August 1996

Question 1

\External rotators of the shoulder:

a. Infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior deltoid

b. Subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi

c. Pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, subscapularis

d. Trapezius, rhomboid, levator scapulae

Answer 1

Answer: A

Ratio:
Supraspinatus + deltoid-Abductors; superior humeral translation
Infraspinatus -ER ; depress the humerus
Teres minor-ER; depress the humerus
Subscapularis-IR; depress the humerus

Deltoids fibers:
Ant: flex & IR
Mid: ABd
Post: Ext & ER

Lats dorsi & teres major: EXADIR

Question 2

Muscle that is not attached to the humerus:
a. Supraspinatus
b. Pectoralis major
c. pectoralis minor
d.teres major

Answer 2

Answer: C

supraspinatus: greater tuberosity of humerus
Pecs major: Pec Lat (lat lip of humerus)
Pecs Minor: coracoid process of scapula
Teres major: Meter (medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus)

Question 3

The principal muscle involved in light hand closure is the:
a. Lumbrical
b. Flexor digitorum profundus
c. interossei
d. flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 3

Answer: B

b. Flexor digitorum profundus: inserted in distal phlanx
d. flexor digitorum superficialis: inserted in middle phlanx

Question 4

This blood vessel does not originate from the aortic arch:
a. Right common carotid artery
b. Left subclavian artery
C. Innominate artery
d. Left common carotid artery

Answer 4

Answer: A

ratio:
innominate artery is the same as brachiocephalic artery

Question 5

In a third class lever:
a. None of these
b. The weight arm is longer than the force arm
C. The weight arm and force arm are equal
d. The force arm is longer than the weight arm

Answer 5

Answer: Answer: B

I: Fulcurm W=E
II:Weight E>W
III: Effort/force arm E<W

Question 6

A muscle of facial expression:
a. Digastric
b. Temporalis
c. masseter
d. platysma

Question 7

The ball of the foot corresponds to the:
a. Sole of the foot
b. Heads of metatarsals
c. base of metatarsal
d. calcaneus

Question 8

The anconeus is responsible for:
a. Helping maintain elbow extension
b. Stabilizing the elbow joint during other movements of the upper extremity
c. All of these
d. Initiating extension of the elbow

Question 9

Muscle innervated by the radial nerve:
a. Flexor carpi radialis
b. Flexor pollicis longus
c. Flexor digitorum superficialis
d. Abductor pollicis longus

Question 10

Overlapping of receptive field improves this phenomenon of sensation:
a. Localization
b. Contrast
c. specific nerve energies
d. projection

Question 11

The conoid and trapezoid are ligaments that connect the:
a. Clavicle and sternum
b. Acromion and clavicle
c. coracoids and humerus
d. coracoids and clavicle

Question 12

In the process of rising up from the sitting position, the following muscles are active,
EXCEPT:
a. lliopsoas
b. Gastrocsoleus
c. gluteus maximus
d. quadriceps femoris

Question 13

The trapezius and serratus anterior:
a. Act synergistically in abduction
b. Act as synergists in upward rotation and antagonists in retraction and protraction
c. Act as synergists in retraction and antagonists in upward and downward rotation
d. Act as synergists in upward rotation and antagonists in depression

Question 14

In what movement of the scapula are the upper and lower trapezius muscles synergists:
a. Scapular retraction
b. Upward rotation
c. scapular protraction
d. scapular elevation

Question 15

In a midclavicular fracture, the structure that protects the underlying vessels from being
injured is the:
a. Pectoralis minor
b. Subclavius
c. platysma
d. subclavian fat pad

Question 16

The highest content of elastic fiber is found in the ligament:
a. Posterior longitudinal ligament
b. Ligamentum flavum
c. anterior longitudinal ligament
d. interspinous ligament

Question 17

NOT an extrinsic muscle of the hand:
a. Extensor pollicis longus
b. Extensor digitorum
c. extensor carpi radialis
d. flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 18

This does not describe the 7th rib:
a. Typical rib
b. Has two demifacets on its head
c. longest rib
d. most oblique rib

Question 19

Stimulation of the vagus nerve may be expected to result in:
a. Decreased blood pressure and increased cardiac contractility
b. Vasodilatation and bradycardia
c. Vasodilatation and tachycardia
d. Vasoconstriction and increased heart rate

Question 20

Bradycardia is heart beats less than:
a. 60 per minute
b. 80 per minute
c. 65 per minute
d. 72 per minute

Question 21

The interaction between actin and myosin filaments during muscle contraction is brought
to a stop because of:
a. lonization of the cell
b. Depolarization of the cell membrane
c. Sodium pump reversal
d. Decrease concentration of intracellular calcium iond

