AUN flag 1 Flashcards
Shoulder abduction and adduction
Abduction: C5
Adduction: C6
Elbow flexion
C5,6
Elbow extension
C7,8
Wrist flexion and extension
C6,7
Finger flex and extend
C7,8
Finger abduction
T1
Dermatome that innervates shoulder
C5
Dermatome antero-lateral forearm
C6
Dermatome anterior and post forearm
C7
Dermatome Medial forearm
C8
Dermatome Medial arm
T1
describe the course of the Musculocutaneous nerve
- originates from lateral cord of brachial plexus
- leaves the axilla, and pierces the coracobrachialis muscle, near its point of insertion on the humerus.
- continues distally anterior to the brachialis muscle but deep to the biceps brachii,
- emerges laterally to the biceps tendon, and continues into the forearm as the lateral cutaneous nerve
describe the course of the axillary nerve
- orginates from posterior cord of brachial plexus
- descends to the inferior border of the subscapularis muscle, and then exits the axilla posteriorly via the quadrangular space
- axillary nerve terminates by dividing into two branches: (Anterior and posterior terminal branch)
describe the course of the radial nerve
- originates from post cord of BP
- situated posteriorly to the axillary artery, It exits the axilla inferiorly (via the triangular interval)
- descends down the arm, travelling in a shallow depression within the surface of the humerus, known as the radial groove.
- As it descends, the radial nerve wraps around the humerus laterally,
- To enter the forearm, the radial nerve travels anterior to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, through the cubital fossa.
- The nerve then divides into two branches (deep and superficial)
Describe the course of the median nerve
- originates for the medial and lateral cord of the BP
- lateral to the brachial artery but halfway down the arm, the nerve crosses over it, and becomes situated medially
- The median nerve enters the anterior compartment of the forearm via the cubital fossa.
- The median nerve gives off two major branches in the forearm: (anterior interosseous nerve, palmar cutaneous nerve)
describe the course of the ulnar nerve
- originates for the medial cord of the BP
- descends down the medial side of the upper arm. At the elbow, it passes posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus, entering the forearm (where susceptible to injury)
- pierces the two heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris, and travels alongside the ulna
- At the wrist, the ulnar nerve travels superficially to the flexor retinaculum. It enters the hand via the ulnar canal (or Guyon’s canal). In the hand the nerve terminates by giving rise to superficial and deep branches.
Origin and termination of axillary artery
O: subclavian a.
T: brachial a.
Origin and termination of axillary vein
O: basilic v. (cephalic drains into it)
T: subclavian v.
Origin and termination of brachial artery
O: axillary a.
T: Radial and ulnar a. (after cubital fossa)
Origin and termination of basilic vein
O; dorsal venous network of the hand.
T: combines with the brachial veins to form the axillary vein.
Origin and termination of cephalic vein
O; dorsal venous network of the hand.
T: axillary vein.
What increases the depth the of the GH joint
Gelnoid labrum
Whats a muscle that originates and inserts at the coracoid process?
coracobrachialis, Biceps branchii SH (O) pect Minor (I)
Where is the acromion and what is a muscle that originates there
- highest bony prominence of the shoulder
- Middle deltoid
what are the rotator cuff muscles
subscap
infraspinatus
supraspinatus
teres minor
what are the boundaries of the axilla
Ant: pect minor and major Post: subscapularis, teres major, lats dorsi Medial: serratus ant Lateral: bicipital groove of humerus floor: skin and fascia
what are the boundaries of the quadrangular space and what exits this space
lat: surgical neck of humerus
Med: LH of triceps branchii
Inf: teres major
Sup: subscapularis
post circumflex humeral a. and axillary n.
what are the boundaries if the cubital fossa
Sup: imaginary line between epicondyles Inf: brachioradialis Med: pronator teres Roof: deep fascia Floor: brachialis and supinator
where do all the pass, fail muscles in the forearm originate
medial epicondyle of the humerus
What is the major origin for muscle sin the post. forearm and name these muscles
lat epicondyle of humerus
- ECRB
- ED
- EDM
- ECU
- Supinator (also originates from annular lig and fossa of ulna)
boundaries and contents of deltopectoral triangle
deltoid, pect maj, clavicle
cephalic vein
what are the contents of the cubital fossa
brachial artery and vein
biceps tendon
median and radial nerves
contents of the axilla
axillary artery and vein
brachial plexus
what id the function of the coracoacromial arch
a protective arch formed by the smooth inferior aspect of the acromion and the coracoid process of the scapula with the coracoacromial ligament spanning between them. This osseoligamentous structure overlies the head of the humerus, preventing its upward displacement from the glenoid fossa.
what are the articular surfaces of the EJ
- Capitulum articulates with head of radius
- Trochlea of humerous articulates with trochlear notch (ulna)
what is the carrying angle and why does it occur?
- Where the forearm sticks out more lateral, compared to the natural line of the humerous
- This is due to the shape of articular surfaces and helps with functional activities such as weight bearing for carrying shopping bags
what are the articular surfaces for sup. and inf. RU joints
Sup: - head of radius articulates with radial notch of ulna
- head of radius also articulates with internal surface of annular lig.
Inf: - head of ulna
- ulna notch of radius
- triangular disk: attaches from distal radius to styloid process of ulna.
name and describe the attachments of ligaments in the elbow
Annular lig: attched to ulna and wraps around the head of radius (never attaches)
MCL: - medial epicondyle
- coranoid proces
LCL: - lat epicondyle
- annular lig (this decreases stability but increases mobility)
what are the supinators and pronators
supin: biceps, supinator
pro: pronator quadratus, pronator teres
what are the boundaries and contents of carpal tunnel
boundaries: carpal bones, flexor retinaculum
contents: median n., muscle tendons (PL, FD)
what are the boundaries and contents of ulnar/guyons, canal
boundaries: pisiform and hamate (lig that connects them)
contents: ulnar a and n.
what are the boundaries and contents of anatomical snuffbox
boundaries: the abductor pollicis longus.
extensor pollicis brevis.
extensor pollicis longus.
contents: radial artery, a branch of the radial nerve and cephalic vein
