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Australian Citizenship > Australia and its people > Flashcards

Australia and its people Flashcards

1
Q

When did the first european settlements start in australia?

A

European settlement started when the frst 11 convict ships, which became known as the ‘First Fleet’, arrived from Great Britain on 26 January 1788.

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2
Q

Who are the original inabitants of australia?

A

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people

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3
Q

Where is the torres straight islands located?

A

At the north of australia in between Australia and Papua new Guinea

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4
Q

Where are the aboriginal people originally from?

A

Mainland australia and Tasmania.

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5
Q

How old is the Aboriginal culture in Australia?

A

Archeological records indicates they arrived here 65000 to 40000 years ago.

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6
Q

What do aboriginal people tell about their origin?

A

That they are central to the creation of the land and their stories commence with the beginning of time.

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7
Q

Where are the torres islander people from?

A

From northen tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea.

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8
Q

What was the first Australian Settlement?

A

The new colony of New South Wales, when they sent the first 11 convic ships from Britain.

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9
Q

Who was the first governor of the first settlement?

A

Captain Arthur Phillip.

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10
Q

Where did the first settlers come from?

A

Britain and Ireland

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11
Q

When did the gold rush began?

A

1851, with the discovery of gold in New south Wales and Victoria.

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12
Q

Who was the largest group of migrants not from Europe?

A

The chinese after the gold rush.

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13
Q

How much did the population grow after the gold rush?

A

More than doubled in 10 years.

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14
Q

When was the Australian federation created?

A

In 1901, the separate colonies were united into a federation of states called the Commonwealth of Australia

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15
Q

What was the population size when the constitution was stablished and who did it include?

A

About 4M people but excluded aboriginal and Torres Strait people.

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16
Q

When did Aboriginal and Islander people started being included in population estimates?

A

In 1967 after a referendum.

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17
Q

Who were the first immigrants in the first half of the 20th century and why?

A

British due to immigration programs for them.

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18
Q

When did non-british imigration increased an why?

A

After WW2 when millions of people left Europe.

19
Q

What is the official language of australia?

A

English only.

20
Q

How many aboriginal languages are there?

A

More than 100 distinct languages.

21
Q

How many states and territories does Australia have?

A

6 states and 2 territories.

22
Q

What are the states and territories of Australia and their capitals?

A

States

NSW -> Sydney
VIC -> Melbourne
QLD -> Brisbane
Western Australia -> Perth
South Australia -> Adelaide
Tasmania -> Hobart

Territories

Australian Capital Territory -> Canberra
Northern Territory -> Darwin

23
Q

What are the icons and flag of NSW?

A
  • Harbor Bridge

- Opera House

24
Q

What are the icons and flag of victoria?

A
  • Melbourne Cricket Ground
  • The 12 apostles
  • Royal Exhibition Building
25
Q

What are the Icons and Flag of QLD?

A
  • Great Barrier Reef
  • Tropical Rainforests
  • Dry inland
26
Q

What are the Icons and Flag of WA?

A
  • East mostly desert
  • Wine and Agriculture at the south west.
  • Large Mining projects
  • Ningaloo Coast
  • Margaret River
  • Kimberley Region
27
Q

What are the icons and flag of SA?

A
  • Rugged coastline
  • Wine regions
  • Fine colonial Architecture
  • Barossa Valley
  • Flinders Ranges
28
Q

What are the icons and flag of TAS?

A
  • Separate from mainland by the Bass Strait
  • unspoiled wilderness landscaps
  • Cradle Mountain
  • Port Arthur
  • Bay of Fires
29
Q

What are the icons and flag of ACT?

A
  • Parliament House

- High Court of Australia

30
Q

What are the icons and flag of NT?

A
  • tropical at the north
  • dry red desert in the south
  • Uluru
  • Kata Tjuta
  • Kings Canyon
31
Q

What is Welcome to Country and Acknowledmenge of Country protocols?

A

Welcome to country

Is a cerimony from an aboriginal or torres islander to welcome you into their land. Can involve songs, dance, smoke cerimonies and speech.

Aknowledge of country

Traditional Speech performed at the beginning of events to recognise and show respect to the original owners of the land (aboriginal and torres strait islanders).

32
Q

When is the Australia Day and what is it about?

A

26 January

Public holiday celebrating the first fleet from Britain in 1788.

Celebrates australian achievements and celebrates aboriginal an torres islander people.

33
Q

What is the biggest holiday in Australia?

A

Australia Day, 26 January

34
Q

What is the “Australian of the year” award?

A

It’s announced by the Prime Minister during Australia Day every year.

35
Q

When is Anzac day and what does it celebrate?

A

25 April every year

  • Named after Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
  • Landed at Gallipoli in Turkey during WW1 on 25 April 1915
  • Solemn day to remember the sacrifice of the Australians who served and died on the war
36
Q

Explain the australian flag

A
  • Union jack, the UK flag, is at the top, representing the history of British Settlement
  • Commonwealth start at the botton: has 7 points: 6 for each state, 1 for the territories
  • Southern Cross: the stars on the right, representes the starts that can be seen in the southern sky
37
Q

Explain the aboriginal flag

A
  • black top half: the aboriginal people
  • bottom red: represents the earth
  • yellow circle: the sun
38
Q

Explain the Torres Strait Islander Flag

A
  • Green stripes: the land
  • The blue panel: the sea
  • Black lines represent the Torres Strait People
  • “White Dancer” headdress is a Torres Islander Symbol
  • The points of the star represent the island groups
  • White symbolizes peace
39
Q

Describe the Commonwealth Coat of Arms

A

Represents national Unity

  • The shield represents the 6 states and federation
  • Kangaroo and Emu are native Australian animals
  • Background is golden Wattle, Australias national flower
40
Q

What is Australia’s national flower?

A

Golden Wattle

  • Golden yellow flowers on spring
  • Small tree
  • grows mainly in South-east Australias
  • Each state has their own floral emblem
41
Q

What are Australia’s national colors?

A

Green and gold (same as the golden wattle).

National Sports teams use these colors.

42
Q

What is Australias national gemstone?

A

Opal

43
Q

What is the legend about opals?

A

Aboriginals say a rainbow touched the earth and created the colours of the opal

44
Q

What is Australia’s national Anthem?

A

Advance Australia Fair

Australians all let us rejoice,
For we are one and free;

We’ve golden soil and wealth for toil;
Our home is girt by sea;
Our land abounds in nature’s gifts
Of beauty rich and rare;

In history’s page, let every stage Advance Australia Fair.
In joyful strains then let us sing, Advance Australia Fair.

Beneath our radiant Southern Cross We’ll toil with hearts and hands;

To make this Commonwealth of ours Renowned of all the lands;

For those who’ve come across the seas We’ve boundless plains to share; With courage let us all combine

To Advance Australia Fair.

In joyful strains then let us sing, Advance Australia Fair.

Australian Citizenship (3 decks)

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