Question 22

A shunt muscle:
a. Is exemplified by the biceps and brachialis
b. Generate very little force c. Will usually have a long lever arm like the brachioradialis
d. Is chiefly rotatory in its effect on moving bone

Question 23

A house painter who often works with raised arms as the hands work at a height should primarily be given strengthening exercises for the:
a. Middle deltoid
b. Serratus anterior
c. coracobrachialis
d. supraspinatus

Question 24

Efferent fibers of the muscle spindle come from the:
a. All of these
b. Gamma motor neuron
c. alpha motor neuron
d. extrafusal muscle

Question 25

The inability to make a complete fist with palmarflexion of the wrist is due to:
a. Inadequate length of the FDP and FDS
b. Marked approximation of the proximal and distal attachments of the fingers flexors
C. Passive insufficiency of the wrist extensors
d. Active insufficiency of the finger extensors

Question 26

The muscle which has its distal attachment on the pisiform:
a. Flexor carpi radialis
b. Extensor carpi radialis longus c. Flexor carpi ulnaris
d. Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Question 27

The glenohumeral joint is most unstable in this position:
a. Flexed, abducted, externally rotated
b. Extended, adducted, internally rotated
c. Flexed, protracted, externally rotated
d. Extended, refracted, externally rotated

Question 28

The functional position of the ulna includes the following, EXCEPT:
a. None of these
b. Slight extension of the wrist to 40 degrees
c. Radial deviation to 5 degrees
d. Ulnar deviation to 15 degrees

Question 29

he attachment of the deltoid ligaments are the following, EXCEPT:
a. Tuberosity of navicular
b. Lateral malleolus
c. Medial tuberosity of talus
d. Sustentaculum tali

Question 30

Type of nerve fiber that has the fastest conduction:
a. Large myelinated axons
b. Small unmyelinated axon
c. small myelinated axons
d. large unmyelinated axon

Question 31

This ligament does NOT contribute to the stability of the hip joint:
a. Ischiofemoral ligament
b. Ligamentum teres
c. Pubofemoral ligament
d. iliofemoral ligament

Question 32

This is a movement in the transverse plane:
a. Circumduction
b. Lateral flexion
c. abduction
d. external rotation

Question 33

The most commonly injured ligament of the ankle joint in sprain is the:
a. Anterior talofibular ligament
b. Anterior tibiofibular ligament
c. Medial deltoid ligament
d. Calcaneofibular ligament

Question 34

With the forearm in the fully pronated position, flexion of the elbow is carried out mostly by
the:
a. Brachioradialis
b. Brachialis
c. pronator teres
d. biceps brachii

Question 35

The biggest volume that can be expired by a person is called:
a. Total lung capacity
b. Tidal volume
c. vital capacity
d. inspiratory capacity

Question 36

The lumbrical muscle:
a. All of these are true
b. Is the only intrinsic muscle responsible for MCP-flexion c. Together with the dorsal interossei, are primarily responsible for extension of the DIP joint
d. Has a better leverage as a DIP extensor compared to its leverage as an MCP flexor

Question 37

The blood supply of the posterior thigh muscles comes mainly from:
a. Popliteal artery
b. Inferior gluteal artery
c. profunda femoris artery
d. femoral artery

Question 38

Responsible for shoulder retraction:
a. Trapezius and rhomboids
b. Trapezius and levator scapulae
c. Trapezius and latissimus dorsi
d. Trapezius and serratus anterior

Question 39

A lesion of the subthalamic nucleus will result in:
a. Tremors
b. Hemiballismus
c. athetosis
d. rigidity

Question 40

Triceps activity is enhanced by:
a. Elbow extension combined with shoulder extension
b. Elbow flexion combined with shoulder flexion
C. Elbow flexion combined with shoulder extension
d. Elbow extension combined with shoulder flexion

Question 41

The arcade of Frohse may compress the:
a. Ulnar nerve
b. Musculocutaneous nerve
c. median nerve
d. posterior interosseous nerve

Question 42

The first line of defense against bacterial infections, among the cellular elements, are the:
a. lymphocytes
b. neutrophils
c. basophils
d. eosinophils

Question 43

The movement of Ca+ ions across the membrane is mainly by:
a. active transport
b. facilitated diffusion
c. passive diffusion
d. osmosis

Question 44

The normal width of the walking base:
a. 5-6 inches
b. 2-4 inches
c. one to two inches
d. one foot

