aural terms etc Flashcards
phrasing/articulation
how the notes are played eg staccato, legato
polyphonic can also be called
contrapuntal
voices in order
soprano mezzosoprano alto tenor baritone bass treble
falsetto
male voice singing in an artificially high register
glissando/portamento
sliding from one note to the next
cantabile
in a singing style
vibrato
rapid fluctuations of pitch
melismatic
singing two or more notes to one syllable
syllabic singing
singing one note per syllable
fernata
a pause
antiphonal
musical dialogue between blocks of voices or between solo and group voices etc
chorale
hymn-like usually homophonic, harmony moves in block chords
sequence
melodic pattern repeated higher or lower
ostinato
repeated pattern, melodic or rhythmic or harmonic
dissonance
clashing notes in jarring intervals eg 2nds or 7ths
assonance
notes that sound pleasing together eg thirds or fifths
syncopation
emphasis on the weak beat
pedal
note that is held or repeated over several bars while the harmony over it may change
countermelody
a melody that is different to the main melody but is sounded at the same time
rubato
tempo is free, music can speed up or slow down
col legno battuto
play using the wood of the bow
con sordino
play using a mute
senza sordino
without the mute
sul ponticello
bow near the bridge
sul tasto
bow on the fingerboard
tremolo
shaking, trembling effect achieved by rapid bowing over and back
fanfare
declamatory flourish, usually on brass instruments
baroque orchestra
small string section
flute and oboe
trumpet
harpsichord and organ
classical orchestra
increased strings
flute oboe bassoon clarinet
horn and trumpet
timpani
romantic orchestra
large string section harp
lots of woodwind
