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Australia Flashcards

1
Q

When was the first major viticulture boom in Australia

A

Early 1800s, gold rush caused it to die

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2
Q

When did Syrah start gaining popularity in Australia?

A

1970s

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3
Q

What two Adelaide based centers have helped to improve Austrialia’s understanding of wine?

A

The Australian Wine Research Institute and the Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)

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4
Q

What was Australians first collectable wine?

A

1951 Penfolds Grange

Released by Max Schubert

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5
Q

What is the Label Integrity Program

A

-Introduced in 1990
-85% min on variety, vintage, region
-Blneds must have grapes listed from greatest to least

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6
Q

What is Wine Australia

A

Oversees the wine industry, along with labeling, GIs, and marketing

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7
Q

What is the hiarchy of GIs?

A

State>Zone>Region>Subregion

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8
Q

What is the laws around regions and subregions?

A

-single tract of land with at least 5 independent vineyards at 5ha a piece
- min output of 500 tons

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9
Q

When were the first GIs released?

A

1994

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10
Q

What are common viticulture practices in Australia?

A

Mechanical Harvesting
Low pruning
Irrigation

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11
Q

What are the two big Irrigation Techniques in Australaia?

A

Regulated deficit irrigation
Partial rootzone drying

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12
Q

What is Regulated deficit irrigation?

A

-creates water stress during key periods in vines development by lowering the amount of water
- used after fruit set, to limit vegetation growth and enhances fruit color
- downsides are lowere yields

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13
Q

What is Partial Rootzone Drying?

A

Reduces water use by 50% by alternating drip irrigation from one side of the vine row to the other

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14
Q

Is chaptalization used?

A

It is illegal in all of AUS

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15
Q

Is acidification used?

A

Widely

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16
Q

When was the boxed wine developed?

A

1960s

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17
Q

Who developed counterintuitive technique of minimal pruning?

A

CSIRO

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18
Q

When was Wine Australia created?

A

1981

Original name was AUS Wine and Brandy Corporation

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19
Q

Where were the first vines planted, and when?

A

1788 in NSW

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20
Q

What lead to the rise of South Australia?

A

Victorias phylloxera in late 1800s

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21
Q

How many zones in South Australia

A

8

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22
Q

South Australia makes up ____ % of the total wine production

A

50%

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23
Q

Which large companies are HQ’d here

A

Accolade Wines
Perod Ricard

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24
Q

What Zones are in the Adelaide Super Zone?

A

Barossa Zone
Fleurieu Zone
Mount Lofty Range

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25
Q

What regions are in Barossa Zone?

A

Barossa Valley
Eden Valley

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26
Q

What are the ages of Barossa Old Vine Charter?

A

Old- 35 years
Survivor- 70 years
Centenarian- 100 years
Ancestor- 125 years

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27
Q

Which early settelers influenced Barossa Valley?

A

Germans

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28
Q

What is the climate in Barossa Valley?

A

Warm Continental, dry summers, low humiditiy and rainfall during growing season

low elevation

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29
Q

What are the oldes ungrafted vines?

A

Langmeil Freedom Vineyard in 1843

Syrah

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30
Q

What is the biggest grape in Barossa?

A

Shriaz

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31
Q

What is Seppeltsfield known for?

A

100 year old para liqueur

Foritifed wine, GMS to 17%

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32
Q

What are some of the big producers in Barossa?

A

Henschke
Lehmann
Langmeil
Torbreck
Seppeltsfield

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33
Q

What is the general soil of Eden Valley

A

Red Clay and granite

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34
Q

Which region is cooler, Eden or Barossa?

A

Eden, and higher in elevation

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35
Q

Where can you find Hill of Grace and Mount Edelstone?

A

Northern Eden Valley

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36
Q

What is the biggest white and red grape?

A

Riesling and Shiraz

Shiraz in the North where its warmer

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37
Q

What regions are in the Fleurieu Zone?

A

McLaren Vale
Langhorne Creek
Currency Creek
Kangaroo Island
South Fleurieu

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38
Q

What geographical features influence McLaren Vale?

A

South Mt Lofty Range to the east
St Vincent Gulf to the west

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39
Q

What is the climate like?

A

Warm Mediterranean

Rainfall mostly in winter

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40
Q

Does McLaren Vale have fungal disease issues?

A

Windy region makes it low pressure

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41
Q

What is Scarce Earth?

A

-Members of the McLaren Vale Sustainable Winegrowing Australia (MVSWGA) to submit Shiraz from single sites
- Wines must be produced from 10yo vines and not heavly oaked
- d’Arenberg, Chapel Hill, Gemtree

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42
Q

What unoffical subregion is known for grenache?

A

Blewitt Valley & Kangarilla

Sandy soils

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43
Q

What are a few important producers of McLaren Vale?