Question 45

When the knee is extended, hip flexion is limited to 60-80 degrees because of passive
insufficiency of the:
a. gluteus maximus
b. iliopsoas
c. hamstring
d. rectus femoris

Question 46

The nerve that crosses the elbow as a pure sensory is the:
a. radial
b. median
c. ulnar
d. musculocutaneous

Question 47

Given a blood pressure of 130/95, the pulse pressure is:
a. 115 mm Hg
b. 95 mg Hg
c. 35 mm Hg
d. 130 mm Hg

Question 48

Which part of the upright lung has the greatest perfusion?
a. base
b. middle lobe
c. uniform throughout
d. apex

Question 49

The axis for subtalar abduction and adduction is:
a. Transverse
b. Longitudinal
c. oblique
d. vertical

Question 50

Muscle power is greatest at approximately % of the maximum load:
a. 20
b. 30
c. 10
d. 40

Question 51

The most abundant cation found inside living cells is:
a. Potassium
b. Sodium
c. chloride
d. calcium

Question 52

The space that is entered during a lumbar puncture to obtain cerebrospinal fluid sample is
the:
a. All of these
b. Subdural space
C. subarachnoid space
d. epidural space

Question 53

A forearm muscle that belongs to the extensor group but flexes the elbow is the:
a. Anconeus
b. Brachioradialis
c. extensor carpi ulnaris
d. supinator

Question 54

Pronation-supination movement of the forearm brings about gliding motion in the
following, EXCEPT:
a. Ulnar-humeral articulation
b. Distal radio-ulnar joint
c. proximal radio-ulnar joint b. Distal radio-ulnar joint
d. radio-humeral articulation

Question 55

Norepinephrine is the neurotransmitter of the:
a. Postganglionic sweat glands
b. Majority of the postganglionic sympathetic endings
c. Preganglionic autonomic findings
d. Myoneural junction

Question 56

Inspiration requires:
a. Decrease in intrathoracic volume
b. Increase in extrathoracic volume
c. increase in intrathoracic volume
d. no change in intrathoracic volume

Question 57

Stability of the ankle joint is primarily afforded by the:
a. Negative intra-articular pressure
b. Musculotendinous attachment
c. Osseous architecture
d. Ligamentous connection

Question 58

Proprioception is characterized by:
a. The rapid adaptation of the receptors
b. A strong affect
c. all of these
d. stimulation of the receptors by joint motion

Question 59

Of the following substances, which of them can cross the plasma membrane most easily:
a. 02
b. K
c. Proteins
d. CI

Question 60

The external intercostals:
a. When present with the internal intercostals, the external intercostals will act in expiration only
b. Assist in forced expiration C. Has fibers that are slanted downward and backward
d. Does not show any activity during normal, quite breathing

Question 61

The radial head is kept in place by the:
a. Biceps insertion
b. Ulnar collateral ligament
c. radial collateral ligament
d. annular ligament

Question 62

Paralysis of the left gluteus medius can be compensated by:
a. Allowing the pelvis to sag laterally toward the unsupported side until the left hip is maximally adducted
b. Placing a cane on the left hand
c. Laterally bending the upper trunk to the right
d. By reducing the knee and ankle motion

Question 63

The calorie cost of walking a given distance is lowest at a walking speed of about
miles per hour:
a. 3.0
b. 3.5
c. 1.5
d. 2.0

Question 64

Ligaments that limit shoulder flexion and extension at the glenohumeral joint:
a. Coracohumeral ligament
b. Coracoacromial ligament
c. acromioclavicular ligament
d. coracoclavicular ligament

Question 65

The most superficial muscle in the posterior trunk:
a. Semi-spinalis
b. Longissimus
c. multifidus muscles
d. rotation and suboccipital muscles

Question 66

The average total range of motion for knee axial rotation:
a. 40 degrees
b. 60 degrees
c. 90 degrees
d. 20 degrees

Question 67

The strongest support for the longitudinal arch of the foot is the:
a. peroneus longus
b. tibialis anterior
c. tibialis posterior
d. peroneus brevis

Question 68

Men climbing high mountains will have enormous water losses from:
a. decreased drinking
b. increased ventilation
c. increased urination
d. increased sweating

Question 69

Given a blood pressure of 130/95, the mean arterial pressure is around:
a. 102 mm Hg
b. 115 mm Hg
c. 107 mm Hg
d. 110 mmHg

Question 70

The main function is to stabilize the scapula:
a. Levator scapulae
b. Deltoid
c. latissimus dorsi
d. serratus anterior

Question 71

The center of gravity of the extended upper extremity is approximately:
a. At the elbow joint
b. Just above the elbow joint
c. at the mid-humerus
d. just below the elbow joint

