhea (cimetidine)
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5
Q

Sumatriptan

A

5-HT, 1D/1B agonist

Use:
- acute severe migraine attack

Adverse:
- coronary vasospasm

Contraindications:

  • CAD
  • angina
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6
Q

Metoclopramide

A

5-HT4 agonist

Mechanism of Action:

  • prokinetic agent
  • coordinated contractions that enhance transit

Use:

  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • stomach emptying
  • migraine

Adverse:

  • somnolence
  • nervousness
  • dystonic reactions
  • extrapyramidal effects
  • tardive dyskinesia
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7
Q

Cisapride

A

5-HT4 agonist

Mechanism of Action:

  • prokinetic agent
  • prolong QT interval

Use:

  • constipation
  • reflux
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8
Q

Cyproheptadine

A

5-HT2 antagonist

Mechanism of Action:
- H1 blocking

Use:

  • allergic rhinitis
  • vasomotor rhinitis
  • management of serotonin syndrome
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9
Q

Odansetron

A

5-HT3 antagonist

Use:

  • severe nausea
  • severe vomiting
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10
Q

Ergotamine

Dihydroergotamine

A

Ergot alkaloid

Use:
- migraine

Adverse:

  • vasospasm
  • fetal distress
  • miscarriage

Contraindications:

  • pregnant women
  • peripheral vascular disease
  • CAD
  • HTN
  • impaired hepatic/renal function
  • NO concurrent vasoconstrictive drugs
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11
Q

Bromocriptine

Cabergoline

A

Ergot alkaloid

Use:
- hyperprolactinemia, pituitary tumor

Adverse:

  • vasospasm
  • fetal distress
  • miscarriage

Contraindications:

  • pregnant women
  • peripheral vascular disease
  • CAD
  • HTN
  • impaired hepatic/renal function
  • NO concurrent vasoconstrictive drugs
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12
Q

Ergonovine

Methylergonovine

A

Ergot alkaloid

Use:
- postpartum hemorrhage

Adverse:

  • coronary artery spasm (ergonovine)
  • vasospasm
  • fetal distress
  • miscarriage

Contraindications:

  • pregnant women
  • peripheral vascular disease
  • CAD
  • HTN
  • impaired hepatic/renal function
  • NO concurrent vasoconstrictive drugs
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13
Q

Misoprostol

A

Eicosanoid
PGE1

Mechanism of Action:

  • contractions mediated by Ca
  • relaxation mediated by cAMP

Use:

  • peptic ulcers, high NSAID doses
  • ripen cervix at or near term
  • postpartum hemorrhage
  • abortifacient (+ mifepristone/methotrexate)
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14
Q

Dinoprostone

A

Eicosanoid
PGE2

Mechanism of Action:

  • contractions mediated by Ca
  • relaxation mediated by cAMP

Use:

  • ripen cervix at or near term
  • abortifacient
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15
Q

Alprostadil

A

Eicosanoid
PGE1

Mechanism of Action:

  • contractions mediated by Ca
  • relaxation mediated by cAMP

Use:

  • patency, ductus arteriosus
  • impotence
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16
Q

Epoprostenol

A

Eicosanoid
PGI2

Mechanism of Action:

  • contractions mediated by Ca
  • relaxation mediated by cAMP

Use:

  • severe pulmonary HTN
  • prevent platelet aggregation, dialysis machine
17
Q

Latanoprost

A

Eicosanoid
PGF2a

Mechanism of Action:

  • contractions mediated by Ca
  • relaxation mediated by cAMP

Use:
- glaucoma

18
Q

Zileuton

A

Leukotriene pathway inhibitor

Mechanism of Action:
- inhibit 5-lypoxygenase

Use:
- asthma

Adverse:

  • headache
  • diarrhea
  • heartburn
  • muscle pain
19
Q

Zarfirlukast

Montelukast

A

Leukotriene pathway inhibitor

Mechanism of Action:
- LTD4 antagonist

Use:
- asthma

Adverse:

  • headache
  • nausea
  • vomiting

Pharmacology - FTCM 1 (8 decks)

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