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hon 113 > august-oct > Flashcards

august-oct Flashcards

1
Q

when people stopped basing their ideas/beliefs on what the Catholic Church authorized. Europeans adopted independent thinking

A

enlightenment

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2
Q

where did monotheism originate

A

ancient israel

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3
Q

islam was born in

A

mecca

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4
Q

what empire had mongol, central asian tribes taking over various territories. chaotic middle ages (medieval)

A

nomadic empire

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5
Q

women from other empires sought to be/veil like

A

persian elite women

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6
Q

three major political phrases of iran

A

absolute monarchy, parliamentary monarchy, and autocratic monarchy

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7
Q

Islam spread outside of Saudi Arabia to this empire. Did not let non-muslims live there. They had to pay a tax. Not in their interest to convert. Lot of internal tension.

A

umayaad empire

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8
Q

Did not want to replicate the mistakes of their predecessors. Known as the golden era of Islam. New professions arose in this empire (poet, religious workers, etc.) Reflected that islam was spreading and merging with existing culture

A

abbasid empire

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9
Q

when was the nomadic empire

A

13th century

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10
Q

new islamic empires remerge, no longer ethnically arab. what empire?

A

safavid empire

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11
Q

when was the safavid empire?

A

15th-18th century

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12
Q

what helped the spread of islam across the peninsula?

A

poetry (qasidah)

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13
Q

when and where was prophet muhammad born

A

mecca 570

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14
Q

muhammad’s revelations and words were compiled into

A

the quran

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15
Q

chapters in the quran are called

A

surast

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16
Q

the rashidun caliphs are

A

muhammad’s four successors

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17
Q

sunni believed muhammad’s successor should be…

A

merit based

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18
Q

shiite believed muhammad’s successor should…

A

remain in the family

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19
Q

the largest shiite country is

A

iran

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20
Q

people who interpret the holy scriptures, government officials, whoever’s in charge

A

islamic scholars

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20
Q

what are the five pillars of islam

A

shahadah, salat, sawm, hajj, and zakat

20
Q

pillar of islam that expresses Concept of charity to the less fortunate. Annual tax Muslims must pay

A

zakat

21
Q

the pilgrimmage to mecca is known as

A

hajj

21
Q

Prayer five times daily from dawn to sunset

A

salat

21
Q

proclamation of faith: message of monotheism, there is only one God and the Prophet Muhammad

A

shahadah

22
Q

If healthy, adults abstain from food, drink, and sexual activity from dawn to dusk during the month of Ramadan

A

sawm

23
Q

Actions of Muhammad in his daily life. If not in the Quran, try to look through ______

A

sunnah

24
Q

principles previously accepted for a similar situation. If there is a new encounter, base the encounter on the legal authority/president.

A

qiyas

25
Q

collectively agreed on certain practices. Women are often not part of the collective.

A

ijma

26
Q

human reasoning, use logic when the Quran and past three principles

A

ijtihad

27
Q

what is based on evidence and properly trained officials

A

shariah law

28
Q

trained religious workers that compile the shariah

A

ulama

29
Q

when and where was uniform training for the ulama

A

11th century baghdad

30
Q

what did the ottoman empire control

A

the mediterranean sea

31
Q

a warrior who was fighting for the Ottomans was promised a lot of things (i.e. expansion of Islam, glory, gold, etc.)

A

tradition of gaza

32
Q

frontier warriors of the ottoman empire were called

A

gazis

33
Q

ottoman empire was one of the first empires to use

A

gunpowder

34
Q

boys from christian/european domains in the empire. Taken from their families and brought to the mainland to be soldiers

A

janissaries

35
Q

soldiers that showed intellectual thinking were promoted to more prestige roles

A

devshirme system

36
Q

standing army full of provincial cavalrymen, freeborn Muslims

A

sipahi calvary

37
Q

leaders in the ottoman empire

A

sultans

38
Q

religious communities in the ottoman empire

A

millets

39
Q

the discovery of cairo geniza tells us

A

jewish laws were pretty similar to muslim laws

40
Q

ottoman laws

A

kanuns

41
Q

in what century did ottoman empire start declining

A

19th

42
Q

reasons for ottoman empire decline

A

abandonment of shariah laws

43
Q

what ruler implemented the ottomanization of education

A

abdul hamid iii

44
Q

The Wahhabi, Sanusi, and Mahdiyyah Movements believed

A

the only way to stop the decline of Islamic movement is to go back to Muhammad’s lifestyle

45
Q

what movement sought an indigenous lifestyle and preached the liberation of libyans

A

sanusi

46
Q

what movement attempted to purify the faith and believed ppl should go back to the way muhammad lived his life

A

wahhabi

47
Q

what movement was Against Egyption corruption and taxes

A

mahdiyyah

48
Q
A

hon 113 (2 decks)

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