Question 72

Ulnar deviation at the wrist is brought about by the action of the:
a. Extensor carpi ulnaris
b. Flexor carpi ulnaris with Palmaris longus
c. Flexor carpi ulnaris with the extensor carpi ulnaris
d. Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 73

A person’s grip is weaker, if his wrist is in a flexed position because of.
a. Passive insufficiency of the finger extensors and active insufficiency of the finger flexors
b. Passive insufficiency of the finger flexors and extensors c. Active insufficiency of the finger flexors and extensors d. Passive insufficiency of the long finger flexors and active insufficiency of the finger
extensors

Question 74

The cellular property of neurons which enables them to receive and transmit information
is:
a. Facilitation
b. Accommodation
c. summation
d. excitability

Question 75

A stab wound to the popliteal fossa will primarily injure which structure:
a. Posterior tibial nerve
b. Popliteus
c. common peroneal nerve
d. popliteal artery

Question 76

Neck side flexion isometric movements is a test for muscles innervated by roots:
a. C3-C4
b. C1-C2
c. C5-C6
d. C4-C5

Question 77

This term implies passage of an impulse across a junction:
a. Divergence
b. Transmission
C. convergence
d. conduction

Question 78

If the heart rate is 60 beats per minute and the stroke volume is 90 ml, then cardiac output
is:
a. 5.4 L
b.5.2 L
c. 6.2 L
d. 5.6 L

Question 79

With paralysis of the gastrocsoleus:
a. In children, a secondary clubfoot deformity is likely to develop
b. There will be marked difficult in running and jumping
c. An AFO should always be prescribed
d. The deep muscles of the posterior compartment can substitute as plantar flexors in
the ankle

Question 80

Anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint is usually potentiated by weakness of this
muscle:
a. Supraspinatus
b. Deltoid
c. subscapularis
d. teres minor

Question 81

During your dissection, in order to expose the brachial artery at the elbow, you have to cut
this structure:
a. Brachioradialis
b. Biceps insertion to the radius
c. bicipital aponeurosis
d. pronator teres

Question 82

Deconditioning effects of prolonged bed rest, EXCEPT:
a. Decrease in the contractile strength of body musculature
b. Decrease in the circulation blood volume
c. Decrease in the heart rate response to effort
d. Decrease in lung volume

Question 83

The epiphysis of a bone is:
a. Found below the metaphysics
b. None of these
c. located above the diaphysis
d. located next to the joint

Question 84

The H-zone contains:
a. Z-disc
b. Myosin
c. actin
d. none of these

Question 85

The soleus muscles:
a. Contains a higher proportion of slow-twitch fibers compared to the gastrocnemius
b. Shows greatest activity when the ankle is plantar flexed against resistance while in prone with the knee extended
c. Is most effective as a plantar flexor only when the knee is extended
d. Shows equal activity with the gastrocnemius during normal quiet standing

Question 86

Which of the following correctly describes the intrapleural pressure during a normal unforced breathing:
a. Varies from negative to positive
b. Always positive
c. always negative
d. none of these

Question 87

The teres minor as a rotator cuff muscle:
a. Is responsible for the characteristic roundness of the shoulder
b. Depresses the humeral head in the glenoid together with the suprapinatus and subscapularis
c. Internally rotate the glenohumeral joint during flexion and abduction
d. Prevent shoulder subluxation when carrying a load in the hand while standing erect

Question 88

The connection tissue covering of a muscle fiber:
a. Epimysium
b. Sarcolemma
c. endomysium
d. perimysium

Question 89

Injury to this nerve produces this type of winging of the scapula. The medial border of the
scapula is closer to the midline and the inferior angle is medially rotated:
a. Spinal accessory
b. Dorsal scapular
c. long thoracic
d. thoracodorsal

Question 90

The hip hiking muscle:
a. Quadrates lumborum
b. lliopsoas
c. transverse abdominis
d. erector spinae

Question 91

NOT a characteristic of the lateral epicondyle:
a. It is the common origin of the wrist extensors
b. Injury of this area would not affected the ulnar nerve c. It is more prominent than the medial epicondyle
d. Inflammation is commonly called tennis elbow

Question 92

In the contrast to a nerve action potential a muscle action potential has:
a. A shorter duration
b. A more negative resting membrane potential
c. a slower conduction velocity
d. a lower overshoot

Question 93

The first heart sound is associated with the closure of:
a. Aortic and pulmonic valves
b. Pulmonic and tricuspid valves
c. tricuspid and mitral valves
d. aortic and mitral valves