A

Yangarra Estates
Hickinbotham
D’Arenberg
Wirra Wirra
Claredon Hills

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44
Q

What geographical features influence Langhorne Creek?

A

the Lake Doctor, blowing off of Lake Alexandria

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45
Q

What producer to know in Langhorne Creek?

A

Metala

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46
Q

What was the site of the first European settlement in AUS

A

Kangaroo Island

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47
Q

What regions are in the Mount Lofty Ranges Zone

A

Adelaide Hills
Adelaide Plains
Clare Valley

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48
Q

What is the climate like in Clare Valley?

A

Cool

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49
Q

What seasonal hazards are issues in Clare Valley?

A

spring frosts

cool breezes happen consistently

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50
Q

Are pests issues in Clare Valley?

A

low pest issues from low rainfall

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51
Q

What is the biggest planted grape in Clare Valley?

A

Shiraz

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52
Q

What is the most respected grape from Clare Valley?

A

Riesling

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53
Q

Big producers in Clare Valley

A

Grosset
Mount Horrocks
Wendouree
Jim Barry

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54
Q

Which region in MLRZone is the highest elevation (and wettest)

A

Adelaide Hills

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55
Q

What are the subregions of Adelaide Hills

A

Picadilly Valley
Lenswood

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56
Q

____% of the plantings in Adelaide Hills are white grapes

A

70

57
Q

What grape is Picadilly known for?

A

Chardonnay

First commercial vineyard in 1976

58
Q

What grape is Lenswood known for?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

59
Q

Which region is the warmest and driest in the Adelaide Super Zone?

A

Adelaide Plains

60
Q

What regions are in the Limestone Coast Zone?

A

Coonawarra
Padthaway
Wrattonbully
Mount Gambier
Mount Benson
Robe

61
Q

What is the big grape of Coonawarra

A

Cab Sauv

62
Q

What is the soil of Coonawarra?

A

Terra Rossa

63
Q

What makes Terra Rosa soil important?

A

-Clay loam rich with iron oxide
- Provides good water retention to support the vines in dry summesr
- Between Penola & Comaun

64
Q

Climate in Coonawarra

A

Cool Mediterranean

65
Q

When was Coonawarra GI’d?

A

2003

Due to disagreements about terra rossa soil

66
Q

What is Padthaways fruit normally go to?

A

multiregional blends

67
Q

Which GI has over 1/4 of the national grape tonnage each year?

A

Riverland GI

68
Q

What river causes the Riverland GI to function?

A

Murray River

69
Q

Where did viticulture begin in Victoira?

A

1838 in Yarra Yarra

70
Q

What region was phylloxera first discovered and what was the fall out?

A

Geelong, 1875

Every vine in Geelong was uprooted

71
Q

What are the Zones in Victoria?

A

Port Phillip
Gippsland
NE, NW, W, Central Victoria

72
Q

What grapes are big in Port Philip Zone?

A

Burgundy Varieties

73
Q

What GIs are in Port Philip Zone

A

Yarra Yarra Valley
Mornington
Geelong
Sunbury
Macedon Ranges

74
Q

What is the most important region in Port Phillips/Victoira?

A

Yarra Yarra

75
Q

What is the climate of Yarra yarra?

A

Cool Maritime

76
Q

What is unique about the growing season in Yarra Yarra?

A

its a lon growing season

77
Q

Whats the biggest white and red grape in Yarra Yarra?

A

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

78
Q

What are the two unoffical regions of Yarra Yara?

A

Lower and Upper Yarra Valley

79
Q

Whats the difference between Upper and Lower Yarra Valley

A

Lower -warmer and sandier soil
Upper- cooler, red basalt, higher elevation

80
Q

What are a few producers in Yarra Yarra?

A

Yering station
Yarra Yering
Domain Chandon (Moet)

81
Q

What is the climate of Mornington Peninsula

A

Very cool maritime

82
Q

What are the geographical features that influence Mornington Peninsula

A

Ocean and constant wind

83
Q

What is the biggest grape in Mornington Peninsula

A

Pinot Noir, 50% of plantings

84
Q

Has phylloxera been found in Mornington Peninsula

A

No

85
Q

What group of immigrants influenced Geelong?

A

Swiss

86
Q

What region is the driest in Port Phillips?

A

Geelong

87
Q

What is the climate in Geelong and what are the influencing reasons?

A

Cool climate

Ports Phillip Bay
Bass Straight

88
Q

What are the three unoffical regions of Geelong

A

Surf Coast
Bellarine
Moorabool Valley

89
Q

What is the most important subregion of Goulburn Valley

A

Nagambie Lakes

90
Q

Where does a lot of Domaine Chandons (based in Yarra Yarra) source a lot of their Chard for Sparkling wine?