Question 94

How many compartments are in the lower leg:
a. 3
b.4
c. 2
d. 5

Question 95

NOT found in the I-band:
a. Meromyosin
b. Actin
c. troponin
d. tropomyosin

Question 96

A hacking wound in the posterior and midpart of the arm by a halo may injure the
following, EXCEPT:
a. Triceps short head
b. Musculocutaneous nerve
c. triceps along head
d. radial nerve

Question 97

Death of the cortex of the bone from occlusion of the nutrient vessels caused by intense
infection is called:
a. Osteomalacia
b. Involucrum
c. trabeculations
d. sequestrum

Question 98

The tibialis anterior:
a. Is also an effective toe extensor
b. Can only invert the foot from a fully everted position up to the neutral position
c. Is not capable of everting the foot at all
d. Is primarily an ankle dorsiflexor as well as a strong invertor

Question 99

True of the brachialis muscle:
a. Is active as an elbow flexor mainly when used against resistance
b. Is more active as a flexor during slow muscle contraction
c. Its effectivity as an elbow flexor is unaffected by the position of the forearm
d. All of these

Question 100

The anterior cruciate ligament of the knee is taut during:
a. Full internal rotation at the femurotibial joint
b. 40-50 degrees of knee flexion
c. Full side extension
d. Knee adduction

Question 101

The following muscles act to flex the humerus, EXCEPT:
a. Biceps brachii
b. Pectoralis major
C. subscapularis
d. coracobrachialis

Question 102

The muscle which covers the 6 external hip rotators is:
a. Gluteus medius
b. Gluteus minimus
c. tensor fascia latae
d. gluteus maximus

Question 103

The following cranial nerves have spinal sensory functional components, EXCEPT:
a. The vestibulocochlear nerve
b. The olfactory nerve
c. the glossopharyngeal nerve
d. the optic nerve

Question 104

What is the test position of a fair or better lower trapezius muscle:
a. Prone with the arms over the head
b. Prone with the arms in 90 degrees abduction
c. Sitting with the arms over the head
d. Supine with the arms over the head

Question 105

When an individual stands erect, with weight evenly distributed on both feet, the load
on each hip is approximately. What percentage of the total body weight:
a. 1/3
b. 1/4
c. 115
d. 1/2

Question 106

he primary function of the posterior lobe of the cerebellum is:
a. Maintenance of equilibrium
b. Regulation of muscle tone
c. coordination of skilled movement
d. maintenance of posture

Question 107

The highest tension is generated in which of the following muscle contractions:
a. Slow lengthening
b. Fast shortening
c. slow shortening
d. fast lengthening

Question 108

Facets of thoracic spine are oriented in what plane:
a. Frontal
b. Sagittal
c. horizontal
d. transverse

Question 109

The main source of ATP immediately after exercising for 10 seconds:
a. Glycogen breakdown
b. Phosphocreatine
c. glycolytic processes
d. oxidative processes

Question 110

Heat receptor:
a. Krause and bulbs
b. Ruffini’s end organs
c. pacinian corpuscles
d. Merkel’s disc

Question 111

The gluteus maximus shows peak activity during:
a. Late stance
b. Midstance
C. early stance
d. swing phase

Question 112

Course of the anterior cruciate ligament:
a. Upward, backward, medial
b. Upward, forward, lateral
c. upward, forward, medial
d. upward, backward, lateral

Question 113

The strongest extensors of the lumbar spine in strengthening up from a forward flexed
bending position are the:
a. Multifidus muscles
b. Hamstring muscles
c. gluteus maximus muscles
d. latissimus dorsi muscle

Question 114

The flexor muscles of the elbow would be at best advantage when at what degree of flexion?
a. 90 degrees
b. 60 degrees
c. 45 degrees
d. 120 degrees

Question 115

The union of the brachiocephalic vein of both sides form the:
a. Superior vena cava
b. Internal jugular vein
c. subclavian vein
d. inferior vena cava

Question 116

The most important shoulder flexors are the:
a. Anterior deltoid and sterna portion of the pectoralis major
b. Coracobrachialis and biceps brachii
c. Coracobrachialis and anterior deltoid
d. Anterior deltoid and clavicular potion of the pectoralis major

Question 117

Voluntary breathing control resides in the:
a. Cerebellar cortex
b. Medulla
c. cerebral motor cortex
d. pons

Question 118

During defecation, an individual has voluntary control over the motor activities of
his/her:
a. Internal anal sphincter
b. External anal sphincter
c. sigmoid colon
d. rectum

Question 119

The normal pinch strength of adult males:
a. 3-4 kg
b. 2-3 kg
c. 1-2 kg
d. 4-5 kg

Question 120

The ventricles of the brain are lined
a. Ependymal cells
b. Choroid epithelium
c. ordinary connective tissue
d. neuroglia cells

Question 121

Not a part of the muscle spindle:
a. Annulo-spiral ending
b. Intrafusal fibers
c. extrafusal fibers
d. flower spray ending

Question 122

Injury to the facial nerve at the stylomastoid foramen with result in:
a. Impaired lacrimation
b. Loss of taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue
c. hyperaccusis
d. facial palsy

Question 123

The lung volume that is involved in gas exchange with the capillary blood at the end of a normal expiration is:
a. Functional residual capacity
b. Tidal volume
c. vital capacity
d. expiratory reserve volume

Question 124

The most stable position of the hip:
a. externally rotated
b. internally rotated
c. adducted
d. abducted

Question 125

Determinant of heart rate:
a. Changes in HCO3
b. Changes in CO2
c. changes in K
d. changes in Na

Question 126

Structure medial to the biceps tendon and deep to the bicipital aponeurosis:
a. Median nerve
b. All of these
c. deep brachial artery
d. median cubital vein

Question 127

A fracture at the proximal neck of the fibula may injure the:
a. Saphenous nerve
b. Tibial nerve
c. common peroneal nerve
d. sural nerve

Question 128

The external jugular vein is found at the:
a. Submandibular triangle
b. Posterior triangle of the neck
c. anterior triangle of the neck
d. carotid triangle

Question 129

The muscles which flex the MP joints after extending the IP joint are the following,
EXCEPT:
a. Lumbricals
b. Palmar interossei
c. dorsal interossei
d. long flexors

Question 130

The only prehension pattern that can be observed in a patient with a median nerve
injury:
a. Three jaw chuck
b. Lateral pinch
c. cylindrical grasp
d. palmar grasp

Question 131

A fan knife thrust into the medial and midpart aspect of the arm may injure the
following, EXCEPT:
a. Median nerve
b. Radial nerve
c. brachial artery
d. ulnar nerve

Question 132

Posterior border of the posterior triangle of the neck: a. Trapezius
b. Sternocleidomastoid
c. splenius capitis
d. latissimus dorsi

Question 133

A razor slash at the anterior surface of the wrist will likely damage the:
a. Median nerve
b. Ulnar nerve
c. all of these
d. radial nerve

Question 134

Major sensory component of the spindle:
a. Nuclear bag
b. Nuclear chain
c. flower spray nerve endings
d. annulospiral nerve endings

Question 135

The predicted maximum heart rate for a 50 year old male is:
a. 140-160
b. 120-140
c. 160-180
d. 100-120

Question 136

Shoulder medial rotation is performed by the:
a. All of these
b. Latissimus dorsi
c. subscapularis
d. teres major

Question 137

The key joint in hand movements:
a. Wrist joint
b. Elbow joint
c. interphalangeal joints
d. shoulder joint

Question 138

Flexion-extension of the thoracic spine totals how much?
a. 30 degrees
b. 60 degrees
c. 15 degrees
d. 40 degrees

Question 139

This is not a characteristic of a hamstring muscle:
a. Supplied by the tibial division of the sciatic nerve
b. Inserts into the tibia or fibula
c. supplied by the peroneal division of the sciatic nerve
d. arises from the ischial tuberosity

Question 140

The automatic respiratory center is located in the:
a. Medulla
b. Cerebellum
c. cerebrum
d. pons

Question 141

Intervertebral discs are located between vertebral bodies from:
a. C1 to S1
b. C1 to L5
c. C2 to L5
d. C2 to S1

Question 142

Pulls the scapula medial, upward and posteriorly:
a. Rhomboids minor
b. Rhomboids major
c. all of these
d. levator scapulae

Question 143

Branch of the vertebrobasilar artery of the brain:
a. Lenticulostriate artery
b. Internal auditory artery
c. anterior cerebral artery
d. ophthalmic artery

Question 144

The bandage muscle, wrapping around other neck muscles:
a. Sternocleidomastoid
b. Trapezius
c. splenius
d. serratus anterior

Question 145

During flexion of the ankle:
a. The malleoli approximate each other
b. Tibiofibular and interosseus ligaments tend to become horizontal
c. Malleoli are pulled inferiorly
d. The fibula is laterally rotated

Question 146

Most important function of the astrocyte:
a. Structural support to nervous tissue
b. Production of myelin
c. repair of damaged tissue
d. central nervous system scavenger