A

Strathbogie Range

91
Q

What is the climate for Rutherglen

A

Warm climate

92
Q

What is a small grape varity that has been grown in Rutherglen that is native to the south of France?

A

Durif

93
Q

What is the Muscat classifications? and the year requirments?

A

Rutherglen 3-5y
Classic 6-10y
Grand 11-19y
Rare 20+

94
Q

What is the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area?

A

-Started 1912
-Delivered water to the region
- Provided farmland to a prior drought area

95
Q

What Zones are in New South Wales?

A

Hunter Valley Zone
Central Ranges Zones
A few other, that arent really important

96
Q

What is the sole GI in Hunter Valley Zone?

A

Hunter GI

97
Q

What are the subregions in Hunter GI?

A

Upper Hunter
Broke Fordwich
Pokolbin

98
Q

What is the climate in Hunter GI

A

Subtropical and humid

99
Q

Whats the grape of Hunter Valley and what was the original name?

A

Semillon

100
Q

Where are Broke Fordwich and Pokolbin?

A

Lower Hunter Valley

101
Q

Who is known as the first great Australian winemaker?

A

Maurice O’Shea

102
Q

When and where were the first vineyards planted in Australia?

A
103
Q

What regions are in Central Ranges Zones

A

Mudgee
Orange
Cowra

104
Q

What is the big grape of Mudgee

A

Chardonnay

105
Q

What region has some of the first single variety releases of Chardonnay?

A

Mudgee

106
Q

What grape is grown in Orange?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

107
Q

What Zone is Yellowtail based in?

A

Big Rivers

108
Q

What GIs are shared between New South Wales and Victoria?

A

Swan Hill
Murray Darling

109
Q

Canberra District GI is know for what style wine?

A

Shiraz-Viogner blends, modeled after Cote-Rotie

110
Q

What GI benifited the most from Murrumbidgee Irrigation?

A

Riverina

111
Q

What is Riverina known for?

A

Bulk wines

112
Q

What region produced the first wine in Western Australia?

A

Swan Valley

Thomas Walter

113
Q

What mountain range runs through New South Wales

A

Great Dividing Range

114
Q

What are the most important Zones in Western Australia

A

Greater Perth
South West Australia Zone

115
Q

Where is 85% of Western AUS vines located?

A

South Western Australia Zone

116
Q

What bodies of water boarder Margaret River?

A

Geographe Bay
Southern Ocean
Indian Ocean

117
Q

What is the climate of Margaret River?

A

Mediterranean Climate

118
Q

What are the 6 subregions of Margaret River?

A

Yalligup
Carbunup
Wilyabrup
Treeton
Wallcliffe
Karridale

119
Q

What river flows through Margaret River?

A

Blakewood River

120
Q

What is the heart of Margaret River

A

Wilyabrup

121
Q

What are the three estates that make up the Golden Triangle in Wallcliffe?

the home of top chardonnays

planted with Gingin Clone

A

Leeuwin Estate
Cape Mentelle
Voyager Estates

122
Q

What are the biggest respected grapes in Margaret River? But what wine drives the money?

A

Cab and Chard

Sauv Blanc/Semillon blends are the money drivers

123
Q

What is the most widely planted Chardonnay clone in Margaret

A

Gingin

known for different berry sizes

124
Q

What are the 5 offical subzones of Great Southern GI

A

Mount Barker
Frankland River
Porongurup
Denmark
Albany

125
Q

What GI is in the Grater Perth Zone?

A

Swan District/Swan Valley

126
Q

What is the climate in Swan District?

A

Warm hot mediterranean

127
Q

What is the only offical GI of Tasmanina

A

Tasmania GI

128
Q

What unoffical region is the center of wine production in Tasmania

A

Tamar Valley

129
Q

What are the two most important unoffical regions of Tasmania

A

Tamar Valley
Coal River

130
Q

What are the big grapes of Tasmania

A

Chardonnay, PN

131
Q

Which estates are behind Jansz?

A

Louis Roederer and Heemskerk

132
Q

What si teh coolest and southermost wine producing region?

A

Tasmania

133
Q

What is the most 2 important GI in Queensland?

A

Granite Belt
South Burnett

134
Q

What is the climate in Granite Belt and South Burnett?

A

Subtropical

135
Q

Name the top bottling of hunter riesling

actually semillon!!!

A

Vat 1 by Tyrrell

136
Q

What is the best producer in Canberra District?

A

Clonakillas

137
Q

Where is the producer Tahbilk located? What are they known for?

A

Located in Central Victoria, they managed to protect their vineyards from Phylloxera and they produce their flagship Shiraz from vines planted in 1860

138
Q

What two regions within North East Victoria are known for sweet fortified wines?

A

Rutherglen and Glenrowan

139
Q

N

A

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