Question 147

The following muscles help maintain the relationship articulating parts in the shoulder
joint, EXCEPT:
a. Teres major
b. Supraspinatus
C. Subscapularis
d. teres minor

Question 148

Meniscal tears in the knee joint usually result from:
a. Hyperextension
b. Hyperflexion
c. rotation in full extension
d. rotation in partial flexion

Question 149

Osseous structure which serve as guides to completion of skeletal maturation include
all of the following, EXCEPT:
a. Closure of distal radial epiphysis
b. Union of ischium and pubis
c. union of iliac apophysis with the ilium
d. union of ring epiphysis of vertebral bodies

Question 150

The swaying of the arms when walking occurs around this axis:
a. Anteroposterior/horizontal
b. Vertical
c. sagittal
d. frontal

Question 151

The muscle lateral to the pectineus:
a. Rectus femoris
b. Adductor longus
c. iliopsoas
d. piriformis

Question 152

The superficial group of the muscles of the back includes: a. Serratus posterior
b. Levator scapulae
c. longissimus
d. splenius capitis

Question 153

The origin of the parasympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers supplying the urinary
bladder is:
a. Inferior mesenteric ganglion
b. Sacral spinal cord segments 2,3,4
c. dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve
d. lumbar spinal cord segments 1, 2, 3 4

Question 154

Considering the pain distribution along the medial border of the dorsum of the foot, which spinal level is represented by the saphenous nerve?
a. L5
b. L3
c. L2
d. L4

Question 155

Largest branch of the lumbar plexus:
a. llioinguinal
b. Genitofemoral
c. anterior crural
d. iliohypogastric

Question 156

Synergist of finger flexors:
a. Ulnar deviators
b. Wrist extensors
c. wrist flexor
d. radial deviators

Question 157

Muscle tested as an elbow flexor with forearm pronated:
a. Coracobrachialis
b. Brachioradialis
c. brachialis
d. biceps

Question 158

The nerve necessary for a normal precision grips.
a. Radial
b. Ulnar
c. median
d. radial and ulnar

Question 159

Stroke volume is lowest in:
a. Muscular activity
b. Erect position
c. recumbent position
d. slow walking

Question 160

The fibers in connective tissue are synthesized by the:
a. Histiocyte
b. Fibroblast
c. mast cell
d. plasma cell

Question 161

Expulsive form of cough requires which of the following muscle to contract most
forcefully:
a. Sternocleidomastoid
b. Abdominals
c. diaphragm
d. scalene

Question 162

The normal physiologic curves in children will become similar to that of an adult by the
age of:
a. 16
b. 8
c. 12
d. 10

Question 163

A patient has bilateral quadriceps weaknesses. The most difficult task for him to do is:
a. Running
b. Climbing upstairs
c. walking at a fast pace
d. going downstairs

Question 164

In a full term baby, knee extension is incomplete by about:
a. 20 degrees
b. 10 degrees
c. 40 degrees
d. 30 degrees

Question 165

The principal product of the adrenal medulla is:
a. Dopamine
b. Epinephrine
c. norepinephrine
d. histamine

Question 166

A fracture of this bone typically involve the neck and may result in a vascular necrosis:
a. Trapezoid
b. Scaphoid
c. hamate
d. lunate

Question 167

The femur is approximately what portion of a person’s height?
a. 1/4
b. 1/5
c. 1/6
d. 1/3

Question 168

A hack wound extending to the bone on the postero-medial aspect of the upper limb
above the elbow joint will likely damage the:
a. Ulnar nerve
b. Median nerve
c. radial nerve
d. musculocutaneous nerve

Question 169

Muscle which may compress the sciatic nerve as the nerve passes underneath it:
a. Rectus femoris
b. Quadrates femoris
c. piriformis
d. gluteus maximus

Question 170

“Minor’s elbow’ refers to an inflammation of the:
a. Olecranon bursa
b. Anconeus
c. medial epicondyle
d. lateral epicondyle

Question 171

In lowering yourself to a chair from standing to sitting, the quadriceps are doing:
a. Isometric contraction
b. Eccentric contraction
c. positive work
d. concentric contraction

Question 172

The lateral cord continues as the:
a. Axillary nerve
b. Musculocutaneous nerve
c. radial nerve
d. ulnar nerve

Question 173

This route of the sound waves is fastest and used in normal hearing:
a. Fluid conduction
b. Air conduction
c. ossicular conduction
d. bone conduction

Question 174

The bodies of the fifth to the ninth thoracic vertebral are usually asymmetric because
of:
a. None of these
b. Presence of pericardium and heart
c. presence of thoracic aorta d. asymmetric ribs

Question 175

During the stance phase of the gait cycle:
a. Increase activity of the gastrocsoleus
b. Increase activity of the quadriceps
c. increased activity of the gluteus medius
d. all of these

Question 176

The plane of progression during ambulation:
a. The horizontal plane
b. The frontal plane
c. the sagittal plane
d. the vertical plane

Question 177

The line of the ground reactive force at heel strike extends:
a. None of these
b. Behind the knee
c. in front of the knee
d. through the knee

Question 178

Branch of the facial nerve innervating the lacrimal gland:
a. Temporal branch
b. Zygomatic branch
c. chorda tympani
d. petrosal nerve

Question 179

Muscle which substitutes for a weak or paralyzed scapular adduction:
a. Triceps
b. Posterior deltoids
c. biceps
d. pectoralis

Question 180

Strongest hand prehension position is provided by:
a. Hook prehension
b. Lateral prehension
c. tip prehension
d. cylindrical prehension

Question 181

Will lead to edema formation, EXCEPT:
a. Increase in venous pressure
b. Decrease in permeability of the capillaries
c. lymphatic obstruction
d. increase in arteriolar hydrostatic pressure

Question 182

After removal of the patella from the knee:
a. The quadriceps useless force to extend the knee
b. The patellar tendon lies farther from the center of motion
c. The quadriceps acts with a shorter level arm
d. Full active extension of the knee in no longer possible

Question 183

The decerebrate posture generally indicates lesion of the:
a. Cerebellum
b. Midbrain
c. medulla
d. trapezoid

Question 184

With the exception of the pisiform, which is the smallest of the carpal bone?
a. Triquetrium
b. Hamate
c. trapezium
d. trapezoid

Question 185

Functions of the cruciate ligaments, EXCEPT:
a. Limit rotational movement of knee
b. Tense in all positions of the knee especially in extreme flexion and extension
c. Prevent anteroposterior displacement of the joint
d. None of these

Question 186

A facet oriented in the sagittal plane allows what motion?
a. Gliding
b. Flexion-extension
c. lateral flexion
d. rotation

Question 187

The following statements are TRUE about the lateral malleolus, EXCEPT:
a. It extends further distally than the medial malleolus
b. It is more posterior than the medial malleolus
c. Its configuration permits the ankle mortise to point 15 degree laterally
d. Its distal extension acts as a deterrent to inversion ankle sprains

Question 188

Hyperventilation in the absence of increased CO2 production results in:
a. Hypoxemia
b. Alkalosis
c. acidosis
d. hypercapnea

Question 189

Flexion at the metatarsophalangeal joints is possible up to:
a. 30-45 degrees
b. 180 degrees
c. 90 degrees
d. 10 degrees

Question 190

The most abundant protein in the body:
a. Keratin
b. Elastin
C. collagen
d. hyaline

Question 191

Point at the root of the nose where the frontonasal suture crosses the median plane:
a. Nasion
b. Nasal septum
c. lambda
d. bregma

Question 192

Muscles responsible for rotation of the scapula as in full abduction of the arm:
a. Levator scapula and rhomboid minor
b. Deltoids and biceps
c. trapezius and serratus anterior
d. subclavius and pectoralis major

Question 193

In contrast to axons, dendrites are typically:
a. Thinner
b. Receive more synaptic contacts
c. product one or more synaptic and feet
d. longer

Question 194

If the motor root of the trigeminal nerve is injured, paralysis occurs in:
a. Buccinator
b. All of these
c. tensor tympani
d. posterior belly of digastric muscles

Question 195

A strong maximum concentric contraction of the biceps is best elicited when elbow
flexion is combined with:
a. Forearm pronation and finger flexion
b. Neutral forearm position and finger flexion
c. forearms supination and finger extension
d. forearm supination and finger flexion

Question 196

Forms part of the medial wall of the axilla:
a. Coracobrachialis
b. Latissimus dorsi
c. pectoralis minor
d. serratus anterior

Question 197

A brainstem level reflex:
a. Body righting acting on the body
b. Positive supporting reaction
c. crossed extension
d. neck righting

Question 198

This cranial nerve has NO connection with the parasympathetic system:
a. CN VII
b. CNV
C. CN III
d. CN XI

Question 199

NOT an important crutch walking muscle:
a. Anconeus
b. Latissimus dorsi
c. pectoralis major
d. middle trapezius

Question 200

A muscle that complements the posterior cruciate major and helps prevent forward
subluxation of the femur when doing knee bends is the:
a. Gastrocnemius
b. Popliteus
c. plantaris
d. vastus medialis